5/19/2016 PEEK A BOO I SEE YOU How do you support the parent-child bond within the African- American family in crisis? 2016 PARENT CHILD HOME ANNUAL CONFERENCE Presenters: Pamela S. Williams & Marcella Taylor 1 Science shows that children who do well despite serious hardship have had at least one stable and committed relationship with a supportive adult. These relationships buffer children from developmental disruption and help them develop “resilience,” or the set of skills needed to respond to adversity and thrive Harvard Center for the Developing Child - Supportive Relationships and Active Skill-Building Strengthen the Foundations of Resilience: Working Paper No. 13 2 The science behind the theories Building Adult Capacities to Improve Child Outcomes 3 1
5/19/2016 EC: Emotional Contagion • Emotions are contagious We take on the moods and attitudes of those around us. • Can be spread consciously or unconsciously • Can be positive or negative • Both verbal and nonverbal 4 Attribution How individuals interpret events and how this relates to their thinking and behavior. • Internal and external attributions are used to explain behavior Heider (1958) • Internal - personality/character trait (fixed) • External - situations explain behavior (temporary) • Beware the fundamental attribution error • Consider culture and context 5 The Power of Childhood Memories 6 2
5/19/2016 Childhood Memories… What are some of yours? My Life News Volume 1, Issue 1 Memo emory ry #1 #1: : Memo emory ry #3 #3: : ______________________________________________________ Create a title for each memory ______________________________________________ Create a title for each memory Memo emory ry #2 #2: ______________________________________________________ Create a title for each memory “We tend to idealize childhood as a carefree time, but youth alone offers no shield against the emotional hurts and traumas many children face” 7 ACES: Adverse Childhood Experiences • Adverse childhood experiences (ACEs) are stressful or traumatic experiences, including abuse, neglect and a range of household dysfunction such as witnessing domestic violence, or growing up with substance abuse, mental illness, parental discord, or crime in the home. • When children are exposed to chronic stressful events, neurodevelopment can be disrupted. Disruption in early development of the nervous system may impede a child’s ability to cope with negative or disruptive emotions and contribute to emotional and cognitive impairment. 8 Childhood Memories … • Checking in with yourself and others • Being aware of reactions • Involves describing perceptions, considering other angles, and asking questions • Influenced by internal and external factors • “Things aren’t always what they appear.” Perception Checking 9 3
5/19/2016 Supporting the Bond through Communication The interactive influences of genes and experience shape the developing brain. Scientists now know a major ingredient in this developmental process is the “serve and return” relationship between children and their parents and other caregivers in the family or community. Harvard Center for the Developing Child - Inbrief | the science of early childhood development 10 Verbal Communication: The foundation of early literacy is parent-child verbal interaction. • Words used to identify and communicate emotions Emotional Vocabulary • Communicates intensity • Can better help us distinguish between and monitor emotions • Helps children connect a word to what they are feeling Verbal interaction involves “serve and return.” 11 Nonverbal Communication • Emotions and feelings that are expressed through behaviors, facial expressions, posture • Both more authentic and more vague • Can substitute for verbal expressions • Can support or negate what is actually being said • “Leaks out in ways that expose our underlying thoughts or feelings .” • Seven facial expressions recognized across cultures 12 4
5/19/2016 Active Listening • Listening in flexible ways • Use verbal and nonverbal messages • Remove as many barriers as possible • Consider culture as cultural/family Active listening is a good way to norms may dictate different improve your communication behaviors with your child. It lets your child know you are interested in what • Can enhance informational, she has to say and want to hear empathetic and critical listening more. When you are actively listening, you give your full attention to your child. Centers for Disease Control and Prevention 13 Supporting the Bond through Rituals & Routines Routines for young children helps them feel safe and stable in an unstable situation. 14 Routines build Resilience Thriving communities depend on the successful development of the people who live in them, and building the foundations of successful development in childhood requires responsive relationships and supportive environments . Harvard Center for the Developing Child INBRIEF | THE SCIENCE OF NEGLECT 15 5
5/19/2016 Reading Together When parents and children read together, the routine includes more than simply conveying the information in the book. It may involve cuddling up in a rocking chair before bed with a favorite story, pointing to pictures, taking turns in sounding out familiar phrases, and adding personal touches to the end of a story. In this way, story time is couched in an emotionally positive event and book reading is viewed by the child as an enjoyable, rewarding experience that extends to beliefs about reading in the school Reading routines may support the development of early environment. literacy skills 16 Reading together develops Parent-Child Verbal Interaction Some books featuring African-American Children The Snowy Day , Ezra Jack Keats Of Thee I Sing: A Letter to My Daughters , • • Peter’s Chair , Ezra Jack Keats Barack Obama • Whistle for Willie, Ezra Jack Keats Lola at the Library , Lola Loves Stories, Lola • • Please, Baby, Please, Spike Lee and Tanya Lewis • Reads to Leo - Ann McQuinn Lee Ingrown Tyrone , Toyla L Thompson • I Like Myself! , Karen Beaumont Loud Lips Lucy , Toyla L Thompson • • We All Went on Safari , Laurie Krebs and Julia Whose Toes Are Those? , Jabari Asim • • Cairns 17 Books that support… Perception Checking Emotional Vocabulary “The beast, the beast! I’m filled with fear. Who is the beast? Who can it be? I see no beast. I just see me.” The bear in My Many Colored Days by Dr. Seuss feels sad. Word choice such as “slow” and “low” communicate the In Keith Baker’s book, Who Is the Beast?, animals are terrified by rumors intensity of the bear’s emotion. of a vicious beast roaming the jungle. The picture also conveys his feelings through nonverbal The tiger uses a process similar to perception checking to challenge the belief that he is the scary monster. In doing so, he and the other animals communication as we see the angle of his eyebrows along with realize they share similarities. his posture. 18 6
5/19/2016 Books that support… Emotional Cognition Attribution In The Bad Mood!, Badger’s bad mood is spreading to his Internal attribution- “She’s just bad or curious.” friends. Once he recognizes what he’s done, he decides External attribution - “She’s sleepy or tired.” to have a good mood party instead to make his friends feel better. 19 Books that support… Nonverbal Communication Peter deals with feelings of frustration and unhappiness that his belongings are being changed to suit his baby sister. 20 Playing Together Play is essential to development because it contributes to the cognitive, physical, social, and emotional well-being of children and youth. Play also offers an ideal opportunity for parents to engage fully with their children. Pediatrics Vol. 119 No. 1 January 1, 2007 pp. 182 -191 Playing together stimulates verbal interaction, language development, expand vocabulary, and reinforce phonemic awareness. 21 7
5/19/2016 Playing together develops Parent-Child Interaction Some games • Simon Says Playing together is a powerful and fun • Mother May I way to increase parent-child interaction, • Freeze Tag • Imaginary Play build a child’s language and literacy skills, • Peek a boo and prepare a child to be a successful • Board games student. • Puzzles • Blocks • Cards 22 Playing with Puzzles helps develop Executive Function "It's something that's very common in trauma: difficulty in regulating emotions and behavior," she explains. "That's why a Puzzles help: lot of these kids get in Emotional skills -- they learn patience and are trouble with the rewarded when they complete the puzzle classroom .“ Cognitive skills -- as they solve the problems of a puzzle Physical skills -- from holding puzzle pieces and Child psychologist Hilit Kletter, of turning them until they fit Stanford University's School of Medicine 23 Simple things parents can do to Strengthen the Bond • Break Isolation by going to : • Park • Museums (check for free days) • Create or continue: • Meal time discussions • Mealtime rituals • Bedtime rituals • Bath time rituals 24 8
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