Why this conference? Conflict that concerns you? Best thing for peace? $1.6 Billion Question
• 9:00am — Welcome, Introduction, Objectives • 9:30am — Musical Handshakes • 9:45am — Why Peace Matters? • 10:30am — Break (PVA) • 10:45am — Power at the Center • 11:00am — Global Peace Index • 11:30am — Negative, Positive Peace • 12:00pm — Lunch (Peace, Violence Timeline) • 12:45pm — Envisioning an International Peacebuilding Opportunity • 1:15pm — Exploring, Countering Different Types of Violence • 1:35pm — Case Study: Bringing Peace to Shelters for the Homeless • 2:00pm — Break • 2:15 — Personal Values Assessment Results • 2:30 — Conceptualizing Peace Projects • 3:15 — Next Steps Planning • 3:40 — Final Q&A Today’s Crazy, Ambitious Agenda
On Paper – Why Peace Matters for Me Mothering Across Continents, Rotary Peace Fellow
Why Peace Really Matters …
• Truly understand drivers • Activate compassion • Imagine solutions • Take positive action • Inspire, replicate NewGen Peacebuilders Program Objectives Influenced by so many . . .
NewGen Peacebuilders Since 2013
The Interesting Case of NGP Meets IYLEP https://www.bbc.co.uk/sounds/play/p05w41xn
• Inspired by Dr. Ian Harris… • Different kind of model • Key frameworks, foundations, hands-on experiences Conflict analysis Peacebuilding tools Project speculation • Find, make connections together; Materials to continue journey Today’s Experiences: Integrating Pieces of Peace
• Six Areas of Focus – Peace at Center? • Rotary Peace Fellows • Rotary Action Group for Peace • Partners e.g. Institute for Economics & Peace Global Peace Index Positive Peace Index “Rotary Peace Academy” • Clubs, Districts – Community Engagement Elements of Rotary as Foundation, Opportunity
Personal Values Assessment: Skills and Style
We believe in the power of Tipping Points “We want peace, and we’re gonna get it!” Young People – from 3 billion to 180 million to cohorts of . . . Rotarians – from 1.2 million to 75,000 to 2,500 to about 375
Why Fredericksburg, Virginia?
What else would you like to know? Today? Us? Each other?
• Foundations: 2,500+ years • Campus Clubs after Civil War • WWI - 1919 Peace of Paris • WWII - founding of UN system • 1948 - first US academic program • 1960s - Vietnam - university • 1980s - Nuclear War/Cold War • 1990s - Cold War/Berlin Wall • 2001-2010: Int’l Decade: Culture of Peace Evolution of “Peace Making, Peace Keeping”
No sustainable development without peace No peace without sustainable development
But What if War is Over? Pinker? Factfulness? https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=NbuUW9i-mHs
Peace Power Conflict Violence Four Core Concepts What happens when people disagree about goals, values, beliefs? Who gets to decide?
• Power not good or bad • Power is everywhere - wielded for constructive or destructive purposes • Challenge is how to measure its use and impact – violence vs. peace • What you measure gets done? Experiments with measures to drive dialogue
• Armed services personnel • Weapons imports, exports • Military, security, police • Number of conflicts fought • Deaths: conflicts, crime • Jailed population • Political instability, demonstrations • Criminality, incarceration • Neighbor relations Institute for Economics and Peace (IEP) Global Peace Index Ambassadors Annual, ongoing analyses online
• 2018 Rank – 163 countries (11 th year) • Green (peaceful) • Red (less peaceful) • #1 (most peaceful) – Iceland • 15 of 20 most peaceful – in Europe • #163 (least peaceful) – Syria • Peace in Middle East and North Africa shown the greatest decline • US declines in last few years Highlights of IEP Global Peace Index
USPI – What Happens When You Focus on US? Mexico? Other Indicators: Human Development Index, Happiness
The defining 21 st century concern: what are “human rights?” How do they relate to positive peace? https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=kLfh9gHalrk&feature=youtu.be
Eight Pillars of Positive Peace (PPI from IEP)
• 2016: 3 rd year of rankings • 800 sources • Assesses: “capacity to create and maintain a peaceful society based on a holistic set of institutions which work together to systematically shape the environment that leads to peace” “Positive Peace” paints a different picture? Does PPI measure the right things (asks Galtung?) Would community PPI mapping be helpful?
NEGATIVE PEACE NEGATIVE PEACE POSITIVE PEACE POSITIVE PEACE V Stopping arms, guns, Stopping arms, guns, Managing social conflict in Managing social conflict in open fighting open fighting productive ways productive ways w/ 4 types of violence w/ 4 types of violence What happens if you shift perspectives on “types” of peace?
• Serbia – West & East Crossroads • SFRY - Yugoslavia • From “Brotherhood and Unity” to Yugoslav Wars - 1990s • Srebrenica massacre - 1995 • Kosovo War and NATO bombing - 1999 • Bulldozer Revolution – 2000 • “Balkanization” – a catch phrase • New, fragile democracy • Low economic development, continued nationalism One peacebuilder’s question: how can I help my country, region build a more peaceful future? Can I bring effective peace education, training, mentoring?
• Literature Review Historical, Scholarly Popular Culture • 50 Interviews Diversity of views For-profit, non-profit, public sector, education, young, mature, elderly • Coding and analysis Patterns Key ideas, questions, Big Ahas • Recommendations Recommendations Proposed plan Search for partners Two peacebuilders team up starting with Active Listening and a search for understanding
• “It Takes a Serb to Know a Serb” Mattjis Van de Port • “Civic Education as Education for Peace in the Context of Serbia’s 2000 Democratic Revolution” Sanja Djerašimović • ”Grappling with Peace Education in Serbia” Ružica Rosandić Key Literature Review Highlights
• Serbia is still living the legacy of the Yugoslav wars… • “Although the physical conflict is over, we are mentally in the same conflict.” • “We don’t know anything else.” Interview Highlights
• Serbia is isolated from the rest of Europe and maybe the rest of the world… • What do you mean? Serbia isn’t peaceful? • Peace, peace, peace: we have peace fatigue! • No development, no peace • The role of young people Down in the details of perspectives on peace
WHY NIŠ? • My perspective changed – through new lenses, I saw my country anew • Highest Roma population in Serbia • South – poorer part of the county • Proximity to Kosovo , ethnic minorities • Crveni Krst concentration camp held Serbs, Jews and Roma - WW II • Partnerships with Rotary Clubs from Niš and Belgrade (rural and urban) • D2483 partnerships - Western Balkans NGP Serbia 2019 Pilot Program: Home could be where we start
• Rotary Peace Fellows interviewed • TiER 1 Consulting Company in Ohio • Major global consulting company interest • Putting together a “scale” peace ed proposal US Embassy in Belgrade – starter grant Rotary – local, global FLEX United Nations (UN) Organization of Security and Co-operation in Europe (OSCE) Novak Đoković Foundation – focuses on Serbian youth The more we pursued questions . . . the more potential partnerships are emerging
What else would you like to know?
Jelena’s and Ally’s Experience: Violence and its underlying causes is like an iceberg
PEACE POSITIVE PEACE POSITIVE PEACE NEGATIVE PEACE NEGATIVE PEACE Presence of conditions of well- Presence of conditions of well- Absence of direct/ Absence of direct/ being and just relationships: being and just relationships: physical violence physical violence social, economic, political, social, economic, political, (both macro and (both macro and ecological ecological micro) micro) STRUCTURAL VIOLENCE STRUCTURAL VIOLENCE e.g., poverty, hunger e.g., poverty, hunger Direct Violence Direct Violence CULTURAL VIOLENCE CULTURAL VIOLENCE e.g., war, torture, e.g., war, torture, e.g., racism, sexism, e.g., racism, sexism, abuse of children abuse of children religious intolerance religious intolerance and women and women VIOLENCE Connecting the Triangle to Negative/Positive Peace
Galtung’s been to Columbia U. and Charlottesville
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