15/06/2018 Build it Better with Wood Members Day 2018 Timber in the 21 st Century Dr Graham Ormondroyd The BioComposites Centre Bangor University What are the primary sources of emissions in Climate Change – It is real and evident the UK? What are we doing about climate change? What are we doing about climate change? • ‘Tragedy of the commons’ – climate change mitigation will not • With Current UK policies the 2 nd and 3 rd Carbon Budgets will be happen if all agents act independently achieved. • Kyoto protocol – set international targets for reduction in carbon release by 2012 • There is a UK policy gap which • Paris agreement – agreed that global warming should be kept below 2 °C endangers the delivery of the 5 th Carbon budget targets • Climate Change Act 2008 UK’s 4 th , beginning in 5 years time , and 5 th , 10 years time , Carbon Budgets 1
15/06/2018 How are we responding and is this pertinent Significant government investment into Green to BWF members? Growth • Increasing forest cover and the • Including timber resource. • Housing and construction • Ensure that the land plays a • Heating central role in carbon capture • Land Use • We will work with industry to increase the amount of UK timber used in construction, creating a conveyor belt of locked-in carbon in our homes and buildings. Up-surge in government funded timber How are we responding and is this pertinent projects to BWF members? • Increasing forest cover and the • Knowledge Transfer Partnership (2016- 2018) ‘ Development of UK timber resource. home grown timber laminated products ’ • Ensure that the land plays a • Innovate UK (2017- 2019) ‘ LaserCur e ’ central role in carbon capture • SMART Partnerships (2017- 2018) ‘ Environmentally Friendly Timber Bleaching ’ • We will work with industry to • Knowledge Transfer Partnership (2018- 2020) ‘ Assessment of novel UK increase the amount of UK species for resin modification ’ timber used in construction, creating a conveyor belt of • Knowledge Transfer Partnership (2018- 2021) ‘ Assessment of locked-in carbon in our homes environmentally friendly bleeching and dying of timber veneers ’ and buildings. How are we responding and is this pertinent How does the timber industry respond to this to BWF members? and how can Timber Science help? • Increasing forest cover and the timber resource. • Ensure that the land plays a central role in carbon capture • We will work with industry to increase the amount of UK timber used in construction, creating a conveyor belt of locked-in carbon in our homes and buildings. 2
15/06/2018 Net CO 2 e life time emissions of ‘raw It may not be as clear cut when taking into materials’ account the ‘whole - life’ of a product Timber frame housing Timber in construction UK 2005 2007 2009 2011 2013 2015 House House House Flat Housing 224210 233770 115420 138810 149670 179450 Brick and TF TF CLT starts block Tim clad Timber 17% 23.3% 25.6% c. 28% frame Wood 7.1 m 3 10.31 m 3 14.93 m 3 (Burnett 2006) Wood 4.3 m 3 7.8 m 3 21.3 m 3 (CEI-bois) 10 m 3 to Wood (John Gilbert Arch. 2005 ) 27 m 3 28 m 3 to Engineered wood 38.4 m 3 Masonry Timber Model house Timber Production in the UK Solid wood 8.82 m 3 14.55 m 3 WBPs 3.36 m 3 5.99 m 3 Aerated 309.2 m 2 0 • Typical composition for single 4 bed block detached dwelling Brick 222.1 m 2 222.1 m 2 • Other components e.g. roof tiles, Production (thousand g t) Deliveries (thousand g t) assumed to be equal as shape 14000 12000 10000 12000 identical 8000 10000 6000 8000 4000 2000 6000 0 4000 2012 2013 2014 2015 2016 2000 Softwood deliveries of which: Sawmills 0 Pulpmills Woodbased panels 2012 2013 2014 2015 2016 Fencing Woodfuel Wood production of which: softwood hardwood Other Roundwood exports 3
15/06/2018 Prediction of Timber Production What is ‘Timber Modification’ • [Timber] modification involves the action of a chemical, biological or Alder physical material, resulting in a desired property enhancement during WPNN its service life (Hill, 2006) “British pine” Birch WPCS “British spruce” Douglas Ash fir Sycamore WLAD “larches” Lodgepole Beech pine Oak However most of the technologies are Timber modification competing for… • Three current commercial forms of timber modification • Radiata pine • Acetylation • Resin Impregnation • Thermal Modification Rise in price of Grade A Radiata pine It is possible to modify UK timber • Acetylation – whilst possible much of the technology is tied up in patents and licensing agreements from Accoya, However Tricoya chips set to be modified in Hull • Resin impregnation – New company set up in South Wales – Fibre 7 Cost of Grade A exported Radiata pine from New Zealand • Heat treatment – Pilot scale work undertaken at Bangor with 2 kilns 180 160 in North and South Wales. Brimstone producing in South of England 140 120 100 80 60 Mar-08 Jun-08 Sep-08 Dec-08 Mar-09 Jun-09 Sep-09 Dec-09 Mar-10 Jun-10 Sep-10 Dec-10 Mar-11 Jun-11 Sep-11 Dec-11 Mar-12 Jun-12 Sep-12 Dec-12 Mar-13 Jun-13 Sep-13 Dec-13 Mar-14 Jun-14 Sep-14 Dec-14 Mar-15 Jun-15 Sep-15 Dec-15 Mar-16 Jun-16 Sep-16 Dec-16 Mar-17 Jun-17 Sep-17 Dec-17 4
15/06/2018 Acetylation in the UK Resin Impregnation in the UK • Scheduled to open 2019 • Located in Barry, South Wales • Employ ~30 permanent • Currently trading small amounts employees of treated timber • Take spruce / pine / fir similar to • Up scale production Q2 2018 trad. MDF plants Resin Impregnation in the UK Heat treatment in the UK • Brimstone, South England • Heat treatment of hardwoods • Ash • Currently using • Poplar traditional ‘ modification • Sycamore timber ’ • Pilot scale kilns • Current projects to • Treated both hardwoods and softwoods investigate UK species • Inc. larch and pine including Laser incising to be able to treat non- permeable species Heat treatment in the UK Conclusions • There is a fledgling TM industry in the UK working across all three major modification types • There is the demand. The UK is looking to invest in clean technologies including timber and timber in construction • There is a wood science R&D base in the UK and this needs to be exploited • We need to match the technologies with the available timber and visa versa 5
15/06/2018 Centre for doctoral training in Fut uture e Timb mber Timber 2018 • 26 th / 27 th June • Bangor, Edinburgh Napier and Surrey Universities • A centre for 50 PhD students in Timber Science • In London • All students will be CASE award scholars • A showcase of Timber research in the UK • Fulfill a need of the industry • Covering all topics from wood science and engineering to architecture • Cheapest research you will find • Spanning all areas of the timber industry • Including new species; timber treatments; use; end of life • Fundamentals through to application Thanks for listening, come and see us? 6
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