BWC CONVENTION ON THE PROHIBITION OF UNITED NATIONS UNITED NATIONS THE DEVELOPMENT, PRODUCTION AND IMPLEMENTATION STOCKPILING OF BACTERIOLOGICAL OFFICE FOR DISARMAMENT AFFAIRS SUPPORT UNIT OFFICE FOR DISARMAMENT AFFAIRS (BIOLOGICAL) AND TOXIN WEAPONS AND ON THEIR DESTRUCTION The Biological Weapons Convention IMPLEMENTATION Implementation Support Unit SUPPORT UNIT Biological Weapons Convention This presentation is based upon the authors opinions and does not necessarily represent the views of the Implementation Support Unit, the Office for Disarmament Affairs or the United Nations.
BWC CONVENTION ON THE PROHIBITION OF UNITED NATIONS UNITED NATIONS THE DEVELOPMENT, PRODUCTION AND IMPLEMENTATION STOCKPILING OF BACTERIOLOGICAL OFFICE FOR DISARMAMENT AFFAIRS SUPPORT UNIT OFFICE FOR DISARMAMENT AFFAIRS (BIOLOGICAL) AND TOXIN WEAPONS AND ON THEIR DESTRUCTION OVERVIEW 1. The Treaty FACTS & FIG FACTS & FIGURES URES KEY PROVISIONS KEY PROVISIONS HISTORY HI STORY ONGOI ONGOING E NG EFFORT RTS 2. Current Status ANNUAL MEETI AN NUAL MEETINGS THE ISU THE ISU PRO PROGRESS RESS IMPLEMENTATION BIO BIORISK SPECTRUM ISK SPECTRUM 3. The Context NOT LIKE THE REST T LIKE THE REST NETWORKED APPRO NETWO KED APPROAC ACH SUPPORT UNIT COL COLLECTI CTIVE S E SECURI CURITY TY 4. Why join? STRENG STRENGTHENIN ENING HEALTH CAPAC HEALTH CAPACITY TY THE WIN / WIN OPTION THE WIN / WIN OPTION 5 June 2008 Building Stakeholdership in Support of Malawi's Ratification of the BWC 2
BWC CONVENTION ON THE PROHIBITION OF UNITED NATIONS UNITED NATIONS THE DEVELOPMENT, PRODUCTION AND IMPLEMENTATION STOCKPILING OF BACTERIOLOGICAL OFFICE FOR DISARMAMENT AFFAIRS SUPPORT UNIT OFFICE FOR DISARMAMENT AFFAIRS (BIOLOGICAL) AND TOXIN WEAPONS AND ON THEIR DESTRUCTION THE TREATY – FACTS & FIGURES Convention on the Prohibition of the Development, Production and Stockpiling of Bacteriological (Biological) and Toxin Weapons and on their Destruction • Entered into force in 1975 IMPLEMENTATION • 161 States Parties • 14 Signatories SUPPORT UNIT • 20 States not party • Depositories: Russia, UK, USA 5 June 2008 Building Stakeholdership in Support of Malawi's Ratification of the BWC 3
BWC CONVENTION ON THE PROHIBITION OF UNITED NATIONS UNITED NATIONS THE DEVELOPMENT, PRODUCTION AND IMPLEMENTATION STOCKPILING OF BACTERIOLOGICAL OFFICE FOR DISARMAMENT AFFAIRS SUPPORT UNIT OFFICE FOR DISARMAMENT AFFAIRS (BIOLOGICAL) AND TOXIN WEAPONS AND ON THEIR DESTRUCTION THE TREATY – KEY PROVISIONS Article I Never under any circumstances to acquire or retain biological weapons Article II To destroy or divert to peaceful purposes biological weapons and associated resources prior to joining Article III Not to transfer, or in any way assist, encourage or induce anyone else to acquire or retain biological weapons Article IV To take any national measures necessary to implement the provisions of the BWC domestically IMPLEMENTATION Article V To consult bilaterally and multilaterally to solve any problems with the implementation of the BWC Article VI To request the UN Security Council to investigate alleged breaches of the BWC and to comply with its subsequent decisions SUPPORT UNIT Article VII To assist States which have been exposed to a danger as a result of a violation of the BWC Article X To do all of the above in a way that encourages the peaceful uses of biological science and technology 5 June 2008 Building Stakeholdership in Support of Malawi's Ratification of the BWC 4
BWC CONVENTION ON THE PROHIBITION OF UNITED NATIONS UNITED NATIONS THE DEVELOPMENT, PRODUCTION AND IMPLEMENTATION STOCKPILING OF BACTERIOLOGICAL OFFICE FOR DISARMAMENT AFFAIRS SUPPORT UNIT OFFICE FOR DISARMAMENT AFFAIRS (BIOLOGICAL) AND TOXIN WEAPONS AND ON THEIR DESTRUCTION THE TREATY – HISTORY (1) • Review Conferences every five years (1980, 1986, 1991, 1996, 2001, 2006 – next one in 2011) • Confidence-building Measures (CBMs) introduced 1986, expanded 1991 • VEREX group established 1991 to examine IMPLEMENTATION verification possibilities • Special Conference in 1994 establishes Ad Hoc SUPPORT UNIT Group to negotiate protocol • Ad Hoc Group negotiations end in failure in 2001; Fifth Review Conference suspended 5 June 2008 Building Stakeholdership in Support of Malawi's Ratification of the BWC 5
BWC CONVENTION ON THE PROHIBITION OF UNITED NATIONS UNITED NATIONS THE DEVELOPMENT, PRODUCTION AND IMPLEMENTATION STOCKPILING OF BACTERIOLOGICAL OFFICE FOR DISARMAMENT AFFAIRS SUPPORT UNIT OFFICE FOR DISARMAMENT AFFAIRS (BIOLOGICAL) AND TOXIN WEAPONS AND ON THEIR DESTRUCTION THE TREATY – HISTORY (2) FIFTH REVIEW CONFERENCE MEETING OF 2003 – 2005 Intersessional Process EXPERTS IMPLEMENTATION SIXTH REVIEW CONFERENCE MEETING OF 2007 – 2010 Intersessional Process SUPPORT UNIT STATES PARTIES SEVENTH REVIEW CONFERENCE 5 June 2008 Building Stakeholdership in Support of Malawi's Ratification of the BWC 6
BWC CONVENTION ON THE PROHIBITION OF UNITED NATIONS UNITED NATIONS THE DEVELOPMENT, PRODUCTION AND IMPLEMENTATION STOCKPILING OF BACTERIOLOGICAL OFFICE FOR DISARMAMENT AFFAIRS SUPPORT UNIT OFFICE FOR DISARMAMENT AFFAIRS (BIOLOGICAL) AND TOXIN WEAPONS AND ON THEIR DESTRUCTION CURRENT STATUS – ONGOING EFFORTS • 2006 RevCon overcame past divisions • Created 2007 – 2010 intersessional process • Implementation Support Unit (ISU) • Action plan for universalization • Improving national implementation IMPLEMENTATION • Improved CBM information exchange process SUPPORT UNIT • Enhancing provision of assistance • Building national contact point network 5 June 2008 Building Stakeholdership in Support of Malawi's Ratification of the BWC 7
BWC CONVENTION ON THE PROHIBITION OF UNITED NATIONS UNITED NATIONS THE DEVELOPMENT, PRODUCTION AND IMPLEMENTATION STOCKPILING OF BACTERIOLOGICAL OFFICE FOR DISARMAMENT AFFAIRS SUPPORT UNIT OFFICE FOR DISARMAMENT AFFAIRS (BIOLOGICAL) AND TOXIN WEAPONS AND ON THEIR DESTRUCTION CURRENT STATUS – 2007 TO 2010 ANNUAL MEETINGS BIOSAFETY & BIOSECURITY OVERSIGHT, EDUCATION & OUTREACH RESPONSE TO USE OR THREAT OF USE IMPLEMENTATION 2007 2007 2008 2008 2009 2009 2010 2010 SUPPORT UNIT NATIONAL IMPLEMENTATION CAPACITY BUILDING FOR DISEASE SURVEILLANCE, DETECTION, REGIONAL ACTIVITIES DIAGNOSIS, AND CONTAINMENT 5 June 2008 Building Stakeholdership in Support of Malawi's Ratification of the BWC 8
BWC CONVENTION ON THE PROHIBITION OF UNITED NATIONS UNITED NATIONS THE DEVELOPMENT, PRODUCTION AND IMPLEMENTATION STOCKPILING OF BACTERIOLOGICAL OFFICE FOR DISARMAMENT AFFAIRS SUPPORT UNIT OFFICE FOR DISARMAMENT AFFAIRS (BIOLOGICAL) AND TOXIN WEAPONS AND ON THEIR DESTRUCTION CURRENT STATUS – THE ISU The Implementation Support Unit: • Created in 2006 • Housed in UN Office for Disarmament Affairs • Has only three members • Mandate: IMPLEMENTATION – provisions of administrative support – CBMs SUPPORT UNIT – national implementation, and – universalization • Helps States Parties help themselves 5 June 2008 Building Stakeholdership in Support of Malawi's Ratification of the BWC 9
BWC CONVENTION ON THE PROHIBITION OF UNITED NATIONS UNITED NATIONS THE DEVELOPMENT, PRODUCTION AND IMPLEMENTATION STOCKPILING OF BACTERIOLOGICAL OFFICE FOR DISARMAMENT AFFAIRS SUPPORT UNIT OFFICE FOR DISARMAMENT AFFAIRS (BIOLOGICAL) AND TOXIN WEAPONS AND ON THEIR DESTRUCTION CURRENT STATUS – PROGRESS 155 159 161 119 119 84 IMPLEMENTATION 56 65 51 States Parties 52 63 SUPPORT UNIT States Parties in NID 0 CBMs 2006 Contact Points 2007 2008 5 June 2008 Building Stakeholdership in Support of Malawi's Ratification of the BWC 10
BWC CONVENTION ON THE PROHIBITION OF UNITED NATIONS UNITED NATIONS THE DEVELOPMENT, PRODUCTION AND IMPLEMENTATION STOCKPILING OF BACTERIOLOGICAL OFFICE FOR DISARMAMENT AFFAIRS SUPPORT UNIT OFFICE FOR DISARMAMENT AFFAIRS (BIOLOGICAL) AND TOXIN WEAPONS AND ON THEIR DESTRUCTION THE CONTEXT – BIORISK SPECTRUM (1) Natural Unintended Vandalism, Deliberate disease Accidents Negligence consequences sabotage use of BW outbreak IMPLEMENTATION WHO BWC SUPPORT UNIT “We must look at [the BWC] as part of an interlinked array of tools, designed to deal with an interlinked array of problems” – Kofi Annan, 2006 5 June 2008 Building Stakeholdership in Support of Malawi's Ratification of the BWC 11
BWC CONVENTION ON THE PROHIBITION OF UNITED NATIONS UNITED NATIONS THE DEVELOPMENT, PRODUCTION AND IMPLEMENTATION STOCKPILING OF BACTERIOLOGICAL OFFICE FOR DISARMAMENT AFFAIRS SUPPORT UNIT OFFICE FOR DISARMAMENT AFFAIRS (BIOLOGICAL) AND TOXIN WEAPONS AND ON THEIR DESTRUCTION THE CONTEXT – BIORISK SPECTRUM (2) Global Global Influenza Accidental spread Biological Pandemic of Ebola Warfare IMPACT IMPACT Rinderpest Accidental Bioterrorism Outbreak in Anthrax IMPLEMENTATION Free area Outbreak Individual Individual My last cold Infecting myself Biocrime SUPPORT UNIT with a cold Natural Nat ral Accidental ccidental Deliberate eliberate BIORISK BIORISK 5 June 2008 Building Stakeholdership in Support of Malawi's Ratification of the BWC 12
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