"STEPPING STONES ON THE PATH TO INTERPLANETARY - PowerPoint PPT Presentation

"STEPPING STONES ON THE PATH TO INTERPLANETARY INTERNETWORKING” IND Staff Meeting IND Staff Meeting 24 June 2003 24 June 2003 Adrian J. Hooke Adrian J. Hooke

OUTLINE OUTLINE • Where we’ve come from: CCSDS space links • Where we are now: – Delay Intolerant Networking (the IP suite) – The first Delay Tolerant Application (CFDP) • Where we are going: – Delay Tolerant Networking (Bundles) • MTO possibilities

1970 1980 1990 2000 NASA Telemetry Standardization “Packet” Spacecraft Telemetry and Telecommand 02 January, 1996 NASA/ESA Space Missions } STRV-1b Working Group IP address: Baselined by Space Basic Space/Ground 192.48.114.156 Station and Ground Network Communications Standards for Consultative Committee for Space Data Systems (CCSDS) CCSDS Recommendation for Advanced Orbiting Systems Extension of The Space Missions } File Transfer: FTAM Dark International Space Station Standards for Transport: TP4 Age More Complex Of Network: ISO 8473 GOSIP Extension of the Terrestrial Internet into Space NASA/DOD/CCSDS File Transfer: FTP Space Communications Transport: TCP Protocol Standards (CCSDS-SCPS) Project Network: IP

The new CCSDS organization

Spacecraft Space Onboard Internetworking Interface Services Services Mission Operations and Information Management Services Commodity Space Communications & Navigation Link Systems Services International Space Data Standardization Cross Support Services Thrusts

256 Missions now using CCSDS Space Link Protocols http://www.ccsds.org/CCSDS/missions.jsp

Current CCSDS Protocol Scenario Surface Deep Space Backbone Earth Free Flyer Orbiter CCSDS Packet CCSDS Long-haul Link CCSDS Space Link Extension (SLE) TCP, UDP IPSEC IP CCSDS Long-Haul Link and Coding Local Terrestrial Link CCSDS Proximity Link and Coding Local CCSDS UHF; CCSDS CCSDS Terrestrial local wired/ UHF S, X, Ka Band Wired wireless

OUTLINE OUTLINE • Where we’ve come from: CCSDS space links • Where we are now: – Delay Intolerant Networking (the IP suite) – The first Delay Tolerant Application (CFDP) • Where we are going: – Delay Tolerant Networking (Bundles) • MTO possibilities

Current CCSDS Space Internet Protocol Stack Space Time Applications Applications: Spacecraft Instruments and Subsystems Constrained Applications 7 FTP, CFDP Application SCPS-FP Services Delay Intolerant 4 TCP/UDP Networking Transport SCPS-TP SCPS-SP Security Protocol IPSec 3 SCPS-NP Space Internet Protocol Network Space Packet Network Protocol (IPv4, IPv6) Protocol b On- TM Space Data AOS Space Data TC Space Data Proximity 1 Space COP 1 board Link Protocol Link Protocol Link Protocol Data Link Protocol converg- Link Link ence 2 ARQ Space Data ARQ Lossless Data Link Security Link Compression On- Mechanisms board LLC Convolutional Reed-Solomon Turbo TLM Frame CLTU and BCH Coding Coding Coding Coding Sync. PLOPs 1 Modulation Onboard Physical PHY Radio Frequency

The Internet: a Network of Connected Sub-Networks App App App App App App Transport Transport TCP TCP Network Network Network Network IP IP IP IP Link 1 Link 2 Link 1 Link 2 Link 3 Link 3 Phys 1 Phys 1 Phys 2 Phys 2 Phys 3 Phys 3 Subnet 1 Subnet 2 Subnet 3

Internet-in-Space Architectural Alternatives: 1. End-to-End Operation ES ES ES ES ES ES An Internet An Internet ES ES ES ES ES ES ES Distinguishing features An Internet • End-to-end protocol operation at IP and above (Application and Transport ES connections run end-to-end) ES ES • Each transport (TCP) endpoint must be tuned to maximize performance and utilization over satellite link ES = End System

Internet-in-Space Architectural Alternatives: 2. Proxy-Based Operation ES ES ES ES ES An Internet GW ES An Internet GW ES “Proxy ES Space” ES ES ES ES ES Distinguishing features • Dual-gateway (proxy) configuration An Internet • End System transport connections do not cross ES the satellite/wireless link so End Systems do not have to be satellite/wireless aware (e.g., ES ES can be unmodified COTS, simplifying deployment) ES = End System GW = Transport Layer Gateway (Proxy) • Security above transport or via trusted gateways

Current CCSDS Space Internet Protocol Options Space extensions Record read & record update; File & record Integrity; to FTP -FP FP FTP FTP FTP Automatic restart; Other Apps Other Apps FTP FTP SCPS- SCPS User suspend/resume; Features Features Features Space extensions Suppress ASCII reply codes. to the Socket Congestion control appropriate for Interface mixed-loss environments (congestion, corruption, outage); Selective negative acknowledgment; SCPS-TP TCP TCP TCP Robust header compression; TCP TCP UDP UDP “TCP Options Options Options Partial Reliability service (BETS); Tranquility” Delimitation of record boundaries; options RFC 1323: Window scaling, time stamps, sequence number extension Space-optimized Authentication: guarantee of the identity of a source; IPSec SCPS- -SP SP IPSec IPSec variant SCPS Access Control: prevention of unauthorized access; Integrity: protection against modification; Common Network- Confidentiality: protection from disclosure. Layer Interface Provides both connectionless and managed- connection routing; Space-optimized Supports precedence (priority) based handling; SCPS- -NP NP IP IP SCPS IP variant Offer multiple routing options; Signals errors to the layer above; Supports packet lifetime control; Scalable - tailor capability to need, e.g., high communications efficiency in constrained bandwidth conditions. Space Link Subnet: CCSDS Data Link Space Link Subnet: CCSDS Data Link The CCSDS protocol suite supports either “native” or “space enhanced” Internet services, at the discretion of the Project organization

SCPS Reference Software SCPS RI Distribution by Sector SCPS RI Distribution by Date Government 20% 160 Industry 140 Academia 65% 15% 120 100 Copies 80 60 40 20 DISA Teleport 0 1997 1998 1999 2000 2001 2002 2003 2004 System Calendar Year

New CCSDS “Experimental” Track: Next Generation Space Internet (NGSI) (including Security, MobileIP, RSVP) Resource Reservation Develop techniques and prototype software Link Bandwidth Allocation: for spacecraft-to-PI communications by enabling end-to-end resource reservation Develop new techniques, specifications across multiple providers and prototype software for rapid, adaptive and automated reconfiguration of space/ground and space/space data link transmission capacity Link Bandwidth Allocation Resource IP Mobility for Spacecraft: Reservation Show viability of Spacecraft-to-PI Mobile IP and develop "proxy registration" capability in ground stations MobileIP Security: Standardize space community cryptographic key exchange and key management and Security enhance the SCPS gateways to provide a robust end-to-end security capability using both IPSec and SCPS-SP

NGSI Protocol Extensions Support for Requirements Signaling FP -FP FTP FTP FTP FTP Other Apps Other Apps FTP SCPS- SCPS Features Features Features Key Mgmt. MobileIP BW Mgmt. Key Mgmt. MobileIP BW Mgmt. End-to-End TCP TCP TCP TCP UDP TCP UDP Signaling Options Options Options (Router Actions) Signaling IPSec SCPS- -SP SP IPSec SCPS between Home/Foreign Agents Signaling between SCPS- -NP NP IP SCPS IP Security Gateways MobileIP MobileIP HA/FA: encapsulation and decapsulation Bandwidth Management Bandwidth Management Link Link

Open MobileIP Extensions for Space “Standard” MobileIP MobileIP with open NGSI Extensions Data delivery begins at time t+n Data delivery begins at time t Registration Exchanges begin at time t Ground Station Ground Station (Foreign Agent) (Foreign Agent) Principal Principal Investigator Investigator Home Agent Home Agent Tunnel Protocol Overhead Data Delivery

Next Generation Space Internet Protocol Stack Space Time Applications Applications: Spacecraft Instruments and Subsystems Constrained Applications 7 Key FTP, CFDP RSVP Application Mgmt SCPS-FP Services NGSI 4 TCP/UDP Transport SCPS-TP SCPS-SP Security Protocol IPSec 3 SCPS-NP Space Internet Protocol Network Space Packet Network Protocol (IPv4, IPv6) Link Protocol Mgmt MobileIP b On- TM Space Data AOS Space Data TC Space Data Proximity 1 Space COP 1 board Link Protocol Link Protocol Link Protocol Data Link Protocol converg- Link Link ence 2 ARQ Space Data ARQ Lossless Data Link Security Link Compression On- Mechanisms board LLC Convolutional Reed-Solomon Turbo TLM Frame CLTU and BCH Coding Coding Coding Coding Sync. PLOPs 1 Modulation Onboard Physical PHY Radio Frequency