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Spatio-Temporal Constraints on Social Networks - The Visualization Perspective Shih-Lung Shaw, Ph.D. Professor Department of Geography University of Tennessee Knoxville, TN 37996-0925 U.S.A. E-mail: sshaw@utk.edu Specialist Meeting of

  1. Spatio-Temporal Constraints on Social Networks - The Visualization Perspective Shih-Lung Shaw, Ph.D. Professor Department of Geography University of Tennessee Knoxville, TN 37996-0925 U.S.A. E-mail: sshaw@utk.edu Specialist Meeting of Spatio-Temporal Constraints on Social Networks Upham Hotel, Santa Barbara, CA, December 13-14, 2010 (This research is partially sponsored by NSF Grant BCS-0616724.) Shih-Lung Shaw, Department of Geography

  2. VisualComplexity.com Visualization of Social Networks Shih-Lung Shaw, Department of Geography

  3. Shih-Lung Shaw, Department of Geography

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  6. VisualComplexity.com Many of them are based on Node-Link Network concepts focusing on topology and connectivity Shih-Lung Shaw, Department of Geography

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  16. VisualComplexity.com Visualization of network growth/changes Shih-Lung Shaw, Department of Geography

  17. Shih-Lung Shaw, Department of Geography

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  20. VisualComplexity.com Visualization with Time/Locations Shih-Lung Shaw, Department of Geography

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  25. A Space-Time GIS approach Based on Hägerstrand’s Time Geography and a Temporal Dynamic Segmentation Shih-Lung Shaw, Department of Geography

  26. Hägerstrand’s Time Geography:  Hägerstrand’s time geography examines human activities under various constraints in a space–time context.  Space and time are connected through the concept of space–time path, which depicts the sequence of an individual’s activities at various locations over a time period.  The possible locations that a person can visit within a given time window form a continuous space known as a space–time prism. Shih-Lung Shaw, Department of Geography

  27. time time Space-Time Path Space-Time Prism t 2 space t 1 space 3 2 1 Potential Path Area Shih-Lung Shaw, Department of Geography

  28. Temporal Dynamic Segmentation: Physical activities: time space-time path 1. Drive to work 9 3. Walk to lunch 8 4. Have lunch 7 5. Walk back from lunch 6 6. Drive back home 8. Grocery shopping 5 4 9. Return home 3 2 Virtual activities: 2. Instant messaging with colleagues 1 7. Receive a cell phone call from space spouse to do grocery shopping Shih-Lung Shaw, Department of Geography

  29.  Three types of constraints: – Capability Constraints: Constraints that limit the activities of an individual because of his/her biological construction and/or the tools he/she can command. – Authority Constraints: Constraints imposed by a domain within which things and events are under the control of a given individual or a given group. – Coupling Constraints: Constraints that deal with the interactions of an individual with other people or entities in a space–time context. Shih-Lung Shaw, Department of Geography

  30. Exploratory spatio-temporal analysis functions: time time T6 T5 T interpolate L1 T4 L2 T3 T A T1 T2 space space Find locations of ST paths at time T Locate time for point A on the ST path time time P space space L Find ST paths interacting with person P Find ST paths that visited location L Shih-Lung Shaw, Department of Geography

  31. time time t 22 t 2 t 21 t 1 t 12 t 11 l 1 l 2 l 1 l 2 space space Potential SP interactions Potential AP interactions time time t 2 t 1 t l 11 l 12 l 21 l 22 space l 11 l 12 l 21 l 22 space Potential ST interactions Potential AT interactions For additional information, please see Yu & Shaw (2008) in IJGIS . Shih-Lung Shaw, Department of Geography

  32. What does our Space-Time GIS look like? Implemented as an ArcGIS extension with temporal dynamic segmentation Shih-Lung Shaw, Department of Geography

  33. Shih-Lung Shaw, Department of Geography

  34. Chen, Shaw and others (forthcoming) in Journal of Transport Geography . Shih-Lung Shaw, Department of Geography

  35. For additional information, please see Shaw & Yu (2009) in Journal of Transport Geography . Shih-Lung Shaw, Department of Geography

  36. Flickr Data (I) Space-Time GIS visualization Flickr data provided by Sumang (Sam) Liu, Dept. of Geography, Univ. of Tennessee Shih-Lung Shaw, Department of Geography

  37. (Flickr data provided by Sumang Liu, Department of Geography, University of Tennessee, Knoxville) Shih-Lung Shaw, Department of Geography

  38. Video of Visualization in Space-Time GIS C:\Shaw\New-Conferences\2010 Space-Time Constraints on Scoial Networks\Videos\Flickr_Sam\Flickr_Sam_Video1\Flickr_Sam_Video1_fs.htm Shih-Lung Shaw, Department of Geography

  39. Flickr Data (II) Space-Time GIS visualization Flickr data provided by Dongpo Deng, ITC/Univ. of Twente, The Netherlands deng@itc.nl Shih-Lung Shaw, Department of Geography

  40. (Flickr data provided by Dongpo Deng, Dept. of Geo-Processing, ITC/Univ. of Twente, The Netherlands) Shih-Lung Shaw, Department of Geography

  41. (Flickr data provided by Dongpo Deng, Dept. of Geo-Processing, ITC/Univ. of Twente, The Netherlands) Shih-Lung Shaw, Department of Geography

  42. (Flickr data provided by Dongpo Deng, Dept. of Geo-Processing, ITC/Univ. of Twente, The Netherlands) Shih-Lung Shaw, Department of Geography

  43. (Flickr data provided by Dongpo Deng, Dept. of Geo-Processing, ITC/Univ. of Twente, The Netherlands) Shih-Lung Shaw, Department of Geography

  44. (Flickr data provided by Dongpo Deng, Dept. of Geo-Processing, ITC/Univ. of Twente, The Netherlands) Shih-Lung Shaw, Department of Geography

  45. (Flickr data provided by Dongpo Deng, Dept. of Geo-Processing, ITC/Univ. of Twente, The Netherlands) Shih-Lung Shaw, Department of Geography

  46. Facebook Data Space-Time GIS visualization Facebook data provided by Ling Yin, Dept. of Geography, Univ. of Tennessee Shih-Lung Shaw, Department of Geography

  47. Database 1 test user 51 users’ communication 3837 users …… data 50 friends with current location … …… … 9251 friends’ friends Time span: January 2006 - Nov 25, 2010 (Facebook data provided by Ling Yin, Department of Geography, University of Tennessee, Knoxville.) Shih-Lung Shaw, Department of Geography

  48. Social Space-Time Path: movement in a physical-virtual hybrid space Person A’s social space-time path time Post or comment on his/her own wall Post or comment on friends’ walls person C person A person B geographical space (Facebook data provided by Ling Yin, Department of Geography, University of Tennessee, Knoxville.) Shih-Lung Shaw, Department of Geography

  49. (Facebook data provided by Ling Yin, Department of Geography, University of Tennessee, Knoxville) Shih-Lung Shaw, Department of Geography

  50. (Facebook data provided by Ling Yin, Department of Geography, University of Tennessee, Knoxville) Shih-Lung Shaw, Department of Geography

  51. (Facebook data provided by Ling Yin, Department of Geography, University of Tennessee, Knoxville) Shih-Lung Shaw, Department of Geography

  52. (Facebook data provided by Ling Yin, Department of Geography, University of Tennessee, Knoxville) Shih-Lung Shaw, Department of Geography

  53. (Facebook data provided by Ling Yin, Department of Geography, University of Tennessee, Knoxville) Shih-Lung Shaw, Department of Geography

  54. (Facebook data provided by Ling Yin, Department of Geography, University of Tennessee, Knoxville) Shih-Lung Shaw, Department of Geography

  55. (Facebook data provided by Ling Yin, Department of Geography, University of Tennessee, Knoxville) Shih-Lung Shaw, Department of Geography

  56. (Facebook data provided by Ling Yin, Department of Geography, University of Tennessee, Knoxville) Shih-Lung Shaw, Department of Geography

  57. (Facebook data provided by Ling Yin, Department of Geography, University of Tennessee, Knoxville) Shih-Lung Shaw, Department of Geography

  58. (Facebook data provided by Ling Yin, Department of Geography, University of Tennessee, Knoxville) Shih-Lung Shaw, Department of Geography

  59. Facebook Data Space-Time Patterns Clustering Analysis Shih-Lung Shaw, Department of Geography

  60. Space-Time Patterns (Facebook data provided by Ling Yin, Department of Geography, University of Tennessee, Knoxville.) Shih-Lung Shaw, Department of Geography

  61. Group 1: Never posted or commented on friends’ walls (Facebook data provided by Ling Yin, Department of Geography, University of Tennessee, Knoxville.) Shih-Lung Shaw, Department of Geography

  62. Group 2: Occasionally posted or commented on friends’ walls (Facebook data provided by Ling Yin, Department of Geography, University of Tennessee, Knoxville.) Shih-Lung Shaw, Department of Geography

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