The biorefinery of household food waste David Bolzonella Department - PowerPoint PPT Presentation

University of Verona, Department of Biotechnology The biorefinery of household food waste David Bolzonella Department of Biotechnology University of Verona NAXOS 2018 1

University of Verona, Department of Biotechnology Economia linea re e circolare NAXOS 2018 2

The role of bioeconomy in the circular economy …. University of Verona, Department of Biotechnology Source Ellen McArtur Foundation NAXOS 2018 3

The role of bioeconomy in the circular economy …. primary biomass and residues/waste University of Verona, Department of Biotechnology Source Ellen McArtur Foundation NAXOS 2018 4

Household food waste : is food and kitchen waste from households, University of Verona, Department of Biotechnology restaurants, caterers and retail premises, and comparable waste from food processing plants. Households markets Restaurants Canteens Food processing byproducts (waste) (seasonal, site specific ….) NAXOS 2018 5

Specific features of household food waste University of Verona, Department of Biotechnology Ubiquitous • • avg. production of 176 kg per person per year (EU ‐ 28) • High carbon content: 250 gCOD per kg (variable), 75% of mass is water • N & P contents at 5 ‐ 6 and 1 ‐ 2 g/kg HFW, respectively • Where segregate collection is implemented a considerable load of («clean») material is available NAXOS 2018 6

University of Verona, Department of Biotechnology Household food waste has the perfect characteristics for bio ‐ processing …. …. if it is separately collected NAXOS 2018 7

University of Verona, Department of Biotechnology University of Verona, Department of Biotechnology Disposal routes for Municipal Waste in Europe Landfilling still dominant …. NAXOS 2018 8

University of Verona, Department of Biotechnology Fo Food Wa Waste and and clim climate chang change (courtesy of David Newman) NAXOS 2018 9

Implementation of different collection strategies …. University of Verona, Department of Biotechnology Big bins in the streets (urban areas) NAXOS 2018 10

University of Verona, Department of Biotechnology Door to door collection (kerbside) NAXOS 2018 11

University of Verona, Department of Biotechnology Separate collection (RD) 455 out of 581 of municipalities in the household food wate Region passed the 65% separate collection treshold Separate collection % NAXOS 2018 12

Presence of inert material in segregated food waste (%) University of Verona, Department of Biotechnology as a function of different collection schemes Door to door Door to door Bins in the Mixed collection Non tourist area Tourist area Street System Percentage of non compostable material into organic waste (2012 ‐ 2013) NAXOS 2018 13

University of Verona, Department of Biotechnology The PRESENT bioeconomy: Compost & biogas (bioenergy, biofuels) NAXOS 2018 14

University of Verona, Department of Biotechnology High quality compost Selling price in the range 3 – 6 € per ton NAXOS 2018 15

University of Verona, Department of Biotechnology Biogas for co ‐ generation of heat and power or biomethane production NAXOS 2018 16

University of Verona, Department of Biotechnology NAXOS 2018 17

University of Verona, Department of Biotechnology The FUTURE bioeconomy: Biobased chemicals, compost, biogas, bioenergy, biofuels, nutrients NAXOS 2018 18

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Household food wate University of Verona, Department of Biotechnology biorefinery  Bio ‐ polymers  Biofuels  Bio ‐ gas ‐ to ‐ liquid Recovery techniques Post Organic + AD Treatments waste Environment Biocatalysis  Bio ‐ polymers  Compost  Bio ‐ plastics  Bio ‐ polymers  High added value  Bio ‐ plastics  High added value chemicals  Nutrients chemicals  Proteins  Nutrients  Proteins NAXOS 2018 20

University of Verona, Department of Biotechnology HFW – to – VFA, H 2 , CH 4 , PHA …. NAXOS 2018 21

University of Verona, Department of Biotechnology 32000 28000 TOTAL VFAs CONCENTRATION (mg/L) 24000 20000 16000 12000 8000 4000 15 30 45 60 75 90 105120135150165180195210225240255270285300315 TIME (d) RUN 1 RUN 3 RUN 4 RUN 2 OLR, 10 OLR, 10 OLR, 21 OLR, 21 pH 5,5 pH 7,0 pH 3,8 pH 5,5 22 NAXOS 2018 22

University of Verona, Department of Biotechnology Fermentation in continuous: RESULTS NAXOS 2018 23

Biogas – to – Liquid University of Verona, Department of Biotechnology Or acetic acid, methanol, ethanol ….. NAXOS 2018 24

Biogas (CH4) – to – Biopolymers (PHB) University of Verona, Department of Biotechnology Source: Newlight NAXOS 2018 25

Digestate – to – Nutrients University of Verona, Department of Biotechnology We need nutrients ! Foto Campi ……. 9 billion people NAXOS 2018 26

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University of Verona, Department of Biotechnology End of waste criteria and specific regulations for waste derived biobased products NAXOS 2018 28

University of Verona, Department of Biotechnology Take home messages: 1. Household food waste is largely available and have suitable characteristics as feedstock for biorefinery platforms but segragate collection is crucial ! 2. We have the (bio)technologies to recovery biobased products, proteins, nutrients, biofuels …….. 3. We need to clearly define end of waste criteria and the safety aspects for these new biobased materials and change the actual regulatory scenario to (effectively !) introduce these materials into the market NAXOS 2018 29