Asia and the Pacific Regional Training Course on Labour and Social Policies for Decent Work Social Protection Report and the Social Protection Floor 16 th June 2016 Bangkok Social Protection Department of the ILO - Thibault van Langenhove - 1
What is social protection? Unemployment Work injury Medical care Maternity Sickness Invalidity Families with Death of the Old age Life- children breadwinner cycle Everyone has a right to social security and a decent standard of living, and protection from difficult circumstances that may be beyond their control (Article 22 and Article 25 of the Universal Declaration of Human Rights (1948)) 2
Social protection is also a key component of sustainable development Investment in social protection Inclusive Healthier economic and better growth, educated Promoting more fiscal population decent space employment and inclusive growth More decent Higher employmen productivity t 3
Many low and middle-income countries have extended SPFs. The global context 4
Only 28% of employed women enjoy maternity protection* • *paid maternity leave or maternity cash benefits Source: ILO, World Social Protection Report 2014-15 5
73% need a change - An unmet need in figures 73% of the world population is not adequately covered. Globally, 39% of the population is lacking coverage in health . http://www.social- protection.org/gimi/gess/ShowT heme.action?th.themeId=3985 50% of the world’s children live in poverty . Only 12% of unemployed workers worldwide actually receive unemployment benefits . Nearly 50% of all people over pensionable age do not receive a pension . 6
Regional (ASEAN) context Social Health Protection Viet Nam 61.0 98.0 Thailand Singapore 82.0100.0 Philippines Malaysia 100.0 Lao PDR 11.6 Indonesia 59.0 Cambodia 26.1 Brunei Darussalam 100.0 0.0 10.0 20.0 30.0 40.0 50.0 60.0 70.0 80.0 90.0 100.0 Health covrage in 9 ASEAN countries 80 71.3 70 61.8 58.6 60 52 48.9 45.3 50 38.2 34.9 40 Out-of-pocket 30 expenditure as a 13.1 20 8.1 percentage of Total 10 0 Health Expenditure BRN CAM IDN LAO MYS MMR PHL SGP THA VNM 7
Social protection systems are often fragmented and incomplete Situation in many countries: Level of Large gaps in social protection protection Adequate protection limited to those in formal employment (if at all) Fragmentation Lack of social protection mechanisms for those in informal employment, which obstructs economic and social development Poor Informal employment Formal employment Popu opulatio ion 8
Social protection floors: basic social security guarantees Social Protection Floors Recommendation, 2012 Level of (No. 202): protection All residents and all children should benefit from at least a basic level of social protection ILO member States should establish nationally-defined social protection floors as a fundamental element of their social security systems Soc Socia ial l pr protection fl floor Poor Informal employment Formal employment Popu opulatio ion 9
Social protection floors Higher levels of protection NATIONAL SOCIAL PROTECTION FLOOR: nationally defined basic social security guarantees basic income security basic income security for children access to essential basic income security for persons in old providing access to for persons in active health care including age nutrition, education, care age unable to earn maternity care and any other necessary sufficient income goods and services 10
The floor is not a ceiling Extension of social protection along two Level of dimensions: protection Horizontal: Social protection floor Vertical: progressively reaching higher levels of protection Fosters transition to the formal economy Higher levels of protection for as many people as possible Soc Socia ial l pr protection fl floor Poor Informal employment Formal employment Popu opulatio ion 11
R202’s guiding principles Policy design SPF part of a comprehensive system • • Universality of protection Progressive realization • • Entitlements prescribed by Law Solidarity in financing • • Adequacy and predictability Diversity of methods and approaches • • Social inclusion, non-discrimination Coherence with other policies • Respect for the rights and dignity Financing Good governance • Coherence accross institutions • Solidarity in financing • Transparent, accountable and sound • Diversity of financing mechanisms administration • Transparent, accountable and sound • High quality public services financial management • Complaints and appeal • Financial, fisccal and economic • Monitoring, evaluation sustainability • Participation (workers, employers, CSOs) 12
From guiding principles to practice 113
Main steps to build SPFs Design & reforms of Improvement of Assessment Based SP schemes operations National Dialogue Analysis of operations leading Policy design, institutional, Assessment matrix with to recommendations actuarial and legal studies recommendations: (adminsitrative governance, financial governance) 1. Schemes 2. Operations Scenarios 1, 2, 3 … Tripartite/national Scenarios 1, 2, 3 … Costing, fiscal space, impact endorsement Tripartite/national Tripartite/national endorsement endorsement National social protection + National law adopted and + Pilot test / roll out of the strategy: Vision & Priorities enacted recommendations; amendment of the law 14 Impact on people: coverage, adequacy and access
The ABND process STEP 3 – Finalisation & STEP 1 – endorsement 1. Inventory of schemes Assessment through desk review and 9. Endorsement by matrix bilateral consultations the technical joint team and 2. Draft presentation to assessment matrix the government 8. Finalization of the 3. Dialogue # 1 to costing and assessment validate the matrix; writing of the Assessment Matrix National ABND report and provide policy dialogue recommendations 4. Translation of policy 7. Dialogue # 3 to recommendations into present the results of the “ costable ” scenarios costing and discuss the fiscal space 5. Dialogue # 2 to validate 6. Data collection for the STEP 2 – Costing the choice of scenarios RAP protocol and costing using the RAP of the scenarios model 15
ABND-step 1: Building the assessment matrix SPF Govt. Existing Policy Implement- Recomm- objectives strategy provisions gaps ation issues endations Health Identifying Identifying policy Priority existing situation gaps and policy Children in the country implementation options, Four SPF issues, addressing decided guarantees Working which would through age complete the SPF national dialogue Elderly 16
Group Work • Read the country scenario, and reach a consensus propose recommendations to develop the SPF in Coresia • You have 20min • Next step: – 5 minute per group to report on: • Recommendations • Main discussion points 17
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