Technical Overview MIRA MIRA 2013 - Pakistan
Outline � Survey of Surveys � MIRA Overview � MIRA Scope � MIRA Tool and Approach � MIRA Data Capture � Sampling � MIRA Key Informant � MIRA Key Informant � Interview Techniques � ToT – Key Points � Use of Satellite Imagery � Use of PDAs � Simulation Exercise ASSESSMENT WORKING GROUP
It doesn’t matter how many resources you have Information is a basic need in humanitarian response If you don’t know how to use them, ASSESSMENT it will never be enough. WORKING GROUP
Survey of Surveys/ Assessment Registry http://pakresponse.org/pak/sos ASSESSMENT WORKING GROUP
MIRA Scope Extent and scale Priorities and needs � Remote Sensing i.e. � C ommunity level assessment � Sample based survey analysis of satellite � Statistically representative to imageries districts � Land scan 2010 for � Distribution is proportionate � Distribution is proportionate population density population density to affected population for � Verification against Tehsils/Talukas government data and local authorities � Post disaster district check list ASSESSMENT WORKING GROUP
MIRA Tool and Approach Tool Approach � Key Informant Interviews Structured interview � (Gender-balanced) Pre-developed questionnaire 1 Male (feeding into analysis framework) 1 Female � Multi-sector coverage � Direct Observation Pre-developed checklist � 1 per site Validate KI Interviews � MIRA District Checklist Pre-disaster district checklist � Post-disaster district checklist (affected Pop and Damages) ASSESSMENT WORKING GROUP
MIRA Data Capture Tool Advantaged Usage Paper-based Require no knowledge of Government questionnaire technology response Easily accepted by Joint response in communities areas of sensitivity sensitivity Digital input Direct data (real-time) input Joint response (PDA/Smart phone – improve quality and technology) effectiveness ASSESSMENT WORKING GROUP
Sampling ASSESSMENT WORKING GROUP
Method of selection and sampling � The sample size is calculated to give results within certain reliability limits (5% margin of errors and 95% confidence level). In MIRA 2012, 5% margin of error and 90% confidence level. � The sample is then distributed among the � The sample is then distributed among the Tehsil/Talukas using PPS (Proportionate to Population Size) sample allocation method. � Sample villages Selection using “Simple Random Selection Method”. ASSESSMENT WORKING GROUP
Sample size calculation formula And Where: � � SS = Sample Size SS = Sample Size � Z = Z value (e.g. 1.96 for 95% confidence level) � p = percentage picking a choice, expressed as decimal (0.5 used for sample size needed) � C = confidence interval, expressed as decimal (e.g., .05 = ±5) � pop= population http://www.surveysystem.com/sscalc.htm ASSESSMENT WORKING GROUP
Sampling of MIRA 2012 NDMA requested the Assessment Working Group (AWG) to assess the following 5 districts: � Rajanpur, Punjab � Jacobabad, Sindh � Kashmore, Sindh � Jafferabad, Balochistan � Naseerabad, Balochistan Sample size: Confidence Planned Planned % Female % Female Assessed Assessed Assessed Assessed Level Level Total Total District Sample KI Men KI Women KI according to Assessed KI Size Assessed assessed sites Rajanpur 119 93 63 80% 156 40% Jacobabad 174 115 85 80% 200 43% Kashmore 129 115 53 85% 168 32% Jafferabad 151 127 78 90% 205 38% Naseerabad 73 73 20 95% 93 22% Total 646 523 299 86% 822 36% Due to accessibility issues all the sampled sites could not be assessed, however, this will not effect the results significantly. ASSESSMENT WORKING GROUP
MIRA Key Informant ASSESSMENT WORKING GROUP
MIRA Key Informant selection 1 Male and 1 Female per Site � Careful identification of Key Informants � The choice of Key Informants affects the result of the survey � Selection criteria for Key Informants � Knowledgeable of a wide range of issues: Population profile and figures, security/access, sector information � Example of roles: Community leader, leader of women’s group, � Example of roles: Community leader, leader of women’s group, religious leader, teacher, Lady health worker/Dai religious leader, teacher, Lady health worker/Dai � Female key informants should not conveniently be female members of the male key informants rather identify a strong female key informant while selecting male key informant � Key Informant is representing the community including disadvantage groups � Minorities, extremely poor, displaced, etc. ASSESSMENT WORKING GROUP
MIRA Key Informant Interviews � The assessment relies on the Key Informant to provide an overview of priorities and needs in community � One Male and One Female Key informant interview will be conducted from each sample community � A Key Informant can consist of more than one person � A Key Informant can consist of more than one person � Responses recorded as consensus of people represented � The Key Informant should be objective and impartial, representing the needs of ALL population ASSESSMENT WORKING GROUP
Interview Techniques ASSESSMENT WORKING GROUP
Interview Do’s � Pay attention in the choice of the key informant , balancing time available good choice of respondent, gender and diversity considerations � Establish contact first by introducing yourself, team and organization (wear official the tags, if available) � Describe the objectives of the interview/assessment , Describe the objectives of the interview/assessment , the expected length, the collection method (e.g. PDA) � Request informed consent for conducting interview ASSESSMENT WORKING GROUP
Interview Do’s � Hold the interview in a place that put the respondent(s) at ease � Respect the local customs, behaviors and beliefs. � Show empathy and friendly behavior, establish rapport and inspire confidence and trust � Speak clearly and repeat the question if necessary � Speak clearly and repeat the question if necessary � Avoid using humanitarian acronyms', always spell the names or the concept (including MIRA) � Listen carefully , record data properly � Do not presume, do not assume the meaning of an answer, ask politely to repeat ASSESSMENT WORKING GROUP
Interview Do’s � Pace yourself according to the time allotted for the interview � Note down your own observations about the process and content of the interview if you feel necessary � Go through all questions , check before the end � Go through all questions , check before the end � If key protection risks are expressed , refer them confidentially to Protection colleagues for appropriate and confidential follow up. � Thank the participant for making his or her time available ASSESSMENT WORKING GROUP
Interview Don'ts � Don’t use judgmental tones that may influence responses � Don’t show non-serious attitude, maintain a professional tone � Don’t read immediately all the possible answers of � Don’t read immediately all the possible answers of the multi-response questions, let the respondent talk and note � Don’t try to influence the responses in any way � Avoid arguing with the respondent � Let the respondent articulate his/her response ASSESSMENT WORKING GROUP
Interview don'ts � Don’t get stuck on a question � Do not argue with a team member about a question or questioning method � If the KI is uncomfortable with the questions, do not insist they answer insist they answer � Don’t create expectations about future humanitarian support and promises you cannot keep � Don’t prevent respondents from asking you questions at the end of the interview ASSESSMENT WORKING GROUP
ToT – Key Points ASSESSMENT WORKING GROUP
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