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Tuesday 17 January 2017 Afternoon agenda: 12:30 Solving problems around the world: Chris Walker, Director, CEO, Diamond Hard Surfaces 13:30 Delivering the Future: Christopher Barnatt, University of Nottingham 14:30 Open forum - ask the experts 15:30 Tour of the Silverstone Park Metrology Facility 3

Solving problems around the world Chris Walker : Director, CEO 4

Department for International Trade, Silverstone Export Hub , 17 January 2017. Delivering the Future Christopher Barnatt ExplainingTheFuture.com

In this Presentation • Challenges ahead • Technology solutions and technological convergence • Blurring industry boundaries • Cross-sector skills

Challenges Ahead

Climate Change

The Paris Agreement • Signed by 197 countries in December 2015, and aims to limit global warming to 2°C or less. • Entered force on 4 November 2016, after 55+ countries representing 55%+ of greenhouse gas emissions had ratified it (118 countries covering 80% of emissions have now ratified). • Requires emission cuts of 40-70% by 2050, and by the end of this century for sources to match sinks. • Ratifiers have agreed to reduce their emissions from 2020, and to operate an “ambition mechanism” to review and make further cuts every 5 years. There is also a “global stocktake” in 2023.

Peak Oil: The Hubbert Curve

Peak Oil & the Net Energy Crisis

The Net Energy Time Bomb Energy Source EROI Energy Source EROI Petroleum (1930s) 100:1 Shale oil (fracking) 10:1 Coal (traditional) 80:1 Shale gas (fracking) 10:1 Natural gas 40:1 Oil sands 7:1 Hydroelectric 40:1 PV Solar 7:1 Petroleum (2015) 20:1 Coal (“clean” tech) 5:1 Wind power (max) 18:1 Biofuels 3:1 Nuclear fission 10:1 Wave power ?? Best available data. Many figures highly contentious!

Peak Water

Food Shortages

Resource Depletion

Technological Solutions The challenges we face are great, but so too are the new possibilities that appear when we look at old problems with new and fresh eyes. These possibilities include technologies capable of pulling us back from the brink . . . United Nations High-Level Panel on Sustainability, January 2012.

Tech Convergence - Negroponte’s Rings

The Next Technological Convergence

3D Printing

3D Printing

3D Printing: Custom Manufacturing

3D Printing: Molds & Other Tooling

3D Printing: Saving Weight

3D Printing: Faster & Cheaper

3D Printing: Saving Resources

3D Printing: Localization

3D Printing: Medical Personalization

3D Printing: Medical Personalization

Bioprinting: 3D Printing Ourselves

Synthetic Biology

Synthetic Biology

Synthetic Biology

Synthetic Biology

Synthetic Biology

Urban Agriculture

Urban Agriculture

Nanotechnology

Nanotech: Two-Photon Polymerization

Nanotech: NanoParticle Jetting

Nanotech: Production Without Tools

Nanotech: The First Molecular 3D Printer

Toward the Microfabricator

Other Technology Horizons : AI

Other Engineering Horizons : AVs

Other Engineering Horizons : Robots

The New Industrial Convergence

Cross Sector Skills • Increasingly, all industries are going to be working with the same kinds of technologies. • So whether you are making a F1 car, supplying food, manufacturing consumer goods, or practising medicine, the same kinds of digital-to-physical skills will be required. • The future will be delivered by those who address great challenges using such skills.

Any Questions?