T opic: Relationship between water flow rate and animal species
Variables Controlled variables:water depth , light intensity,river bed substrate composition,temperature Dependent variables :animal species , abundance of individuals,adaptions to water flow Independent variable: water flow rate
Hypothesis 1.Water flow rate increase------Number of species increases. Because higher water flow rate --------more dissolved oxygen and more food 2.higher water flow rate ----more organism with special adaptive structure.
Materials and methods For controlled variables : 1.water depth: select areas with similar depth by using ruler 2.light intensity : select areas with similar depth by using light meter.3.water temperature :by using digital thermometer For independent variable :measure the water flow rate using water flow meter Methods to record : Use quadrat sampling method to observe the species and population density of animals. ......
Results 1 2 3 4 Water flow 0.02 0.11 0.25 0.36 rate T emperatu 22.6 21.1 21.7 22 re Depth 7.4 7.5 7.5 7.6 Light 9000 9000 10000 9000 intensity
R 1 2 3 4 e s u l t s Viviparous snail ⽯矴⽥由螺 36 30 2 0 Large stream snail 海南捲螺 0 2 1 10 Water skater ⽔氵⿌黾 0 0 6 2 Water penny ⽔氵錢 0 0 1 13 Stonefly nymph ⽯矴⿌黾若蟲 0 2 0 2 Dragonfly nymph 蜻蜓若蟲 0 3 1 0 Canton bee shrimp 廣東⽶籴蝦 0 1 0 0 Sucker belly laoch ⿆麦⽒氐擬腹泥 0 0 0 2 鰍 Damselfly nymph ⾖豇娘若蟲 0 0 1 1
analysis/summary Quadrat 4----- highest flow rate ----- highest number of species ----more oxygen and food Quadrat 4----- more species with adaptive feature eg.streamlined,suckers-----to prevent being washed away Higher water flow rate ----less viviparous snails
The end-
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