ISOAG Me e ting F e br ua r y 7, 2018 Welcome to CESC www.vita.virginia.gov 1
We lc ome and Ope ning Re mar ks Mic hae l Watson February 7, 2018 www.vita.virginia.gov 2 2
ISOAG F e br uar y 7, 2018 W elcom e & Opening Rem arks Mike W atson, VI TA. I . I I . Cybersecurity Risk for Autom ated Kevin Heaslip, VT Vehicles in the Com m onw ealth I I I . COV Security Requirem ents 1 0 1 Joy Young, VI TA I V. Upcom ing Events Mike W atson, VI TA V. Operations Update NG 3
Potential Cybersecurity Risks for Automated Vehicles in the Commonwealth of Virginia Presentation to VITA February 7, 2018 Dr. Kevin Heaslip Associate Director Electronic Systems Lab hume@vt.edu www.hume.vt.edu
Defense and Security @ Virginia Tech a Tech National Security Enterprise DOD S&T Arlington me Center for National Virginia Tech Applied curity and Technology Research Corporation IC S&T Blacksburg ense Workforce Development Collaborative Innovation Advanced Research Technology Domain Awareness Applied R&D Breakthrough Technologies Other Federal Industry, Foundations Integrated 501(c)3 University Center 6.1 through 6.3 6.2 through 6.4 $18M 100 Annual Program Researchers, Staff Revenue and Professors 300 250 NSA/DHS Center for Academic Excellence Annual Academic Students Engaged IC Center for Academic Excellence Publications Annually CyberCorps Scholarship for Service Site 2/7/2018 5
Hume Center Organization and Leadership Vice President for Christine Charles Clancy Research and Callsen Director Innovation Director of ECE Outreach and Education Hume Center Mark Goodwin Kira Gantt Deputy Director Associate Office of Director of Office of Outreach Outreach and Finance and and Education Operations Bob McGwier Education Chief Scientist IC Center for Jon Black Academic ECE, AOE Excellence Director, Aerospace Christie Aerospace Electronic Information Systems Lab Systems Systems Systems Thompson Laboratory Laboratory Laboratory AOE, ECE Director of Alan Michaels NSF Security NSA/DHS CAE Finance and Director, and Software for Cyber Operations Electronic Engineering Defense Research Systems Lab Research Center Kevin Heaslip ECE Academic Appointments Associate Director, Operatin AOE Aerospace and Ocean Engineering Electronic Systems g National CEE Civil and Environmental Engineering Lab ECE Electrical and Computer Engineering Departm Centers ents CEE 2/7/2018 6
Hume Center Program Summary Outreach & Education Electronic Systems Aerospace Systems Information Systems Lab Lab Lab National- and Assured Space Situational Embedded Cyber-Security Communications Awareness System Security Curriculum Extracurricular Unmanned Radar and Secure and Resilie Programs Platforms Spectrum Infrastructure Autonomy & Student Career Electronic and Applied Deep Mission Mentorship Cyber Warfare Learning Orchestration Security and Priva Experiential Cubesats and Counter A2AD for IoT Learning Small Satellites 2/7/2018 7
Focus Area: Cyber-Physical System Security CIKR Security Safety-Critical Systems IOT Privacy Research Areas Cloud Embedded Wireless Embedded Transportati Wireless Energy on • RTOS Access Control • LTE Jamming • Key FOB Security • MODBUS • Physically Encryption • LTE/EPC Security • Vulnerability Unclonable Assessments • Smartgrid • Android Security Functions Security • V2X Security • Software Radio • Embedded RNG (Transmission Exploitation • ADS-B • AES Sidechannel and Distribution) Encryption • Mobile Key Attacks • Nuclear Reactor Management • UAV C2 Attacks • Whitelist firewall Control Systems • Navy for SCADA Airworthiness transactions Center 2/7/2018 8
Automotive Security Team Dr. Ryan Gerdes Dr. William C. Headley Affiliated Faculty Senior Research Associate Dr. Kevin Heaslip Electrical and Computer Enginee Research Areas: Associate Director, Research Areas: • Signal Detection Electronic Systems • Signal and data authenticatio • Signal Classification Lab • Hardware and device security • Digital Signal Processing • Computer and network secur • Transportation Security Research Areas: • Intelligent Transport • Vehicle Operations Michael Fowler Kevin Sterne • Transport Senior Research Associate Research Associate Cybersecurity Research Areas: Research Areas: • Cyber electronic warfare • RF Engineering • Wireless security • Radar • Communications • Wireless communications Dr. Alan Michaels Director of Research Zach Leffke Dr. Joseph M. Ernst Electronic Systems Research Associate Research Assistant Pro Aerospace Systems Research Areas: Research Areas: • Digital Communications • Statistical signal processing Research Areas: • Satellite Communications • Cyber-physical systems securi • Wireless signal processing • LPI/LPD • Intelligent Transportation Sys • Software radio • Digital chaos • Secure Communications • Satellite communications 2/7/2018 9
Introduction • Over time technology has become integral to the automobile. • If you do not like computers in your car, a great car for you to have is: 1975 Ford Granada 2/7/2018 10
Computerization of the Automobile • Emissions standards and the 1970’s fuel crisis made the computerization of automobiles necessary • Efficiency, not brute force power, was the reasoning for adding microchips to the car. • Sensors and microchips are the heart of the automobile now. • Average of 60 to 100 sensors aboard • Automated vehicles should double to triple the amount of sensors aboard • The typical new car comes with more than 100 million lines of code 2/7/2018 11
Computers in the Car “A cyber incident is not a problem just for the automaker involved,” Barra said at an industry conference held in Detroit. “It is a problem for every automaker around the world. It is a matter of public safety.” 2/7/2018 12 - GM CEO, Mary
Definitions • Autonomous • “acting independently or having the freedom to do so” • Automated • “convert (a process or facility) to largely automatic operation” • Automated Driving
The Vehicle of Tomorrow • Alan Taub of General Motors stated at the 2011 ITS World Congress that the vehicle of tomorrow will be: • Autonomous (Automated?) • Connected • Electric
Driver Automation Levels
Automated Driving in Action Google’s Self Driving Car
Different Automated Vehicles • Automated Vehicles
Automation Available Today • Adaptive Cruise Control • Lane Keeping • Jam Assist • AutoPilot
Tesla AutoPilot 2/7/2018 19
Use of Machine Vision 2/7/2018 20
Automation Benefits/Challenges • Benefits • Significantly Less Crashes Possible • Increased Capacity Possible • Platooning • Reduced Lane Width • More Ridesharing / Less Vehicles • Challenges • Liability Issues • Cybersecurity
Intelligent Transportation Infrastructure • Traditional Intelligent Transportation Systems have been shown to be vulnerable. • Traffic Signals • Variable Message Signs • Electronic Toll Collection • GPS Navigation • Vehicle to Infrastructure Communication • Road Weather Information Systems • Weigh-In-Motion Systems • Traffic Operating Center Communications 2/7/2018 22
Communications Domains in Surface Transportation • Each domain requires security to ensure safety and efficiency of the transportation system • Integrated infrastructure and vehicle security is needed 2/7/2018 23
Potential Traditional Vehicle Vulnerabilities • Vulnerabilities Include: • On-Board Diagnostic Security • Tire Pressure Monitor Security • Key Fob Security • Infotainment Security 2/7/2018 24
Advanced Vehicle Communication and Sensing • Communication systems and sensing systems add attack vectors that have not been seen in previous iterations of vehicles. • These technologies enable efficiencies and create vulnerabilities. 2/7/2018 25
Attacks possible on next generation vehicles 2/7/2018 26
Threats to ITS and Vehicle Systems • Additional solutions include: 2/7/2018 27
Hume Center Vehicular Cyber-Security Revolutiona Evolutionary Immediate ry Developmen Impact Technologie ts s Low-cost Security Market mechanisms to help enhancements to discriminators for protect today’s fleet. current design next generation process. vehicles CAN/IP OBD2 FDMA (wireless) Security separated Hybrid communicati TPMS on channels Key Fob Security Key Fob Crypt- Security analysis Transactional (Identificatio Security n) Authorization Infotainmen Cellular t Security Backhaul Hume Center Confidential 2/7/2018 28
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