Supplemental P Poverty M Measure: 2 2018 September 2019 URL: http://www.census.gov/newsroom/press-kits/2019/income-poverty.html
Presen enter er Liana E. Fox Statistician Social, Economic, and Housing Statistics Division
High ghligh ghts ts The Supplemental Poverty Measure (SPM) rate in • 2018 was 12.8 percent. This is not statistically different from the 2017 SPM rate of 13.0 percent. The SPM rate for 2018 was 1.0 percentage points • higher than the official poverty rate of 11.8 percent. There were 15 states plus the District of Columbia • for which SPM rates were higher than official poverty rates, 24 states with lower rates, and 11 states for which the differences were not statistically significant. Source: U.S. Census Bureau, Current Population Survey, 2018 and 2019 Annual Social and Economic Supplements. SPM-1
Official a and SP SPM Thresholds f for U Units with Two Adults and T Two C Children Supplem emen ental P Pover erty M Mea easure Supplemental P Poverty M Measure T Thresholds f for R Renters, 2 2018 Thresholds, 2 2018 $28,342 $28,166 $25,465 $24,173 Offic icia ial Owners Owners Ren enter ers poverty wit ith a a wit ithout a a measu sure mortgage ge mortgage ge Source: Official Poverty Thresholds, <www.census.gov/data/tables/time-series/demo/income-poverty/historical- poverty-thresholds.html>, Supplemental Poverty Measure Thresholds, Bureau of Labor Statistics (BLS), <https://stats.bls.gov/pir/spmhome.htm>, Geographic adjustments based on housing costs from the American SPM-2 Community Survey 2012-2016.
Com omparison on o of SPM P Pov overty Estimates: 2017 017 and 2018 018 (In Percent) 2017 2018 14.2 13.7 13.6 13.6 13.0 12.8 12.4 12.2 All People Under 18 18 to 64 65 years years years and older Source: U.S. Census Bureau, Current Population Survey, 2018 and 2019 Annual Social and Economic Supplements. SPM-3
Comparison o of SPM a and Official P Poverty Estimates: 2018 Official 1 (In Percent) SPM 16.2 13.7 13.6 12.8 12.2 11.8 10.7 9.7 All People Under 18 18 to 64 65 years years years and older 1 Includes unrelated individuals under age 15. Source: U.S. Census Bureau, Current Population Survey, 2019 Annual Social and Economic Supplement. SPM-4
Poverty Rat ates es U Usin ing t the O e Offic icial al M Mea easure e and t the e SPM: 2009 to 201 200 2018 Percent 18 SPM 15.1 16 12.8 14 Official 1 14.5 12 11.8 10 8 6 4 2 0 2009 2010 2011 2012 2013 2014 2015 2016 2017 2018 1 Includes unrelated individuals under the age of 15. Note: The data for 2017 and beyond reflect the implementation of an updated processing system. The data for 2013 and SPM-5 beyond reflect the implementation of the redesigned income questions. Source: U.S. Census Bureau, Current Population Survey, 2010-2019 Annual Social and Economic Supplements.
Differ erence i e in Pover erty R Rates es b by State U e Using the O e Official M Measure e and t the SP SPM: 3 3-Year A Average 2 2016 t 016 to 2 2018 018 1 Includes unrelated individuals under age 15. Source: U.S. Census Bureau, Current Population Survey, 2017 to 2019 Annual Social and SPM-6 Economic Supplements.
Change in Number o of People i in Poverty A After Including Each Element: 2018 018 Under 18 years 18 to 64 years 65 years and over Numbers i s in m millions Social Security -27.2 Refundable tax credits -8.9 .9 SNAP -3.2 .2 SSI -2.9 .9 Housing subsidies -3.0 .0 Child support received -0.8 .8 School lunch -1.4 .4 TANF/general assistance -0.4 .4 Unemployment insurance -0.4 .4 LIHEAP -0.2 .2 Workers' compensation -0.1 .1 WIC -0.3 .3 Child support paid 0.3 Federal income tax 1.2 FICA 4.8 Work expenses 5.7 Medical expenses 8.0 Source: U.S. Census Bureau, Current Population Survey, 2019 Annual Social and Economic Supplement. SPM-7
Change in Number o of People i in Poverty A After Including Each Element: 2018 018 Under 18 years 18 to 64 years 65 years and over Numbers i s in m millions Social S Security -27.2 Refundable tax credits -8.9 .9 SNAP -3.2 .2 SSI -2.9 .9 Housing subsidies -3.0 .0 Child support received -0.8 .8 School lunch -1.4 .4 TANF/general assistance -0.4 .4 Unemployment insurance -0.4 .4 LIHEAP -0.2 .2 Workers' compensation -0.1 .1 WIC -0.3 .3 Child support paid 0.3 Federal income tax 1.2 FICA 4.8 Work expenses 5.7 Medical expenses 8.0 Source: U.S. Census Bureau, Current Population Survey, 2019 Annual Social and Economic Supplement. SPM-7
Change in Number o of People i in Poverty A After Including Each Element: 2018 018 Under 18 years 18 to 64 years 65 years and over Numbers i s in m millions Social Security -27.2 Refundabletax c credits ts -8.9 .9 SNAP -3.2 .2 SSI -2.9 .9 Housing subsidies -3.0 .0 Child support received -0.8 .8 School lunch -1.4 .4 TANF/general assistance -0.4 .4 Unemployment insurance -0.4 .4 LIHEAP -0.2 .2 Workers' compensation -0.1 .1 WIC -0.3 .3 Child support paid 0.3 Federal income tax 1.2 FICA 4.8 Work expenses 5.7 Medical expenses 8.0 Source: U.S. Census Bureau, Current Population Survey, 2019 Annual Social and Economic Supplement. SPM-7
Change in Number o of People i in Poverty A After Including Each Element: 2018 018 Under 18 years 18 to 64 years 65 years and over Numbers i s in m millions Social Security -27.2 Refundable tax credits -8.9 .9 SNAP AP -3.2 .2 SSI -2.9 .9 Housing subsidies -3.0 .0 Child support received -0.8 .8 School lunch -1.4 .4 TANF/general assistance -0.4 .4 Unemployment insurance -0.4 .4 LIHEAP -0.2 .2 Workers' compensation -0.1 .1 WIC -0.3 .3 Child support paid 0.3 Federal income tax 1.2 FICA 4.8 Work expenses 5.7 Medical expenses 8.0 Source: U.S. Census Bureau, Current Population Survey, 2019 Annual Social and Economic Supplement. SPM-7
Change in Number o of People i in Poverty A After Including Each Element: 2018 018 Under 18 years 18 to 64 years 65 years and over Numbers i s in m millions Social Security -27.2 Refundable tax credits -8.9 .9 SNAP -3.2 .2 SSI -2.9 .9 Housing subsidies -3.0 .0 Child support received -0.8 .8 School lunch -1.4 .4 TANF/general assistance -0.4 .4 Unemployment insurance -0.4 .4 LIHEAP -0.2 .2 Workers' compensation -0.1 .1 WIC -0.3 .3 Child support paid 0.3 Federal income tax 1.2 FICA 4.8 Work expenses 5.7 Medical e expenses 8.0 Source: U.S. Census Bureau, Current Population Survey, 2019 Annual Social and Economic Supplement. SPM-7
For m mor ore i infor formation on: <https://www.census.gov/library/publications/2019/demo/p60-268.html> • The Supplemental Poverty Measure: 2018 • SPM Poverty Thresholds • America Counts: Stories Behind the Numbers “Supplemental Poverty Measure Shows • State-Level Impact of Food Stamps” SPM-8
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