The IR-4 Biopesticide Workshop September 24, 2015 Michael Braverman
Handouts Agenda Biopesticide Workshop 2015 Priorities(By crop) Priorities by discipline (Entomology, Pathology, Weed Sci) Workshop Survey
Celebrating 50 Years! Demonstration IR-4 Biopesticide Grant Program IR-4 Biopesticide Regulatory Co-funded by Grant Assistance Program EPA 2004-2008 Program 1995 1982 Priority Based Grant Program 2014 1983 1993 2003 2014
Voting in Chicago – Priority
Results 2014 Workshop>2015 trials Priority Fruit Organic Ornamental Other Public Health Vegetables #1 Citrus Fireblight / Cryphonectria Varroa mite/ Public Health/ Bacterial greening/ Organic parasitica / Honeybees Mosquitoes Diseases Citrus apples Chestnut Fruiting Veg. - Blight field & GH #2 Spotted wing Weed Botrytis leaf RNAi based Public health/ Downy Mildew / Drosophila/ control/ spot/blight / technologies Bed bugs Basil (field & All crops Organic Bulb cut /All crops GH) crops flowers #3 Brown Mummy Weed Control in Fruit flies / Public Health/ Whitefly, Aphid, Marmorated berry, Nursery Seed & Fruit and Tick Psyllids/GH Stink bug/All Anthracnose Transplant vegetables tomato crops , Alternaria / Beds blueberry #4 Aflatoxin/ Late blight / Turfgrass / Mites, Thrips, Armillaria / Figs Organic Nematodes Aphids and Fruit trees tomato whiteflies / woody vegetables ornamentals
Results 2014 Workshop>2015 trials Viral induced hypovirulence and transgenic Priority Fruit Organic Ornamental Other Public Vegetables OxO Health #1 Citrus Fireblight / Cryphonectria Varroa mite/ Public Health/ Bacterial greening/ Organic parasitica / Honeybees Mosquitoes Diseases Blueberry Citrus apples Chestnut Fruiting Veg. - Caneberry Blight field & GH #2 Spotted wing Weed Botrytis leaf RNAi based Public health/ Downy Mildew / Drosophila/ control/ spot/blight / technologies Bed bugs Basil (field & Clavibacter, All crops Organic Bulb cut flowers /All crops GH) spot and crops Crown gall spec in #3 Brown Mummy Weed Control in Fruit flies / Public Health/ Whitefly, Aphid, Tomato resistant Marmorated berry, Nursery Seed & Fruit and Tick Psyllids/GH Walnut Stink bug/All Anthracnose Transplant Beds vegetables tomato crops , Alternaria / Female self blueberry #4 Aflatoxin/ Late blight / Turfgrass / Armillaria / Mites, Thrips, limiting gene- Figs Organic Nematodes Fruit trees Aphids and Diamondback tomato woody whiteflies / moth ornamentals vegetables
Breakout groups Entomology, Plant Pathology, Weed Science • Should we continue funding the same projects in 2016 that were funded in 2015? • Within the list of priorities has any become a more serious problem that needs more attention? • Are there certain priorities that are of national importance versus regional interest? • Are there any new products that really have a lot of potential to the degree that a particular priority should be ranked higher than others? • Where do resistance problems exist that need alternatives or how to integrate biopesticides, conventional products and cultural practices to manage the pest? • In conclusion, within the groups of Fruit, Organic, Other and Vegetable what are the most important priorities?( Note you can all vote how you choose, this is to facilitate exposure to different opinions and stimulate thought)
2015 Biopesticide Trial Results
Efficacy and Phytotoxicity of Biopesticides for management of Spotted Wing Drosophila (SWD) in blueberry and caneberries Lindsy Iglesias, Ph.D. Student Oscar E. Liburd, Principle Investigator IR ‐ 4 National Pesticide Clearance Biopesticide Efficacy And Performance Protocol
Trial 1: Organic Blueberries • April ‐ May 2015 • RCBD, 4 rep, 12 trt • 4 applications, 7 d interval • Adults and berries sampled weekly – Berries reared for 14 d for emergence • Data analysis – Logist[x+0.2] transformed – Repeated measures, LSD mean separation (JMP 11.1.1, SAS Institute Inc. 2013)
Obj. 1 Results: Berry Infestation Analyzed Using Nonparametric Kruskal ‐ Wallis Rank Sums T est α = 0.95
Trial 1: Treatments *All Products are labeled for organic use # Compound Active Ingredient Rate Notes ‐‐ 1 Untreated ‐‐ 2 Entrust SC Spinosad 6 fl oz/acre Chromobacterium subtsugae 3 Grandevo 3 lb/acre Burkholderia spp. 4 Venerate XC 2 qt/acre Spinosad 5 Entrust SC 6 fl oz/acre T ank Mix C. subtsugae Grandevo 2 lb/acre Spinosad 6 Entrust SC 6 fl oz/acre T ank Mix Burkholderia spp. Venerate XC 2 qt/acre Sabadilla Alkaloids 7 Veratran D Lo 8 lb/acre 8 Veratran D Hi Sabadilla Alkaloids 15 lb/acre 9 Grandevo C. subtsugae 3 lb/acre Rotation OxiDate 2.0 Hydrogen Dioxide, Peroxyacetic Acid 64 fl oz/100 gal H 2 O Burkholderia spp. Venerate XC 2 qts/acre 10 Azera Pyrethrins+azadirachtin 2.5 PT/acre T ank Mix Spinosad Entrust SC 6 fl oz/acre 11 Azera Pyrethrins+azadirachtin 2.5 PT/acre T ank Mix Grandevo C. subtsugae 2 lb/acre 12 Azera Pyrethrins+azadirachtin 2.5 PT T ank Mix Venerate XC Burkholderia spp. 2 qt/acre
Trial 1 Blueberry: Findings • New products found to be effective for control of SWD in organic systems – Oxidate, Veratran D, Grandevo, and Azera • Venerate XC was ineffective • Entrust did not show same level of control as in the past
Trial 2: Conventional Blackberries • June ‐ July 2015 • RCBD, 4 rep, 9 trt • 4 applications, 7 d interval • Adults and berries sampled weekly – Berries reared for 14 d for emergence • Data analysis – Log[x+1] transformed – Repeated measures, LSD mean separation (JMP 11.1.1, SAS Institute Inc. 2013)
Trial 2: Treatments Blackberry *All Products are labeled for organic use # Compound Active Ingredient Rate Notes Spinosad 1 Entrust SC 6 fl oz/acre T ank Mix Veratran D Hi Sabadilla Alkaloids 15 lb/ac 2 Veratran D Hi Sabadilla Alkaloids 15 lb/ac Amorphous Silica Gel 3 Cimexa Lo 5 lb/acre T ank Mix PolyT axi Soap (adjuvant) 26 fl/100 gal water Veratran D Hi Sabadilla Alkaloids 15 lb/ac Amorphous Silica Gel 4 Cimexa Hi 10 lb/acre T ank Mix PolyT axi Soap (adjuvant) 26 fl/100 gal water 5 Entrust SC Spinosad 6 fl oz/acre ‐‐ 6 Untreated ‐‐ 7 Grandevo Chromobacterium subtsugae 3 lb/acre 8 Veratran D Lo Sabadilla Alkaloids 8 lb/acre Amorphous Silica Gel 9 Cimexa Lo 5 lb/acre T ank Mix PolyT axi Soap (adjuvant) 26 fl/100 gal water
Trial 2: Adult Captures by Week Mean SWD Captured per Trap Week 1 Week 2 35 35 30 30 25 25 20 20 a 15 15 a a ab a a 10 10 b b b 5 5 0 0 Week 3 Week 4 Mean SWD Captured per Trap a a 35 35 ab abc 30 30 abc 25 25 bcd 20 20 bcd cd d 15 15 10 10 5 5 0 0 Trade Trade
Trial 2: Findings • New products found to be effective for control of SWD in organic systems – Veratran D, Grandevo* • Cimexa effect on SWD was similar to control • Entrust did not show same level of control as in the past
Conclusions • New compounds – Grandevo, Oxidate, Veratran D, and Azera • Venerate XC was ineffective • Cimexa effect on SWD was similar to control • Entrust did not show same level of control as in the past
CALIFORNIA FIG ADVISORY BOARD ASPERGILLUS FLAVUS AF36 SECTION 18 EMERGENCY EXEMPTION - FOR USE ON DRIED FIGS TO REDUCE AFLATOXIN
Fire Blight, a Devastating Agricultural Disease Spreads quickly in warm and wet weather
Fireblight/Organic Apple Treatment Percent Control Yoder Johnson Sundin Peter FireWall 76.3 2.7 ‐‐ 47 Fire Quencher ‐ 4.7 7.9 9.6 ‐ 1 Blossom Protect + Buffer Protect 36.4 5 5.2 15 Cueva 2 qt 58.7 5.8 19.4 2 Bloomtime 9.6 7.4 27.3 ‐ 8 Blossom Protect + Buffer Protect + Fire Quencher 36.5 2.5 18.5 25 Green=Same antibiotic Yellow >Control Red= Same as Control
Fireblight/Organic Apple Treatment Percent Control Yoder Johnson Sundin Peter Fire Quencher + Cueva or Previsto 18 ‐‐ 17.1 5 Fire Quencher + Bloomtime 1.2 6.8 23.4 2 Serenade Opti + Cueva or Previsto 45.2 2.1 15.1 ‐ 4 Cueva 3 qt 16.7 6.2 ‐‐ ‐‐ Previsto 3 qt. ‐‐ 3.4 ‐‐ ‐‐ Green=Same antibiotic Yellow >Control Red= Same as Control
Diamondback moth Treated Male moths are released to mate with female and pass on a ‘self- limiting’ gene that prevents the female offspring from reaching adulthood. This reduces the number of reproductive females and the pest population in the release area shrinks.. Oxford University Oxitec UK Intrexon USA IR-4 funding Tony Shelton
Pre ‐ registration meeting Crown Gall Resistant Transgenic ‘Paradox’ Walnut Rootstocks Line Transgenic Paradox Wild Type Paradox • Complete suppression • of tumor formation • Rootstock is transgenic (GMO) • Any conventional scion variety (Chandler) Plant Science Dr Dandekar Department
Non Weed density in Walnut -transformed Transformed Brad Hanson UCDavis
Efficacy and product safety of biopesticides for varroa mite management of honey bees Elina L. Niño UC Davis
• Three biopesticides (two dosages of one) being tested in 2015 – Positive control (Apiguard)Thymol – HopGuard II – TPS ‐ 1001 (low and high dose) – Untreated control
Hive Strength Check and Alcohol Wash for Varroa Mite Counts
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