1 0 g o 2 0 URBAN ARCHITECTURE FOR a n D i e RURAL EAST AFRICA: A Sustainable Solution S a For Development Efforts in East Africa p Dr. Craig Baltimore, SE OLY Cal Poly at San Luis Obispo C AL P Department of Architectural Engineering 1
1 0 g o 2 0 Order of Presentation a n D i e Introduction Lessons Learned Lessons Learned S a Implementation of Knowledge Past Experience Current Project OLY Questions Questions C AL P 2
C AL P OLY S a a n D i e g o 2 0 1 0 Knowledge Transfer on Their Terms Introduction Not Ours 3
Introduction 1 0 g o 2 0 Collaboration Bet een Between a n D i e S a ACADEMIA INDUSTRY OLY NGO NGO C AL P 4
Introduction 1 0 A h Architectural Engineering l E g o 2 0 Architecture City & Regional Planning l l a n D i e Construction Management S a Landscape Architecture ACADEMIA C AL P OLY INDUSTRY OLY NGO NGO NGO NGO C AL P The Mbesese Initative 5
Lessons Learned 1 0 g o 2 0 First Develop Relationships First Discover the Culture a n D i e Second Determine Resources Third UNDO Western Thinking S a (labor vs machines) Inquire and Problem Solve for Long Term Recognize You Are in for the LONG Haul OLY Implement C AL P Assess 6
Implementation of Knowledge Transfer 1 0 g o 2 0 A Sustainable Solution for U b Urban Spaces S a n D i e of Rural Areas Rural Areas S a OLY C AL P 7
Implementation of Knowledge Transfer 1 0 g o 2 0 A Sustainable Solution is defined as adaptation of technology to the is defined as adaptation of technology to the a n D i e resources (materials, skills, and culture) of a local population, and in such, allow the technology to be p p , , gy S a incorporated directly into the culture where betterment of life; self-empowerment; and growth can occur without continued outside influence . In the bush area of rural East Africa the resources and minimal (compared to the standards of resources and minimal (compared to the standards of a developed nation) OLY C AL P 8
Implementation of Knowledge Transfer 1 0 g o 2 0 A Sustainable Solution adaptation p technology gy a n D i e resources local S a incorporated p culture betterment of life; self-empowerment; growth p g OLY without continued outside influence C AL P 9
Implementation of Knowledge Transfer 1 0 U b Urban Spaces S g o 2 0 of Rural Areas Rural Areas a n D i e S a OLY C AL P 10
Past Experience - Kenya 1 0 g o 2 0 Nyumbani • Republic of Kenya p y a n D i e • Kiswahili word for “home” • Est. 1992 • Children’s Home S a • Diagnostic Laboratory • Village Project OLY C AL P 11
Past Experience - Kenya 1 0 g o 2 0 Nyumbani Village • Eastern Province Eastern Province a n D i e • AIDS Affected Community • “Two Forgotten Generations” • 1 200 Target Capacity 1,200 Target Capacity S a • 1,000 Acre Site • Sustainability Model OLY C AL P 12
Past Experience - Kenya 1 0 Nyumbani asked for specific help (find solutions) Nyumbani asked for specific help (find solutions) g o 2 0 Senior Project • Cement Stabilized Soil Blocks Cement Stabilized Soil Blocks a n D i e • Impact Loading • Medical Supplies S a OLY C AL P 13
Past Experience - Kenya 1 0 • DESIGN+ HOPE • DESIGN+ HOPE g o 2 0 • Cal Poly Arch. Student: Matthew Ridenour & David Aine • Cal Poly Arch. Eng. Students a n D i e • Church from O.C., Calif. • Namanga, Kenya • Rural Maasai people in Malai Tisa, Kenya (20,000 pop.) y ( p p ) S a • 2 hr. Walk to Nearest Clinic OLY C AL P 14
Current Project - Tanzania 1 0 g o 2 0 • United Republic of Tanzania • Kilimanjaro Region j g a n D i e • District of Same • Catholic Diocese of Same S a • Primary Schools • Secondary Schools • Medical Clinics • Orphanage • AIDS Education OLY C AL P 15
Current Project - Tanzania 1 0 g o 2 0 Where do a n D i e you start ? S a Undoing Undoing what you know ! OLY C AL P 16
Current Project - Tanzania 1 0 • Establish Relationships Establish Relationships g o 2 0 • Western Ways don’t work . • Schedule and Tasks • Money and Materialism • Money and Materialism a n D i e • Rural African Ways • Trust and Friendship • No clocks S a • Determine Resources • Materials • Skill Sets • Skill Sets • Lots of Labor • Little Machinery • Discover the Culture • What is important? OLY • What is the need? C AL P • What is success? • What is happiness? 17
The Same Polytechnic 1 0 Build a sustainable Polytechnic School Build a sustainable Polytechnic School g o 2 0 • To Serve • Local Area a n D i e • Rec. Fields • Commerce • Extend Rural Area S a • All Religions • Non-Commuter • To Demonstrate o e o st ate • We May Be Poor • But Look What We Can Accomplish p • Source of Learning OLY • Source of Pride • To Educate To Educate C AL P 18
The Same Polytechnic 1 0 g o 2 0 • Degree Programs • Accounting & Finance • Administration & Management g a n D i e • Agriculture Technology • Auto Mechanics • Computer & Electronic Repair Computer & Electronic Repair S a • Construction Management • Development & Social Work • Hotel Management & Hotel Management & Hospitality • Nursing • Teacher Certification Teacher Certification OLY C AL P 19
C AL P OLY S a a n D i e g o 2 0 1 0 The Same Polytechnic 20
C AL P OLY S a a n D i e g o 2 0 1 0 • Arup • Cal Poly at SLO A Design Team 21
Design Goals 1 0 g o 2 0 • Performance • Serviceability y a n D i e • Life Safety • Thermal Comfort • Energy Efficiency gy y S a • Energy Independence • Constructability • Affordability • Replication Model ep ca o ode OLY C AL P 22
Design Challenges 1 0 g o 2 0 • Available Building Materials • Masonry units aso y u s a n D i e • Cement • Aggregate • Reinforcement Reinforcement S a • Steel • Timber OLY C AL P 23
Design Challenges 1 0 g o 2 0 • Available Building Materials • Masonry units y a n D i e • Cement • Aggregate • Reinforcement Reinforcement S a • Steel • Timber OLY C AL P 24
Design Challenges 1 0 g o 2 0 • Available Building Materials • Masonry units y a n D i e • Cement • Aggregate • Reinforcement Reinforcement S a • Steel • Timber OLY C AL P 25
Design Challenges 1 0 g o 2 0 • Work Force • Reasonable skill level a n D i e • Available tools • Labor cost S a OLY C AL P 26
Design Challenges 1 0 g o 2 0 • Work Force • Reasonable skill level Reasonable skill level a n D i e • Available tools • Labor cost S a OLY C AL P 27
Design Challenges 1 0 g o 2 0 • Climate • Arid/Semi-Arid Land a n D i e • Dry & Rainy Seasons • High Temperatures • Humid Conditions Humid Conditions S a • Solar Radiation OLY C AL P 28
C AL P OLY S a a n D i e g o 2 0 1 0 • Natural Ventilation – Thermal Comfort Proposed Systems 29
C AL P OLY S a a n D i e g o 2 0 1 0 • Natural Ventilation – Thermal Comfort Proposed Systems 30
Proposed Systems 1 0 g o 2 0 • Thermal Mass – Thermal Comfort a n D i e 84 S a 80 76 °F) Temperature (° No Thermal Mass 72 Thermal Mass (Cooling) 68 External Temperature External Temperature 64 OLY 60 0 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 10 11 12 13 14 15 16 17 18 19 20 21 22 23 24 Hour of Day Hour of Day C AL P 31
C AL P OLY S a a n D i e g o 2 0 1 0 • Daylight – Energy Efficiency Proposed Systems 32
C AL P OLY S a a n D i e g o 2 0 1 0 • Confined Masonry Proposed Systems 33
Forward Progress 1 0 g o 2 0 • Conceptual Design • Space programming p p g g a n D i e • Site survey • Master planning • Design narratives Design narratives S a OLY C AL P 34
C AL P OLY S a a n D i e g o 2 0 1 0 Questions 35
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