Status of WSIS Goals & Action Plan Implementation: India ICT sector 2009 Shailendra K. Hajela India
Indian Telecom Sector Early Challenges • Under State monopoly, PSTN growth was very low with large waiting lists, mainly due to financial constraints. Major challenge was to accelerate the rate of growth in telecom sector – Teledensity < 2% – Wire line subscribers base : 14.54 million (DoT & MTNL) – Limited Value Added Services. • Indian Economy liberalized in early 1992 • Telecom sector reform allowing private sector entry kick started with cellular Mobile services. Gainful Impact of reforms became visible in late 90s. • Independent Regulatory Authority established in 1997. SKH/ESCAP/EG-Mtg. 2009 2 2
Government Functions Telecom Policy formulation Telecom Licensing Wireless Spectrum Management Universal Service Obligation Standardization, R & D Administration of : – Indian Telegraph Act – Indian Wireless Telegraphy Act – Telecom Regulatory Authority of India Act
India: Key Factors for Growth Economic Reforms: Government •Liberalization Policy Initiatives •Transparency •Accountability Foundation for Development Science & Telecom Technology Sector Culture Restructuring SKH/ESCAP/EG-Mtg. 2009 4
Telecom Sector Constituents Government / Regulator Strong, independent and Equipment Vendors active regulator in place State of the art Successful implementation technologies at of regulatory changes reasonable Stable foreign investment prices. policy Customers Embracing new services in large numbers Operators Huge & growing Significant investment market Providing high quality services at an affordable price SKH/ESCAP/EG-Mtg. 2009 5
Reforms: Major Milestones • 1991 Mobile services opened to private participation (Metros) • 1994 Mobile services opened up in all Telecom Circles (States) of India • 1997 TRAI established • 1999 Migration to revenue share • 2000 Formation of BSNL NLD sector opened up SKH/ESCAP/EG-Mtg. 2009 6
Reforms: Major Milestones • 2002 BSNL launches nation-wide Cellular services; ILD Sector opened up • 2003 Calling Party Pays introduced Unified access license introduced • 2004 Rationalization and further reduction of license fees Broadband policy announced • 2005 FDI limit increased to 74% ILD / NLD regime liberalized SKH/ESCAP/EG-Mtg. 2009 7
Reforms : Major Milestones 2006 • ‘One India’ uniform STD charge introduced • ADC regime changed to revenue sharing 2007 - 2008 • Competition enhanced by allowing entry of more Operators in mobile services SKH/ESCAP/EG-Mtg. 2009 8
INI TI Revenue Share AT ADC Regime 3 rd & 4 th CPP Introduced FDI Increased IV Cellular Operator 35 80 31 ES Lowering of 31 70 69.2 ADC 30 Effective Charge (US Cents/ min) 60 NTP-99 O 25 Subscribers in Million 50 20 N 41 40 15 G 30 13 26.2 10 20 7.9 R 13.1 5 10 4.4 3.5 3.6 1.9 0.44 1.2 5.6 O 0.4 0 0 1999 2000 2001 2002 2003 2004 2005 2006 Year Ended March W Effective Charge (US Cents/min) Subs Source : TRAI TH SKH/ESCAP/EG-Mtg. 2009 9
Indian Telecom Sector Snapshot: March 2009 • Population 1137 Million • Geographical area 3,287,000 Sq. Kms. • Total Subscribers (wire-line + wireless) 429.72 Million • % Growth during the quarter 11.68% • Urban Subscribers 309.43 Million (72%) • Rural Subscribers 120.29 Million (28%) • Overall Teledensity 36.98 • Urban Teledensity 88.66 • Rural Teledensity 14.80 • Total wire-line subscribers 37.96 Million • % Growth during quarter 0.15% • Urban wire-line subs. 27.38 Million (72.13%) • Rural wire-line subs. 10.58 Million (27.87%) SKH/ESCAP/EG-Mtg. 2009 10
Indian Telecom Sector S napshot: March 2009 (contd.) • Village Public Telephones (VPT) 5.61 Million • Public Call Offices (PCO) 6.20 Million • Total Wireless Subscribers 391.76 Million • % Growth during the Quarter 12.93% • Urban wireless subscribers 282.05 (72%) • Rural wireless subs. 109.71 Million • GSM/CDMA 75.88% / 24.12% • Total Internet Sub. Including B/band 13.54 Million • % Growth during the Quarter 5.30% • Wireless Internet Sub 117.82 Million • Broadband Sub. 6.22 Million • PC Base 35 Million • Cable TV Homes ~71 Million. • English literate Persons ~110 Million • Optical Fibre ~0.77 Million Cable Km (average 36 pairs) SKH/ESCAP/EG-Mtg. 2009 11
India Wire-line and Wireless Growth SKH/ESCAP/EG-Mtg. 2009 12
Mobile Services thrust in Rural Areas Objective: To provide Mobile Services in rural and remote areas having no mobile coverage. Proposal to provide USOF assistance for shareable and non-shareable components. Infrastructure to be shared amongst 3 service providers. SKH/ESCAP/EG-Mtg. 2009 13
Broadband and Internet Statistics E-mail 91% • Number of agencies are making surveys on General Information search 76% Broadband and Internet Educational Information search 49% parameters Text Chart 46% • Users are adopting more and more online Online Gaming 41% applications on Internet Online Jobsites 37% • Recent survey suggests Music/ Video on the Internet 32% that Email is the most Financial Information search 21% popular of all applications Book Railway ticket on Internet 21% followed by searching, Online banking 20% gaming etc. Online News 13% Internet Telephony/ Video Chat/ 13% Voice Chat Source:IAMAI/ IMRB SKH/ESCAP/EG-Mtg. 2009 14
Use in Rural areas - Broadband and Internet Statistics (All data in percent) Aware Usage Likely For rural users to also according to use the survey, Email is Communication the most popular Email 94 75 70 service Informational Text Chat/ Instant Messenger 57 35 27 services, web Making telephone calls through 33 6 5 browsing like job Internet /Voice Chat portals, news , Informational Services government Access information (general info, 53 31 31 services (i.e. news etc) Passport Accessing job websites 41 15 16 information, filing Accessing matrimonial website or 36 6 9 Income tax returns, sending resume to others etc.) are also Source : IMRB increasingly Access government services like 17 12 4 Passport Enquiry, IT Returns etc becoming popular SKH/ESCAP/EG-Mtg. 2009 15 TRAI 2009 Source:IAMAI/ IMRB 15
Broadband and Internet Statistics E-commerce segment (All data in percent) Aware Usage Likely is also a major internet to driver where user use prefers Entertainment Railway ticket Play Video Games 52 22 20 booking Watch Movie Clips/music /cricket 42 18 16 Airline booking highlight Online utility bill E-Commerce payment Booking railway ticket 57 13 20 E Banking Booking Airline ticket 36 2 5 Share trading Online Bill Payment (electricity 30 1 7 Video content related etc) to online gaming, music on Internet is Accessing online bank accounts 40 4 8 more demanding Buy online products 33 3 4 Source : IMRB Invest in shares and stocks 26 5 8 SKH/ESCAP/EG-Mtg. 2009 16 Source: IAMAI/ IMRB 16
Internet and Broadband Growth Internet and Broadband Growth 14 12.85 Sub. Nos. (in Millions) 12 10.36 10 8.58 8 6.7 6 Internet 5.52 5.45 4.14 4 Broadband 3.76 3.13 2 2.05 0.9 0 0.04 Dec. Dec. Dec. Dec. Dec. Dec. Dec. 2002 2003 2004 2005 2006 2007 2008 Source TRAI SKH/ESCAP/EG-Mtg. 2009 17
Broadband Policy Goals • 9 million Broadband connections by 2007 - eluded • 20 million connections by the year 2010 – concerted efforts needed; Affordability, speed and robust connection needed. 3G delayed. • About 50-60% connections envisaged from Public sector companies BSNL/MTNL • Balance to come from private sector service providers SKH/ESCAP/EG-Mtg. 2009 18
Focus in rural areas • Broadband coverage for all secondary and higher secondary schools by the year 2007 • Broadband coverage of all public health care centers by the year 2007 • Broadband coverage for all Village Panchayats by the year 2008 SKH/ESCAP/EG-Mtg. 2009 19
Tele-education • About 150,000 Higher Secondary schools in the country • About 70% in rural areas • Broadband planned for all these schools on priority • Will be used for interactive distance learning • Infrastructure by service providers & USOF • Cost of CPEs and rentals to be borne by schools SKH/ESCAP/EG-Mtg. 2009 20
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