The neutron Electric Dipole Moment experiment exploring the - PowerPoint PPT Presentation

The neutron Electric Dipole Moment experiment  exploring the low-energy precision frontier Geza Zsigmond on behalf of the nEDM Collaboration Europhysics Conference on HEP, Grenoble, July 21-27 2011 1 G Zsigmond - nEDM Collaboration Europhysics Conference on HEP, Grenoble, July 21-27 2011

The Neutron EDM Collaboration M. Burghoff, S. Knappe-Grüneberg, A. Schnabel, L. Trahms, J. Vogt Physikalisch Technische Bundesanstalt, Berlin G. Ban, Th. Lefort, Y. Lemiere, O. Naviliat-Cuncic, Laboratoire de Physique Corpusculaire, Caen E. Pierre 1 , G. Quéméner Institute of Physics, Jagiellonian University, Cracow K. Bodek, St. Kistryn, G. Wyszynski, J. Zejma A. Kozela Henryk Niedwodniczanski Inst. Of Nucl. Physics, Cracow N. Khomutov Joint Institute of Nuclear Reasearch, Dubna M. Kasprzak, P. Knowles, A. Weis, Z. Grujic Département de physique, Université de Fribourg, Fribourg G. Pignol, D. Rebreyend, S. Roccia Laboratoire de Physique Subatomique et de Cosmologie, Grenoble S. Afach, G. Bison Biomagnetisches Zentrum, Jena N. Severijns Katholieke Universiteit, Leuven C. Plonka-Spehr, J. Zenner 1 Inst. für Kernchemie, Johannes-Gutenberg-Universität, Mainz W. Heil, H.C. Koch, A. Kraft, T. Lauer , D. Neumann, Yu. Sobolev 2 Inst. für Physik, Johannes-Gutenberg-Universität, Mainz Paul Scherrer Institut, Villigen Z. Chowdhuri, M. Daum, M. Fertl 3 , B. Franke 4 , M. Horras 4 , B. Lauss, J. Krempel, A. Mtchedlishvili, P. Schmidt-Wellenburg, G. Zsigmond Eidgenössische Technische Hochschule, Zürich C. Grab, K. Kirch 1 , C. Kittel, A. Knecht, F. Piegsa also at: 1 Paul Scherrer Institut, 2 PNPI Gatchina, 3 Eidgenössische Technische Hochschule , 4 TU München 2 G Zsigmond - nEDM Collaboration Europhysics Conference on HEP, Grenoble, July 21-27 2011

EDM a probe for CP violation σ σ     H B d E σ σ T   σ σ         H B d E σ σ 3 G Zsigmond - nEDM Collaboration Europhysics Conference on HEP, Grenoble, July 21-27 2011

EDM a probe for CP violation A nonzero particle EDM violates T, P and, assuming σ σ     H B d E CPT conservation, also CP. σ σ T   σ σ         H B d E σ σ 4 G Zsigmond - nEDM Collaboration Europhysics Conference on HEP, Grenoble, July 21-27 2011

EDM a probe for CP violation A nonzero particle EDM violates T, P and, assuming σ σ     H B d E CPT conservation, also CP. σ σ → CP violation might help to T explain matter/anti-matter asymmetry (BAU) → Excellent probe for physics beyond the Standard Model   σ σ         H B d E σ σ 5 G Zsigmond - nEDM Collaboration Europhysics Conference on HEP, Grenoble, July 21-27 2011

Previous neutron EDM searches -19 10 Neutron EDM Upper Limit [ e cm] -20 10 ORNL, Harvard MIT, BNL -21 10 LNPI -22 10 Sussex, RAL, ILL -23 10 -24 10 -25 10 -26 10 Supersymmetry predictions -27 10 -28 10 -31 Standardmodel calculations 10 -32 10 1950 1960 1970 1980 1990 2000 2010 2020 Year of Publication Sussex-RAL-ILL | < 2.9 x 10 –26 e cm (90% C.L.) |d n C.A.Baker et al., PRL 97 (2006) 131801 6 G Zsigmond - nEDM Collaboration Europhysics Conference on HEP, Grenoble, July 21-27 2011

Previous neutron EDM searches -19 10 Neutron EDM Upper Limit [ e cm] -20 10 ORNL, Harvard MIT, BNL -21 10 LNPI -22 10 Sussex, RAL, ILL -23 10 -24 10 -25 10 -26 10 Supersymmetry predictions -27 10 -28 10 -31 Standardmodel calculations 10 -32 10 1950 1960 1970 1980 1990 2000 2010 2020 Year of Publication Goal nEDM Collaboration at PSI: Sussex-RAL-ILL | < 5 x 10 -27 e cm (95% C.L.) 2012-2013: |d n | < 2.9 x 10 –26 e cm (90% C.L.) |d n Final (n2EDM): |d n | < 5 x 10 -28 e cm (95% C.L.) C.A.Baker et al., PRL 97 (2006) 131801 7 G Zsigmond - nEDM Collaboration Europhysics Conference on HEP, Grenoble, July 21-27 2011

UCN beamlines at PSI • Source commissioned end of 2010 • Full proton beam (590 MeV, 2.2 mA, 1% duty cycle e.g. 5s/500s)  n nEDM 8 G Zsigmond - nEDM Collaboration Europhysics Conference on HEP, Grenoble, July 21-27 2011

Experiment principle Difference of UCN precession frequencies in parallel/anti-parallel B and E fields:          h Δ d E E μ B B 2 2     n n  d n   for <10 -26 e cm < 60 nHz at 30 Hz 9 G Zsigmond - nEDM Collaboration Europhysics Conference on HEP, Grenoble, July 21-27 2011

Experiment principle Difference of UCN precession frequencies in parallel/anti-parallel B and E fields:          h Δ d E E μ B B 2 2     n n  d n   for <10 -26 e cm < 60 nHz at 30 Hz New: Improved magnetometry  199 Hg + Cs magnetometers 10 G Zsigmond - nEDM Collaboration Europhysics Conference on HEP, Grenoble, July 21-27 2011

Apparatus – main parts High voltage lead Mu-metal shields Precession chamber Electrode (upper) B E E~12 kV/cm B=1  T Magnetic field coils B 0 -correction coils UCN switch Spin analyzer 5T magnet to spin polarize UCNs Neutron detector 11 G Zsigmond - nEDM Collaboration Europhysics Conference on HEP, Grenoble, July 21-27 2011

The Ramsey technique of separated oscillatory fields “Spin up” neutron... B 0 ↑  Apply  /2  t  n B spin 2 rf flip pulse... B 0 ↑ + B rf T  t Free precession at ω L B 0 ↑  Second  /2  t  n B spin 2 rf flip pulse. B 0 ↑ + B rf 12 G Zsigmond - nEDM Collaboration Europhysics Conference on HEP, Grenoble, July 21-27 2011

The Ramsey technique Ramsey resonance curve of separated oscillatory fields Ramsey resonance curve “Spin up” neutron... B 0 ↑  Apply  /2  t  n B spin 2 rf flip pulse... B 0 ↑ + B rf T  t Free  precession   d ( ) Sensitivity: at ω L n  ET N 2 B 0 ↑  Visibility of resonance  Second  /2  t Electric field strength E  n B spin 2 Time of free precession T rf flip pulse. Number of neutrons N B 0 ↑ + B rf 13 G Zsigmond - nEDM Collaboration Europhysics Conference on HEP, Grenoble, July 21-27 2011

The Ramsey technique Ramsey resonance curve of separated oscillatory fields Ramsey resonance curve “Spin up” neutron... B 0 ↑  Apply  /2  t  n B spin 2 rf flip pulse... B 0 ↑ + B rf T  t Free  precession   d ( ) Sensitivity: at ω L n  ET N 2 B 0 ↑  Visibility of resonance  Second  /2  t Electric field strength E  n B spin 2 Time of free precession T rf flip pulse. Number of neutrons N 25x more at PSI B 0 ↑ + B rf 14 G Zsigmond - nEDM Collaboration Europhysics Conference on HEP, Grenoble, July 21-27 2011

nEDM systematic effects Shift (Bak06) σ (Bak06) σ (goal at PSI) Effect [10 -27 e cm] [10 -27 e cm] [10 -27 e cm] Cavity dipole -5.6 2.00 0.10 Other dipole fields 0.0 6.00 0.40 Quadrupole difference -1.3 2.00 0.60 v  E translational 0.0 0.03 0.03 v  E rotational 0.0 1.00 0.10 Second-order v  E 0.0 0.02 0.02  Hg light shift (geo phase) 3.5 0.80 0.40  Hg light shift (direct) 0.0 0.20 0.20 Uncompensated B drift 0.0 2.40 0.90 Hg atom EDM -0.4 0.30 0.06 Electric forces 0.0 0.40 0.40 Leakage currents 0.0 0.10 0.10 ac fields 0.0 0.01 0.01 -3.8 7.2 Total 1.4 C. A. Baker et al., Phys. Rev. Lett 97 (2006) 131801 15 G Zsigmond - nEDM Collaboration Europhysics Conference on HEP, Grenoble, July 21-27 2011

Magnetic field stability    2 d ( )   n α T E N PSI ILL 2×  n ×  (B) < 4×  (d n )×E 16 G Zsigmond - nEDM Collaboration Europhysics Conference on HEP, Grenoble, July 21-27 2011

Prepared for data taking 1 Thermal stabilization Surrounding mag. field compensation 17 G Zsigmond - nEDM Collaboration Europhysics Conference on HEP, Grenoble, July 21-27 2011

Prepared for data taking 1 Thermal stabilization Surrounding mag. field compensation Superconducting magnet polarizer 2 18 G Zsigmond - nEDM Collaboration Europhysics Conference on HEP, Grenoble, July 21-27 2011

Prepared for data taking 3 1 UCN precession chamber HV electrodes Thermal Mu-metal shields stabilization Cs-Magnetometers Surrounding mag. field compensation 4 Superconducting magnet polarizer 2 19 G Zsigmond - nEDM Collaboration Europhysics Conference on HEP, Grenoble, July 21-27 2011

Prepared for data taking 3 1 UCN precession chamber HV electrodes Thermal Mu-metal shields stabilization Cs-Magnetometers Surrounding mag. field compensation 5 4 Superconducting magnet polarizer High rate UCN detection system 2 20 G Zsigmond - nEDM Collaboration Europhysics Conference on HEP, Grenoble, July 21-27 2011