TAR GUIDELINE A STA N D A R D METH O D FOR SA MPLING AN D AN ALYSIS - PowerPoint PPT Presentation

TAR GUIDELINE A STA N D A R D METH O D FOR SA MPLING AN D AN ALYSIS OF TARS A N D PARTICLES IN BIOM A SS PRO D U CER G ASES J .P .A . Nee f t(ECN / Novem) , S .V . B. van Paasen (ECN) , H.A .M. Knoe f and G . J . Bu f f i nga ( BTG) , U . Z i e l ke ( DTI ) , K. S jös t röm and C. B rage (KTH) , P . Has l e r(Ve renum) , P .A . S ime l land M. Suoma la inen (VTT) , M.A . Dor r i ng ton and L . Thomas ( EMC) Sponso red by

Conten t s • A im o f th i s p r esen ta t i on • In t roduc t i on • Out l i ne o f t he Gu ide l i ne • Def i n i t i on o f t a r • Use i n p rac t i c e and s tanda r d i sa t i on • Conc lus i ons and acknow ledgement • Di scuss i on

Aim of t his p resen ta t ion 1 .Presen t p roj e c t “Ta r P r o toco l ” 2 .S ta r t d i s cus s i on on ques t i ons ‘ do we have to de f i n e the word “ t a r ” ? ’ ‘ do we need a P ro toco l , Gu ide l i n e o r S tanda rd ? ’ Discuss i ons w i l l con t i n ue ton igh t i n Expe r t Meet i ng (19 .00 - 22 .00 , same room) Resu l t s w i l l be p resen t ed i n Sess i on O2J (F r i day morn ing , 10 .00 - 11 .00 )

In t roduc t ion - P ro je c t “Tar Pro toco l” Pro jec t was execu ted by 17 pa r tne r s f r om Europe and No r th -Amer i ca : Cont r ac t or s Re vi e we r s BTG DTI The Ne t he r l ands Ener ke m Ca na da De nm a r k NREL USA K TH Lur gi Ge r many Swe de n ECN TUV Aus t r i a The Ne t he r l ands UCL Bel gi um Ve r e num Swi t z e r l and UCM Spa i n NTUA Gr e e c e VTT CRE Fi nl and Uni t e d Ki ngdom CI RAD Fr anc e TPS Swe de n FW EO Y Fi nl and

In t roduc t ion - P ro je c t “Tar Pro toco l” A im o f the p r o jec t i s t o : (1 ) Deve lop a Gu ide l i ne : - Desc r i b i ng necessa ry equ ipment and p rocedures f or samp l i ng - , pos t - s amp l i ng - and ana l y s i s o f t a r s - Su i t ab l e fo r measu rement o f t a r s a t a l l r e l evan t cond i t i ons (0 - 9 00°C; 0 .9 - 60 ba r s ) and concen t r a t i ons mg/m 3 g/m 3 (1 n - 100 n ) - S imu l taneous measurement o f par t i c l e s and soot (2 ) D i s sem ina te the Gu idel i ne t o become a wor ld -w ide accep ted s tanda rd measu rement method

In t roduc t ion - P ro je c t “Tar Pro toco l” We renamed the P ro toco l i n to “Gu ide l i ne ” as : Pro toco l = Outcome of two Work i ng Groups (1998) Guide l ine = Method to be recom m ended and bas i s f o r compar i son , no th ing mor e and no t h ing l e s s ( s e e l a t e r ) Standard = Method to be app roved by ce r t i f i ca t i on i n s t i t u te ( e . g . CEN) .

Out l ine of the Guide l ine The Gu ide l i ne i s a modu la r me thod : P T Pr obe Pa r t i c l e f i l t e r Fl ow ( he a t e d) �������������� ��������� ������������������� i ndi c a t or �������������� ��������� ������������������� �������������� ��������� ������������������� Vol um e f l ow m e t e r ���������������������������� ��� Li qui d ���������������������������� ��� que nc h Pi t ot t ube s Pum p Li qui d c i r c ul a t i on pum p Ba c kup a ds or be r �������� 1 2 3 4 5 6 W a t e r ba t h Sa l t a nd i c e ( T = 20 ° C) ba t h Ga s wa s hi ng bot t l e s ( T = - 20 ° C)

Out l ine of the Guide l ine F igu re o f s amp l i ng t r a i n

Out l ine of the Guide l ine Samp led ta r s onimp inge r bo t t l e s

Out l ine of Guide l ine - R&D Resu l t s Ma in R&D resu l t s a re : • Aeroso l f o rmat i on i s a ma jo r prob l em in t a r s amp l i ng Resu l t i s i n comp le te t a r co l l e c t i on => a l i qu id so l ven t i s needed • Se lec t i on o f l i q u ids gave 4 cand ida tes DCM, e thano l a nd 1 -methoxypropano l have di s advan tages => i sop ropanoli s an app rop r i a te and the se l ec ted so l ven t • Even w i th a so l ven t , quan t i t a t i ve co l l e c t i on i s no t obv ious => samp l i ng t r a i n mus t be c a re fu l l y des igned Imp . T ra in t emp. : 4 x +20°C 2x -20°C + a qua r t z f i l t e r o r f r i t s CONCLUSION: A Gu ide l i ne ensu res good samp l i ng and ana l y s i s p rocedur e s ove r a w ide r ange o f cond i t i ons

Out l ine of Guide l ine - R&D Resu l t s Tar s a re f o und i n s i x t h imp inge rbo t t l e as we l l a s a f te rt hei mpinge rt r a in Percent of tar amount in the numbered impinge 43 40 35 30 total tar, % Test 1 Test 2 20 18 14 14 12 12 12 11 10 9 9 10 0 1. bot t l e 2. bot t l e 3. bot t l e 4. bot t l e 5. bot t l e 6. bot t l e Y - a x i s : S um o f t a r c omp o u n d s m e a s u r e d b y GC u p t o p y r e n e . ) Ta r s c o l l e c t e d i n 1 -Me t h o x y - 2 - p r o p a n o l a t 0 °C ( 1 - 4 ) a n d - 7 0 ° ( 5 - 6