Proceedings of 25th ITTC – Volume I 263 The Ocean Engineering Committee Final Report and Recommendations to the 25th ITTC 1. GENERAL � Shanghai Jiao Tong University, Shanghai, February 2008. 1.1 Membership and Meetings 1.2 Tasks Based on Recommendations of The Members of the Ocean Engineering the 24th ITTC Committee of the 24 th International Towing Tank Conference were as follows: The original list of tasks recommended by the 24 th ITTC was as follows: Prof. Pierre Ferrant (Chairman), Fluid � Mechanics Laboratory, Ecole Centrale de State of the Art Reviews Update the state- Nantes, France of-the-art for predicting the behaviour of Prof. Martin Downie (Secretary), � bottom founded or stationary floating University of Newcastle upon Tyne, structures including moored and dynamically United Kingdom. positioned ships and the modelling of waves, � Dr Rolf Baarholm, Norwegian Marine wind and current in emphasizing developments Technology Research Institute, Norway. since the 2005 ITTC Conference, � Prof. Antonio C. Fernandes, Laboceano, Universidade Federal do Rio de Janeiro, � Comment on the potential impact of new Brasil developments on the ITTC. � Dr. Nuno Fonseca, Instituto Superior � Emphasize new experimental techniques Técnico, Portugal. and extrapolation methods and the � Dr Sa Young Hong, Maritime and Ocean practical applications of computational Engineering Research Institute, Korea. methods to prediction and scaling. � Prof. Shuichi Nagata, Institute of Ocean � Identify the need for R&D for improving Energy, Saga University, Japan. methods of model experiments, numerical � Dr Ir Jaap de Wilde, Maritime Research modelling and full-scale measurements. Institute Netherlands, The Netherlands. � Prof. Jianmin Yang, State Key Laboratory Review Existing Procedures of Ocean Engineering, Shanghai Jiao Tong University, China Review ITTC recommended procedures � 7.5-02-07-01.1, 7.5-02-07-03.1, 7.5-02- Four Committee meetings were held 07-03.2, 7.5-02-07-03.4 and 7.5-02-07- respectively at: 03.45. Determine if any changes are needed in � � Maritime Research Institute Netherlands, the light of current practice. the Netherlands, June 2006. Identify the requirements for new � procedures. � MOERI/KORDI, Korea, December 2006 Support the Specialist Committee on � � Instituto Superior Técnico, Portugal, June Uncertainty Analysis in reviewing the 2007. procedures handling uncertainty analysis.
The Ocean Engineering Committee 264 1.3 Review validation of prediction techniques Structure of Report Critically review examples of validation of The work carried out by the committee is prediction techniques presented as follows: Identify and specify requirements for new � State of the Art Reviews benchmark data. Outline a benchmark study using a simple � � Section 2: Predicting the Behaviour of geometric form for the application of Bottom-Founded Structures unsteady RANS codes to wave load � Section 3: Predicting the Behaviour of problems. The study should include Stationary Floating Structures and Ships validation against experimental data � Section 4: Predicting the Behaviour of Dynamically Positioned Ships Develop New Procedures � Section 5: Modelling Waves, Wind and Current 1. Develop a new procedure for the validation � Section 6: Modelling Hydroelasticity and of frequency-domain codes predicting wave Impact loads and responses of offshore structures. � Section 7: Predicting the Behaviour of The work should be carried out in co- Renewable Energy Systems operation with the Seakeeping Committee, � Section 8: New Experimental Techniques and should be based upon the review and � Section 9: Progress in Computational update the work done by the 24th ITTC Fluid Dynamics Ocean Engineering and Seakeeping Committees. Existing Procedures 2. Develop a new procedure for the validation of time-domain codes predicting wave � Section 10 reviews existing documentation loads and responses of offshore structures. relating to: the Laboratory Modelling of The work should be carried out in co- Multidirectional Irregular Wave Spectra operation with the Seakeeping Committee. (7.5-02-07-01.1); Experiments with Offshore Platforms (7.5-02-07-03.1); Scaling Issues in Multiple-Scale Model Model Testing in Regular Waves (7.5-02- Tests Review scaling issues associated with 07-03.2); Turret Tanker Systems (7.5-02- multiple-scale model tests in which, for 07-03.4) and Hybrid Experiments and example, some components become extremely Numerical Simulations (7.5-02-07-03.45) small if proper geometric scaling is used. New Documentation Wind Modelling in Model Basins Identify requirements and carry out a review of wind � Section 11 discusses the validation of modelling in model basins, including the prediction techniques with particular physical modelling, simplified mathematical reference to the necessary attributes of models and flow code analysis. The review numerical and theoretical data suitable for should include scaling problems; validating CFD codes applied to wave inhomogeneous wind fields, turbulence, loading problems. coherence, wind spectra, wind-induced motion � Section 12 discusses new procedures for damping, and waves / wind interaction. validating frequency domain and time domain codes used for predicting the wave loads and responses for offshore structures. � Section 13: Multiple-Scale Model Testing � Section 14: Wind Modelling in Model
Proceedings of 25th ITTC – Volume I 265 Basins. cylinders. These activities encompass a considerable body of work covering a wide Conclusions and Recommendations range of topics. A comprehensive review of the whole is beyond the scope of the present work, � Are presented in Sections 15 and 16 which focusses on a selection of recently respectively. published theoretical/numerical, as well as experimental, research reflecting current Appendix interests. Relatively new arrivals on the scene of bottom founded structures are those � Benchmark data for validating CFD codes. developed as part of the offshore renewable energy infrastructure. 2. BOTTOM-FOUNDED STRUCTURES 2.2 Small Volume Structures 2.1 Introduction Common small volume structures, in addition to jacket structures, include such Bottom founded structures have been examples as jack up platforms, tower-yoke traditionally classified in terms of their mooring systems and a variety of compliant magnitude in relation to the characteristic structures. Fluid loading on structural elements wavelength, λ , of their wave environment, and of such installations is generally computed the associated physical phenomena and using the Morison equation. A recurring theme analytical approaches used to treat them, as in research on small volume structures is the discussed by the previous OEC (ITTC, 2005). search for a replacement for, or development of, Small volume structures are typically the Morison equation. One of the methods used associated with viscous effects, such as flow in the derivation of the Morison force separation, and the Morison equation; large coefficients is the method of moments. volume structures with wave diffraction and However, the coefficients obtained from this potential flow theory. The division between the method can show considerable scatter due to two, and the beginning of the linear diffraction large sampling variability. Najafian (2007) has regime for a vertical circular of diameter D for proposed a more efficient form of the method λ = example, is commonly defined as D 0 . 2 of moments, which reduces the sampling = π or ka 0 . 2 where a is the radius and k the variability. The results using simulated data wave number. The structures to be discussed indicated that the proposed method is superior here will also be loosely divided into small to the conventional one, particularly for the volume structures, such as jacket and jack up case for drag-dominated forces. structures, and large volume structures such as gravity based structures (GBSs). Vertical Cylinders. An ongoing pre- occupation with small volume structures is the Bottom founded structures are the longest interaction of bodies in close proximity in serving offshore, and methods of estimating different flow regimes. Sparboom and their fluid loading are well established. Oumeraci (2006) have added to the body of Experiments carried out today tend to be knowledge by carrying out a series of looking at unusual structures or operational experiments on single vertical and inclined procedures, investigating fundamental fluid cylinders and arrays of cylinders in non- phenomena, and/or for validating newly breaking regular and irregular waves as well as developed theory and numerical codes. In breaking freak waves. They presented researching fluid phenomena, bottom founded maximum wave loads in the context of shelter, structures are often idealised as vertical
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