10/11/2011 Tim D. Davis, Borlaug Institute of International Agriculture & Department of Horticultural Agriculture & Department of Horticultural Sciences, Texas A&M University, USA Purwiyatno Hariyadi, SEAFAST Center, Bogor Agricultural University, Bogor, Indonesia To gain a better understanding of Indonesia from a horticultural perspective, review some ongoing p p , g g horticultural projects, and evaluate the potential for doing collaborative horticultural research and education with Indonesian institutions 1
10/11/2011 � Borlaug Institute for International Agriculture has a g g long history of working in Indonesia (generally non ‐ horticultural projects) � Borlaug Institute of International Agriculture provided funding for an initial trip to explore potential for horticultural/plant science/food science collaboration /p / � This led to the development and funding of a large USAID joint project on tropical plants 2
10/11/2011 � Indonesia 190 million hectares or 1 9 � Indonesia, 190 million hectares or 1.9 million square km, population 240 ‐ 245 million � Texas, 69.5 million hectares or 695,000 square km, population 25 million � Hot, humid tropical climate with abundant rainfall (e.g. city of Bogor annual precipitation is about 150 ( g y g p p 5 inches) � November/June, wet season � Elevation largely determines exact climate � Rich in plant biodiversity � Many indigenous plant species that have potential as y g p p p horticultural crops but are vastly under ‐ studied and under ‐ utilized. � Alternatives to rice are needed 3
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10/11/2011 � Collaborative research related to phytochemicals in tropical fruits and vegetables p g � Biodiversity/new horticultural crops � Collaborative teaching in the postharvest handling and processing of tropical fruits and vegetables � Interest in improving Extension ‐ type efforts (land grant ‐ type Extension is largely absent, limited relationship with industry) � Rooftop horticulture 7
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10/11/2011 • Window of opportunity for enhanced collaboration between US and Indonesian Universities • Political climate favorable for federal funding funding • Horticulture is one of the priority areas for collaboration 9
10/11/2011 � Strengthen university curriculum related to tropical plant biodiversity and utilization p y � Identify bioactive compounds in underutilized plants that may have human health benefits � Establish university ‐ led outreach education programs related to tropical plant biodiversity and utilization � Foster enterprise based upon underutilized species � Texas A&M University � Bogor Agricultural University (IPB) � Udayana University (Denpasar, Bali) � Sam Ratulangi University (Manado) � Sam Ratulangi University (Manado) 10
10/11/2011 � IPB, Bogor : ‐‐ Phenolic Compounds of Tropical Plants Phenolic Compounds of Tropical Plants ‐‐ Processing of Tropical Roots and Tubers ‐‐ Evaluation of Bioactivity of Plant Compounds for Health ‐‐ Natural Food Additives � UNUD, Denpasar : ‐‐ Aromatic Compounds p ‐‐ Preserving Biodiversity Using Local Wisdom ‐‐ Tropical Plant Products: Business Model and Management ‐‐ Postharvest of Tropical Plant Products 11
10/11/2011 � UNSRAT, Manado ‐‐ Tropical ‐ Based Biopesticides Tropical Based Biopesticides ‐‐ Tropical Plants Conservation ‐‐ Tropical Plants: Indigenous Nuts ‐‐ Wallace Line Plant Geography � Evaluate Bioactive Compounds in Underutilized Plants � Develop Good Agricultural Practices (GAP’s) for Promising Species � Candidate Plants Chosen by 3 Indonesian Partner Universities 12
10/11/2011 � IPB, Bogor ‐‐ Ginseng leaf ( Panax ginseng ): ingredient for speciality Ginseng leaf ( Panax ginseng ): ingredient for speciality menus, purported overall health benefits ‐‐ Takokok/Turkey Berry ( Solanum torvum ): edible berries, promotes kidney health, antioxidants ‐‐ Sweetbush ( Sauropus androgynus) : stimulates production of breast milk � UNUD, Denpasar ‐‐ Lemon grass ( Cymbopogon citratus ): fragrance Lemon grass ( Cymbopogon citratus ): fragrance, cooking, spa (products of Bali) ‐‐ Bamboo shoots ( Gigantachloa nighociliata ): food, growth hormone ‐‐ Tapak dara ( Catharanthus roseus ): anti ‐ leukemia, Hodgkin’s treatment, anti ‐ inflammatory 13
10/11/2011 � UNSRAT, Manado ‐‐ Kenari nut ( Canarium indicum ): edible nut, snacks Kenari nut ( Canarium indicum ): edible nut, snacks ‐‐ Goroho banana ( Musa sp.): overall health properties, burn treatments, anti ‐ inflammatory ‐‐ Karimenga plant ( Acorus calamus ): Manado porridge ingredient, dengue fever � Promote understanding and utilization of high ‐ value, novel horticultural crops in local communities p � Facilitate distribution of propagules � Develop best management practices � Increase understanding of best post ‐ harvest practices � Help entrepreneurs obtaining appropriate licensing � Foster enterprise based upon underutilized � Foster enterprise based upon underutilized Indonesian plant species 14
10/11/2011 Gunung Leutik community near Bogor 15
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10/11/2011 Improve utilization and quality of tropical plant products thereby fostering economic development in home industries 18
10/11/2011 � Significant opportunities exist in research and education related to the improvement, production, p , p , postharvest handling and marketing of fruits and vegetables � Political climate for collaborating with Indonesia institutions is now quite favorable (funding is available) � Work needs to tie to biodiversity, improving human k d b d h nutrition, and/or economic development (do not focus solely on horticulture) Acknowledgments Thanks to the Borlaug Institute for providing seed funding Thanks to USAID for funding the Tropical Plant Project 19
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