The he Rupp uppin in In Index ex fo for r Im Immigrant - PowerPoint PPT Presentation

The he Rupp uppin in In Index ex fo for r Im Immigrant migrant In Inte tegration gration at the at the Lo Local cal Le Leve vel Ka Karin rin Amit & & Sv Svetlana tlana Chach achas ashvi hvili li-Bolo Bolotin tin Prof. Karin Amit Dr. Svetlana Chachashvili-Bolotin The MA Progra ram in Immigra ration ion & The MA Progra ram in Immigra ration ion & Social al Integrat ation ion (Head) Social al Integrat ation ion and the Dept. of Business s Adminis istra ration ion Ruppin Academic ic Center Ruppin Academic ic Center

Immigrant integration indices Indices of immigrant integration in Israel and other countries mainly address the national level. One of the prominent indices for immigrant integration at the national level in Israel is the Ruppin index . There are no systematic measurements of immigrant integration in Israel at the local-municipal level.

Pres esentation entation ai aim: m: T o su sugg ggest st usi sing ng the Ru Rupp ppin Inde dex x pa parame meter ters s fo for exami minin ning g imm mmigr grant ant integra gration ion at the loca cal level. el. T o pr prese sent nt pr prelim iminar inary y fi findi ding ngs s relate ated d to the integ egrati ation on of f imm mmigr grant ants s in 8 8 ma major r ci cities in Isr srael l co comp mpared d to the nationa onal l level. el. T o di disc scuss ss ch challen lenge ges s related ted to me measu suring ring imm mmigra grant nt integra gration ion at the loca cal leve vel. l.

The he Rup uppin pin In Index ex Par arameter ameters core dimensions of integration are represented in the Ruppin Index Social al Stan anda dard d of f Econom nomic ic Subj bjective ective integr egrat atio ion n - livi ving ng integr egrat atio ion n in integr egrat atio ion Langu guage ge skills lls the labo bor market

Pul ulling ling th the d e dat ata Israeli Central Bureau of Statistics (CBS) Social Survey 2013-2018 N= N=43,354 3,354 Is Israelis elis aged d 20 20+

Th The e CB CBS S So Soci cial al Su Survey vey sp spec ecifies fies infor ormation mation 8 abo bout cities Haifa Netanya T el Aviv-Yaf afo Petah ah Tikva va Rishon on LeZion on Jerus usal alem em Ashdod 30 30% of f the Isr sraeli eli po popu pulation ion resi side des in these se ci cities es (N= N=13,72 724) Beer er-Shev Sheva

St Stud udy y group oups Ideally…  In practice …  Immigr grants nts fr from the Forme rmer Sovie iet t Immigr grants nts fr from the Forme rmer Sovie iet t Unio ion n (FSU) arriving ving after 1990 1990 Unio ion n (FSU) arriving ving after 1990 1990. Immigr grants nts fr from Ethio iopia pia Comparison Immigr grants nts fr from Western rn countr tries ies • Israeli li bo born rn (second ond & third d ge generation tion) ) (ar arri riving ving af after er 1990 1990): Fren ench, h, Engl glish ish + veteran n immigra grants nts (be befo fore 1990 1990) ) and d Spa panish ish spe peakers • Israeli li po popu pulati tion on (Jews s and d Arabs bs)

Des Description cription by cit y cities ies an and groups oups The number of cases of Ethiopian, French, English & Spanish speakers is too low! Israeli born+ French- English- Spanish- FSU Ethiopian Imm. Arabs Total speakers speakers speakers before 1990 176 20 55 125 29 2126 1206 3737 Jerusalem 240 15 16 44 10 2104 71 2500 Tel Aviv-Yafo Haifa 462 18 9 9 6 1093 154 1751 Rishon LeZiyon 274 43 2 5 4 1095 0 1423 307 35 1 4 5 962 2 1316 Petah Tikva 464 30 20 7 8 667 2 1198 Ashdod 294 24 0 1 7 556 11 893 Beer Sheva Netanya 210 35 30 6 6 619 0 906 2427 220 133 201 75 9222 1446 13724 Total

Examining xamining FSU SU imm immigrants igrants in in 8 8 ci cities ties Presenting We prese sent nt th the findings ings only y for FSU SU imm mmigrants igrants. Comparing We compar are e the integ egration ration of FSU SU in 8 8 major or cities ties to: FSU SU imm mmigrant grants T ota tal l Israel eli i Israel eli-bor orn n + Israel eli-bor orn n + at the national populatio lation n at the immig igra rants ts before e immig igra rants ts level national level 1990 0 at the before e 1990 1990 national level at the local level

Fin indings dings FSU Israeli-born + Imm. before 1990 % in the city Age % BA+ % in the city Age % BA+ 4.7% 53.2 65.3% 56.9% 45.2 28.5% Jerusalem 9.6% 45.1 84.2% 47.1 45.0% 48.1% Tel Aviv-Yafo 26.4% 50.8 49.8% 62.4% 51.1 39.5% Haifa 19.3% 49.7 49.6% 77.0% 48.7 25.7% Rishon LeZiyon 23.3% 48.8 47.2% 73.1% 48.7 31.5% Petah Tikva 38.7% 54.3 41.2% 55.7% 45.8 17.7% Ashdod 32.9% 53.3 49.0% 62.3% 45.6 22.5% Beer Sheva 23.2% 53.2 49.0% 68.3% 48.1 24.4% Netanya 13.9% 51.2 45.0% 63.0% 46.9 31.6% National level

The he Rup uppin pin In Index ex Par arameter ameters core dimensions of integration are represented in the Ruppin Index: Social al Stan anda dard d of f Econom nomic ic Subj bjective ective integr egrat atio ion n - livi ving ng integr egrat atio ion n in integr egrat atio ion Langu guage ge skills lls the labo bor market

Social integration- Language skills Hebrew language proficiency: • Hebrew language index (1-5) Reported language proficiency: Speaking, reading & writing • % Speaking very well

FSU U imm mmigrants rants living ing in T el Aviv-Yafo afo have ve th the e highe hest st leve vel of Hebr brew w profic ficiency iency Israeli raeli-bo born rn + Imm. befor ore e 1990 1990 FSU National level 4.9 4.8 4.8 4.8 4.8 4.8 4.8 4.7 4.7 4.3 3.7 3.4 3.4 3.4 3.3 3.3 3.2 3.1 3.0 Jerusalem Tel Aviv- Haifa Rishon Petah Ashdod Beer Sheva Netanya FSU Israeli-born All Israelis Yafo LeZiyon Tikva +Imm. Hebrew Language Index (1-5) Before 90

FSU U imm mmigrants rants living ing in T el Aviv-Yafo afo have ve th the e highe hest st leve vel of Hebr brew w profic ficiency iency Israeli raeli-bo born rn + Imm. befor ore e 90 90 FSU National level 93% 92% 86% 86% 88% 83% 83% 82% 80% 70% 52% 40% 35% 33% 32% 30% 28% 26% 24% Jerusalem Tel Aviv- Haifa Rishon Petah Ashdod Beer Netanya FSU Israeli- All Israelis Yafo LeZiyon Tikva Sheva born +Imm. Before 90 % Speaking Hebrew very well

Standard of living • Family income • Ability to cover expenses • Consumption patterns (domestic help) • Housing density In Z scores compared to the national average (all groups)

The sta Th tandar dard d of living ing of FSU U imm mmigrants ants is lower wer comp mpar ared d to to Is Israeli eli-born born + Im Imm. . befor ore 1990 90 Israeli raeli-bo born rn + Imm. befor ore e 90 90 FSU .66 .53 National level .28 .22 .20 .16 .15 .08 .06 FSU Ashdod Tel Aviv- -.01 Haifa Beer Israeli-born -.01 -.01 -.01 -.03 -.05 Yafo Sheva + Imm. Jerusalem -.08 Rishon Netanya before 90 -.13 LeZiyon Petach -.20 Tikva Standard of living index (compared to all Israelis at the national level Z=0)

Economic integration in the labor market Actual integration in the labor market (employed only) • Wages • PTM (Professional, Technical and Managerial) occupation • Full time vs. part time

The inte Th tegra gration tion in th the e labor or ma market ket of FSU U imm mmigrant ant me men is lower wer comp mpar ared ed to to Is Israel aeli-born born + Im Imm. b . befor fore e 1990 990, , but t is close se to to th the Is Israel aeli i aver erage age Israeli raeli-bo born rn + Imm. befor ore e 90 90 FSU .40 National level .20 0.2 .16 .11 .10 .08 .05 Beer .01 FSU Ashdod Sheva -.01 Netanya Israeli-born Tel Aviv-Yafo Petach Rishon -.04 -.03 Haifa + Imm. Tikva LeZiyon -.08 -.09 -.10 before 90 -.14 Jerusalem -.17 -.26 Actual integration in the labor market- Men FSU (compared to all Israeli (Jews + Arabs) men at the national level Z=0)

Th The inte tegra gration tion in th the e labor or ma market ket of FSU U imm mmigrant ant women men is lower wer comp mpar ared ed to to Is Israeli eli-born born + Im Imm. . befor fore e 1990 990 but t also lower wer th than n th the e Is Israeli eli aver erage age for women men Israeli raeli-bo born rn + Imm. befor ore e 90 90 FSU .40 .23 .21 .18 National level .12 .09 .06 Beer .03 .01 FSU Sheva Ashdod Tel Aviv-Yafo Petach Netanya Israeli-born Rishon Haifa Tikva + Imm. LeZiyon -.07 before 90 -.11 -.11 Jerusalem -.16 -.20 -.21 -.25 -.29 Actual integration in the labor market- Women FSU (compared to all Israeli (Jews + Arabs) women at the national level Z=0)

Subjective integration Are people optimistic about the future? Are they satisfied with their lives?