25th IAEA FUSION ENERGY CONFERENCE MPT/1-2 Overvie view w of - PowerPoint PPT Presentation

25th IAEA FUSION ENERGY CONFERENCE MPT/1-2 Overvie view w of Fusion ion Reactor actor Materials terials Study dy at SWIP IP Liu Xiang Southwestern Institute of Physics, Chengdu, China Co-authors: J.M. Chen, P.F. Zheng, P.H. Wang, J.H. Wu, Y.Y. Lian, Y.J. Feng, K,M, Feng, Z.Y. Xu, X.R. Duan and Y. Liu HL HL-2A

Outl tline ine 1. Motivations 2. Plasma facing materials/components. W alloys W joining with heat sink or structural materials 3. Structural materials. Ferrite/martensite steels Vanadium alloys 4. Functional materials. Tritium breeder Neutron multiplier 5. Summary HL-2A HL

Moti tivati tions ons PFMs Structural materials Functional materials C, Be, W, Li liquid RAFM N-multiplier V alloy W T-multiplier SiC f/ SiC f Near or middle-term Temp. windows goals Helium Cooling RAFM W alloys Solid Blanket V alloys CVD-W, ODS-W, CDS-W CLF-1, ODS-CLF-1 Be pebbles W-K V-4Cr-4Ti, ODS-V Li 4 SiO 4 pebbles Potential application for HL-2M, ITER-TBM CFETR or DEMO-China HL-2A HL

Pl Plas asma f a fac acing ng mate terial ials W alloys Thermal conductivity (PM-W vs W-TiC, W-La 2 O 3 ) SPS Milling 180 高 纯钨 W-0.5%TiC 170 W-1%La2O3 160 商 业纯钨 热导率 (W/M.K) 150 140 母合金粉末 130 Milling HIP 120 110 混合 高温烧结 Hot deformation 粉末 冷等静压 退火 热塑性加工 100 90 0 100 200 300 400 500 o C) W-Ta alloys T ( 4000 W-Y alloys 5000 3500 milling 40h milling 20h Micro hardness 3000 4000 milling 40h milling 10h 620 milling 20h mixed powders 2500 600 mixed powders 3000 Intensity 580 Intensity 2000 560 540 Microhardness 1500 2000 520 1000 500 1000 480 500 460 440 0 0 420 400 30 40 50 60 70 80 90 30 40 50 60 70 80 90 商用 纯钨 高 纯钨 烧结纯钨 W-0.1TiCW-0.2TiCW-0.5TiC 2θ 2θ 样品 XRD of milled W-5Ta powders XRD of milled W-1Y powders HL-2A HL

Pl Plas asma f a fac acing ng mate terial ials Fast CVD-W coating (up to 0.5 mm/h) W/graphite CVD-W coating W/RAFM Steel W/Cu process Deposition rate 0.3-0.5 mm/h Microstructure characterization Thickness 1-3mm Purity 99.9999% Thermal >180 W.m/K conductivity density >99% Hardness (HV) 430 bonding strength W/Cu >50Mpa HL-2A HL

Trans ansient ent even ent t si simulations tions of W ma mate terials ials Numerical simulations disruption-like thermal loads (single shot) --Cracking thresholds-- (a) CVD tungsten (b) hot-rolled pure tungsten CVD-W seems more sensitivity to the cracking Numerical simulations suppression at elevated temperature --Fatigue lifetime-- ELM-like thermal loads (100-1000 SHOTS) X. Liu et al, PSI-25, Oral HL-2A HL

Pl Plas asma f a fac acing ng co compon ponents ents --W/CuCrZr mockups-- Cu-Mn filler Brazing Chemical composition Element （ Mn Ni Ti Cu wt.%) No. 1 25 - - 75 2 25 1- - 74 3 25 - 1 74 4 25 - 3 72 Already developed Inductive melting + Forging + Cold rolling technique: Forging machining  Traditional furnace + Processes fast cooling + aging No. melting reprocess O content  Fast brazing using 1 Inductive Re-melting 75 ppm Electron-Beam melting 1times  Cupper coating + 2 Inductive Add C 126 ppm HIPing with fast cooling melting powder Cold rolling 3 Inductive Re-melting 2 40 ppm melting times 4 Resistance Add - heating deoxidizer HL-2A HL

Cu Cu-Mn n non-cry crystal stalline line filler er --Design based on molecular cluster theory- - Compositions Structure Grain Onset melting Liquidus Melting Mass Hardne at.%, Ce-addition size temperature T m temperature temperature span density ss (  C ) T l (  C )  T = T l - T m (g/cm 3 ) (nm) ( H v ) (  C ) 185  10 Cu 63 Mn 36 Cr 0.5 Si 0.5 FCC (S.S) 200-3000 857 905 48 7.54 150  10 Cu 67 Mn 30 Cr 0.5 Si 0.5 Sn FCC (S.S) 200-3000 774 889 115 7.72 2 225  10 Cu 70 Mn 27 Cr 0.5 Si 0.5 Sn FCC (S.S) 200-3000 792 915 123 7.65 (b) (b) (a) 2 HL-2A HL

HHF te test sts-- --Pla Plasma sma fac acing ng co comp mpon onents ents Castellated mockup (30  60  30 mm) with 5 mm thickness of W tile Thermal fatigue tests: (increase water cooling to 10m/s) EMS 60 1) Screening test:1-9 MW/m2 2) 1000 cycles at 8 MW/m2 Surface temperature variation < 10% X. Liu et al, No visible damage ICFRM-16, Oral 100 300 500 700 1000 HL-2A HL

Filler er for He e co cooling ing diver ertor tor ta targets ets Ti-base and Fe-base amorphous brazing alloys (b) (a) T x (  C ) T m (  C T l (  C )  T Compositions Structure Mass density Hardness (g/cm 3 ) ) ( H v ) 645  20 955 993 Ti 45 Zr 30 Fe 20 Si 5 amorphous 550 38 5.85 650  20 952 1030 Ti 50 Zr 25 Fe 20 Si 5 amorphous 541 78 5.74 T X ( ℃ ) T m ( ℃ ) T l ( ℃ ) Δ T Samples Fe 60 Mn 15 B 16.67 Si 6.33 Sn 2 556 1072 1113 41 Fe 50 Mn 25 B 16.67 Si 6.33 Sn 2 558 1046 1095 49 HL-2A HL

St Structur ctural al ma mate terials ials-RAFM RAFM st stee eel Composition and fabrication technique optimization--up to 1 ton ingots N as the controllable element, at the upper limit Alloy element Cr C W Ta Mn V N Content control 8.5 ± 0.3 0.11 ± 0.015 1.5 ± 0.2 0.10 ± 0.03 0.5 ± 0.2 0.3 ± 0.1 0.02-0.035 Impurity S P Ti B Nb O Ni Mo Content control <0.005 <0.005 <0.01 <0.005 <0.01 <0.005 <0.01 <0.01 Impurity Cu Al Si Co As Sn Sb Zr Content control <0.01 <0.03 <0.05 <0.01 As+Sn+Sb+Zr<0.05 HL-2A HL

Pr Proper operti ties es d data taba base of se of CLF CLF-1 1 steel ( steel (1) Tensile properties 0.1 A 0.1 A 0 55 -0.5 10 ± 0.1 A 1.6 0 27.5 Thermo-mechanical -0.25 1.6 properties 8 ± 0.1 Ⅰ 10 ± 0.1 1.6 R0.25 ± 0.025 编号 Linear 0.1 A Thermal Specific Thermal 1.6 Test T. Expansion Diffusivity heat Conductivity （ ℃ ） Coefficient B Ⅰ (J/kg · ℃ ) (W/m · ℃ ) (10 -6 m 2 /s) (10 -6 / ℃ ) 1.6 45? ± 1? 0.2 B 100 7.97 523 33.1 10.9 200 7.37 553 32.0 11.4 300 6.77 583 30.8 12.1 400 6.17 617 29.8 12.6 500 5.55 661 29.0 12.8 600 4.86 735 28.0 13.0 700 4.03 847 26.8 13.2 HL-2A HL

Pr Proper ertie ties s data taba base se of CL CLF-1 1 st stee eel (2) Thermal fatigue properties Thermal creep properties Temperature: room temperature, 300 ℃ ， 500 ℃ ；  Temperature: 500 ℃ , 550 ℃ ， 600 ℃ ；  total strain of 0.2%~1% 。  Stress level ： 250- 300MPa (500 ℃ ), 180-   Stress rate of 0.1 %/s 260MPa (550 ℃ ), 100-160MPa (600 ℃ ) ， 300MPa 500 ℃ ， 130MPa 600 ℃ 12 ， 160MPa 600 ℃ ， 260MPa ， 235MPa 550 ℃ 550 ℃ 10 ， 275MPa 500 ℃ ， 210MPa 550 ℃ 8 elongation,mm 6 4 2 0 0 1000 2000 3000 4000 5000 time,hr Cyclic softening was observed at all test The CLF-1 steel shows adequate creep rupture level temperatures under strain controlled fatigue with low minimum creep rate long rupture time. Some test. The effect of test temperature on fatigue of the tests have been carried out for more than 11000 property of CLF-1 steel is very small. h and are still in progress. HL-2A HL

Ther ermal mal sta tability lity of CL CLF-1 1 ste teel el HL HL-2A

Neu eutr tron n irrad adia iation tion data ta --1 dpa data will be available by the end of this year-- More detail: P.H. Wang, Poster MPT/P8-7 HL HL-2A

Mate terial al prepar aration tion for TBM fabri rica cations tions More detail: K.M. Feng, FIP/3-5Ra HL HL-2A

St Structur ctural al ma mate terials ials-V V al alloys -- --V-4Cr Cr-4Ti Ti-- -- V-4Cr-4TI development HL-2A HL

St Structur ctural al ma mate terials ials-V V al alloys -- --Hea Heat t trea eatment ments s of V-4Cr Cr-4Ti Ti-- -- HL-2A HL

Structur St ctural al mate terials ials-V V al alloys --Disper -- Dispersion sion stren engthe gthened ned-- -- Co-combined particles dispersion strengthened V alloy Mechanical alloyed V-alloys are expected to work at higher temperatures. Research of such V-alloys is a main work in recent years in the word. Scale-up Mechanical alloying V-4Cr-4Ti-1.8Y-0.4Ti 3 SiC 2 (2010-2012) 2000 g V-4Cr-4Ti-1.5Y-0.3Ti 3 SiC 2 V-4Cr-4Ti-1.5Y-0.3SiC 50 g V-4Cr-4Ti-1.5Y-0.3TiC V-4Cr-4Ti-1.5Y V-4Cr-4Ti Without HIP capsule Alloy powder With HIP capsule Powder (V, Cr, Ti, Y, carbides.) milling HIP SPS HL-2A HL

Structur St ctural al mate terials ials-V V al alloys -- --Disper Dispersion sion stren engthe gthened ned-- -- Alloy with Ti 3 SiC 2 addition is always the hardest Ti 3 SiC 2 has a large amount at high temperatures 400 V-4Cr-4Ti-1.5Y-0.3Ti 3 SiC 2 350 100nm nm Hardness/Hv 300 V-4Cr-4Ti 250 V-4Cr-4Ti-1.5Y-0.3TiC V-4Cr-4Ti-1.5Y 200 More detail: 150 V-4Cr-4Ti-1.5Y-0.3SiC 100nm nm P.F. Zheng, Poster o C o C As-HIPed MPT/P7-32 1450 1250 o C annealed annealed at 1050 100nm nm 100nm nm 100nm nm HL-2A HL

Function nctional al ma mate terials ials-Tritium ritium multipl tiplier ier HL HL-2A