Students with Disabilities ORL Professional Staff Training 2016 Dan Darkow Symmes and Miami Inn ARD
Presentation Outline 1. Rehabilitation Act of 1973, Section 504 2. ADA Overview 3. What is Disability? 4. Two Main Models of Disability 5. The Great Debate 6. Disability Stereotypes 7. The Animals 8. Supporting SWD / Ally Behavior 9. Inclusive Programming 10. Miami SDS Bonus: Pro Devo for your staff!
Section 504 -Rehabilitation Act of 1973 “No otherwise qualified individual with a disability in the United States, as defined in section 705(20) of this title, shall, solely by reason of her or his disability, be excluded from the participation in, be denied the benefits of, or be subjected to discrimination under any program or activity receiving Federal financial assistance…”
Americans with Disabilities Act Became law in 1990 ● A civil rights law that prohibits discrimination against individuals with ● disabilities in all areas of public life, including jobs, schools, transportation, and all public and private places that are open to the general public The ADA gives civil rights protections to individuals with disabilities similar ● to those provided to individuals on the basis of race, color, sex, national origin, age, and religion It guarantees equal opportunity for individuals with disabilities in public ● accommodations, employment, transportation, state and local government services, and telecommunications In 2008, the Americans with Disabilities Act Amendments Act (ADAAA) was ● signed into law- significant changes to the definition of “disability”
ADA Summary - Major Components Civil Rights Protection- anti-discrimination ● Defines “disability” ● Establishes right to ask for information about disability ● Supports “reasonable accommodations”, auxiliary aids and services ●
What is Disability (legally)? A physical or mental impairment that substantially limits a major life ● activity A record of such an impairment ● Being regarded as having such an impairment ● Impairment: an injury, illness or congenital condition that causes or is likely to cause a loss or difference of physiological or psychological function Disability: the loss of limitation or opportunities to take part in society on an equal level with others due to social and environmental barriers
What is Disability (in our world)? Physical Disabilities ● Those one can see ○ Invisible Disabilities ● Those one cannot see ○ Possible signs: unable to hold concentration/focus, difficulty with certain academic fields ○ of study, withdrawnness, continued struggling, lack of social skills, etc.
Disability Types ● Attention-Deficit/ ● Medical Disabilities Hyperactivity Disorders ● Physical Disabilities ● Blindness or Low Vision ● Psychiatric Disabilities ● Brain Injuries ● Speech and Language ● Deaf/Hard-of-Hearing Disabilities ● Learning Disabilities ● Autism Spectrum ● Intellectual Disabilities Disorder
How we view disability Medical Model Social Model Deficiency Neutral difference ● ● Personal problem Interaction between the individual and ● ● The goal is to cure or normalization environment ● The cure requires professional Focus is on the environment ● ● intervention Access facilitated by everyone (designer) ●
Medical vs. Social Model of Disability
The Great Debate - Person vs. Identity First Language
Ableism Ableism refers to discrimination in favor of able-bodied people. Ableism is also the belief that people with disabilities “need to be fixed or cannot function as full members of society” and that having a disability is a “defect rather than a dimension of difference”. Smith, L., Foley, P. F., & Chaney, M. P. (2008). Addressing classism, ableism, and heterosexism in counselor education. Journal of Counseling and Development: JCD , 86 (3), 303.
Traditional Disability Stereotypes Object of charity ● A fate to be feared ● A fate worse than death ● Our heroes ● And these come from… Language ● Media ● Social construction ●
What’s the message?
Service Animal? Emotional Support Animal? Therapy Animal? Or Bust?
Service Animals vs. Therapy Animals vs. Emotional Support Animals
Supporting Students with Disabilities Ally Behavior 1. Don’t use people with disabilities as your own inspiration to rise above life’s challenges to make yourself feel better (Inspiration Porn Ted Talk) 2. Listen to people with disabilities and avoid assuming their life is harder due to an invisible or visible disability 3. Understand a person’s disability doesn’t necessarily define them, but may be an important part of their identity 4. Be conscious of the language you use and work for inclusion in your own daily activities (Inclusive Language Campaign - University of Maryland)
Inclusive Programming It’s not intentional to purposely exclude someone ● Ensure Access for Students with Disabilities by Using “S.P.E.L.L. Check” ● S: Senses - a good rule of thumb is “If it’s visual, make it auditory. If it’s ○ auditory, make it visual.” P: Participation - if you have a movement-based activity,consider ○ alternative ways individuals who are unable to do that specific movement could still participate E: Environment - make sure space is accessible and check sensory ○ inputs that the space is not overwhelming L: Learning - consider incorporating Universal Design for Learning ○ L: Language - take a moment at the beginning of your event to reiterate ○ your commitment to creating an accessible experience for everyone
Miami University Student Disability Services (SDS) “Student Disability Services (SDS) ● provides services and reasonable accommodations to ensure equal access to education and University life at Miami.” Self disclosure required ● Assistive Technology available ● Students with Disabilities Advisory ● Council (SDAC) Top Disabilities at Miami Online Application to refer students to is ● available at miamioh.edu/SAM 1. Attention Deficit (Hyperactivity) Disorder 2. Learning Disabilities 19 Campus Avenue Building → 3rd Floor ● Shriver (Spring 2017) 3. Psychological (Anxiety, Depression, PTSD) 513-529-1541 (voice/tty) ●
Professional Development with Staff TED Talks 1. Maysoon Zayid: I got 99 problems... palsy is just one 2. Torrie Dunlap: Isn't it a pity? The real problem with special needs 3. Dylan Alcott: The Truth About Growing Up Disabled 4. Dan Habib: Disabling segregation Additional Readings/Resources 1. http://everydayfeminism.com/2016/03/a bleist-phrases-to-eliminate/ 2. http://everydayfeminism.com/2015/10/n ot-your-inspiration-porn/ 3. http://everydayfeminism.com/2015/07/h ow-treat-people-wheelchairs/ 4. Retention and Graduation of Students with Disabilities: Facilitating Student Success (2009)
Questions? Students with Disabilities Dan Darkow darkowdc@miamioh.edu Symmes and Miami Inn ARD
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