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Session 1.4 Review of the results of the questionnaire on Quality M anagement of Surface M eteorological Observations in RA II S. Kigawa, K. Makiyama and T. Hayashi Japan Meteorological Agency 19 March 2018 1 JMA / WMO Workshop on Quality

  1. Session 1.4 Review of the results of the questionnaire on Quality M anagement of Surface M eteorological Observations in RA II S. Kigawa, K. Makiyama and T. Hayashi Japan Meteorological Agency 19 March 2018 1 JMA / WMO Workshop on Quality Management of Surface Observations - RA II WIGOS project Tokyo, Japan 19-23 March 2018

  2. Thank you for joining this workshop 2 JMA / WMO Workshop on Quality Management of Surface Observations - RA II WIGOS project Tokyo, Japan 19-23 March 2018

  3. Communication with you in the last two months # 1 # 2 # 3 # 4 1 9 J a n 2 5 J a n 3 1 J a n 6 F e b # 5 # 6 # 7 # 8 1 4 F e b 1 9 F e b 2 7 F e b 6 M a r And many e-mail messages 3 JMA / WMO Workshop on Quality Management of Surface Observations - RA II WIGOS project Tokyo, Japan 19-23 March 2018

  4. Draft report 2 tables and 32 graphs 4 JMA / WMO Workshop on Quality Management of Surface Observations - RA II WIGOS project Tokyo, Japan 19-23 March 2018

  5. Why? Why do we assemble here? 5 JMA / WMO Workshop on Quality Management of Surface Observations - RA II WIGOS project Tokyo, Japan 19-23 March 2018

  6. Recent disasters Country report previews 6 JMA / WMO Workshop on Quality Management of Surface Observations - RA II WIGOS project Tokyo, Japan 19-23 March 2018

  7. JMA ’ s approach Now casts Real tim e QPE QPF W eather forecast and Observation Hydrological w arning/ indices advisory services NW P 7 JMA / WMO Workshop on Quality Management of Surface Observations - RA II WIGOS project Tokyo, Japan 19-23 March 2018

  8. JMA ’ s posters on Day 4 8 JMA / WMO Workshop on Quality Management of Surface Observations - RA II WIGOS project Tokyo, Japan 19-23 March 2018

  9. JMA ’ s posters on Day 4 9 JMA / WMO Workshop on Quality Management of Surface Observations - RA II WIGOS project Tokyo, Japan 19-23 March 2018

  10. Questionnaire survey The questionnaire survey on Quality Management for Surface Meteorological Observations in RA II was conducted in 2016. Twenty NMHSs in RA II Members responded to the questionnaire. JMA analyzed the responses and prepared the draft report of the survey results. JMA / WMO Workshop on Quality Management of Surface Observations - RA II WIGOS project Tokyo, Japan 19-23 March 2018 10

  11. Survey analysis Four groups: m anned w eather stations, m anned precipitation/ hydrological stations, autom atic w eather stations and autom atic precipitation/ hydrological stations are used Four icons are used precipitation/ Manned Automatic Weather hydrological JMA / WMO Workshop on Quality Management of Surface Observations - RA II WIGOS project Tokyo, Japan 19-23 March 2018 11

  12. Major findings (1/ 4) Automatic precipitation/ hydrological stations are operated by only one third of NMHSs. Operational observation stations JMA / WMO Workshop on Quality Management of Surface Observations - RA II WIGOS project Tokyo, Japan 19-23 March 2018 12

  13. Major findings (2/ 4) Precipitation/ hydrological stations are operated with difficulties in a quality check of the observation data and an environmental check of the stations. Method of manual checking Only one half of NMHSs manually check observation data. JMA / WMO Workshop on Quality Management of Surface Observations - RA II WIGOS project Tokyo, Japan 19-23 March 2018 13

  14. Major findings (2/ 4 cont.) Precipitation/ hydrological stations are operated with difficulties in a quality check of the observation data and an environmental check of the stations. Activities of checking station Lower activities conditions are conducted for checking station conditions. JMA / WMO Workshop on Quality Management of Surface Observations - RA II WIGOS project Tokyo, Japan 19-23 March 2018 14

  15. Major findings (3/ 4) A percentage of NMHSs which utilize observation data of the precipitation/ hydrological stations for application effective in Disaster Risk Reduction, such as advisories/ warnings and nowcasting, is generally lower than that of NMHSs utilizing observation data of weather stations. Application of observations data JMA / WMO Workshop on Quality Management of Surface Observations - RA II WIGOS project Tokyo, Japan 19-23 March 2018 15

  16. Major findings (3/ 4) A percentage of NMHSs which utilize observation data of the precipitation/ hydrological stations for application effective in Disaster Risk Reduction, such as advisories/ warnings and nowcasting, is generally lower than that of NMHSs utilizing observation data of weather stations. Application of observations data JMA / WMO Workshop on Quality Management of Surface Observations - RA II WIGOS project Tokyo, Japan 19-23 March 2018 16

  17. Major findings (4/ 4) NMHSs recognized “ lack of skilled staff ” rather than “ lack of knowledge. ” Problems experienced in checking JMA / WMO Workshop on Quality Management of Surface Observations - RA II WIGOS project Tokyo, Japan 19-23 March 2018 17

  18. Survey results Many NMHSs which responded to the questionnaire operate services in rainy regions. Although a precipitation observation is one of key components for DRR , it was recognized that many observation stations faced difficulties in both the quality check of observation data and the environm ent check of the stations. It was also found that there was room for improvement in applications of observation data such as nowcasting or issuing advisories/ warnings. JMA / WMO Workshop on Quality Management of Surface Observations - RA II WIGOS project Tokyo, Japan 19-23 March 2018 18

  19. Discussions Given that DRR is one of the highest priorities, multi-scale challenges should be discussed by Member countries to solve issues. We are focusing on the precipitation observation in this workshop. JMA / WMO Workshop on Quality Management of Surface Observations - RA II WIGOS project Tokyo, Japan 19-23 March 2018 19

  20. Although we focus on rain … JMA / WMO Workshop on Quality Management of Surface Observations - RA II WIGOS project Tokyo, Japan 19-23 March 2018

  21. What? What do we learn and discuss? JMA / WMO Workshop on Quality Management of Surface Observations - RA II WIGOS project Tokyo, Japan 19-23 March 2018 20

  22. Rain JMA / WMO Workshop on Quality Management of Surface Observations - RA II WIGOS project Tokyo, Japan 19-23 March 2018 21

  23. Heavy Rain Big Big raindrop JMA / WMO Workshop on Quality Management of Surface Observations - RA II WIGOS project Tokyo, Japan 19-23 March 2018 22

  24. Science! We need science JMA / WMO Workshop on Quality Management of Surface Observations - RA II WIGOS project Tokyo, Japan 19-23 March 2018 23

  25. Workshop outline Session 1 W I GOS Survey Country report Session 2 Session 4 Calibration/ Discussions traceability W orkshop outcom e Session 3 Operational QM Science JMA / WMO Workshop on Quality Management of Surface Observations - RA II WIGOS project Tokyo, Japan 19-23 March 2018 24

  26. Huge raindrop Unnatural? JMA / WMO Workshop on Quality Management of Surface Observations - RA II WIGOS project Tokyo, Japan 19-23 March 2018

  27. Raindrop shape and size https://pmm.nasa.gov/education/articles/shape-of-a-raindrop JMA / WMO Workshop on Quality Management of Surface Observations - RA II WIGOS project Tokyo, Japan 19-23 March 2018

  28. Motivation and inspiration JMA / WMO Workshop on Quality Management of Surface Observations - RA II WIGOS project Tokyo, Japan 19-23 March 2018

  29. Motivation and inspiration http://www.noaa.gov/resource-collections/water-cycle JMA / WMO Workshop on Quality Management of Surface Observations - RA II WIGOS project Tokyo, Japan 19-23 March 2018

  30. Findings and discussions Automatic ( A) Visions of surface precipitation/ hydrological stations are operated by only one third of observation networks NMHSs. Precipitation/ hydrological stations ( B) Short-term or are operated long-term goals of with difficulties in a quality check of the observation data and an the quality of environmental check of the observation data stations. A percentage of utilization of ( C) Improvement of precipitation/ hydrological observation data on-site quality for Disaster Risk Reduction management applications is generally. NMHSs recognized ( D) Approach to “ lack of skilled staff ” rather than training skilled staffs “ lack of knowledge. ” JMA / WMO Workshop on Quality Management of Surface Observations - RA II WIGOS project Tokyo, Japan 19-23 March 2018 25

  31. How? How do we discuss? JMA / WMO Workshop on Quality Management of Surface Observations - RA II WIGOS project Tokyo, Japan 19-23 March 2018 26

  32. Organization ( A) Visions of surface Ms. Al Hameli, Ms. Al Mandoos Ms. Do, Mr. Faisal, Mr. Le Xuan observation networks ( B) Short-term or Dr. Cui, Mr. Douangmala long-term goals of Mr. Phapany, Mr. Promsut Mr. Sungkhawanna the quality of Mr. Thala Bandaralage Mr. Wimalasuriya Supported observation data by speakers ( C) Improvement of Mr. Abdul Karrem, Dr. Ahmad on-site quality Mr. Hak, Mr. Lwin, Ms. Nan Mr. Toe Aung management ( D) Approach to Ms. Baten, Mr. Chowdhury Mr. Gayyoom, Mr. Lyhon training skilled staffs JMA / WMO Workshop on Quality Management of Surface Observations - RA II WIGOS project Tokyo, Japan 19-23 March 2018 27

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