Slides by Mr. Zindman
NEW YORK STATE STANDARD 7.5 THE CONSTITUTION IN PRACTICE: The United States Constitution serves as the foundation of the United States government and outlines the rights of citizens. The Constitution is considered a living document that can respond to political and social changes. The New York State Constitution also has been changed over time. 7.5a The Constitution outlined a federalist system of government that shares powers between the federal, state, and local governments. ✓ Students will identify powers granted to the federal government and examine the language used to grant powers to the states. 7.5b The Constitution established three branches of government as well as a system of checks and balances that guides the relationship between the branches. Individual rights of citizens are addressed in the Bill of Rights. ✓ Students will compare and contrast the powers granted to Congress, the president, and the Supreme Court by the Constitution. ✓ Students will examine how checks and balances work by tracing how a bill becomes a law. ✓ Students will identify the individual rights of citizens that are protected by the Bill of Rights. 7.5c While the Constitution provides a formal process for change through amendments, the Constitution can respond to change in other ways. The New York State Constitution changed over time, with changes in the early 19th century that made it more democratic. ✓ Students will examine the process for amending the constitution. 2
ESSENTIAL QUESTIONS 1. What are the responsibilities of the three branches of American government ? 2. What are the checks and balances of each branch of government? 3. How does a bill become a law? 4. What is the Bill of Rights and how does it protect a citizen’s natural rights? 5. How is the Constitution a living document? 6. How can we amend the Constitution? ENDURING UNDERSTANDINGS: ➢ A successful constitution will provide fair laws for every citizen and balances over power exercised by the laws and people who govern. ➢ I CAN STATEMENTS: • I can explain the three branches of government and the system of checks and balances. • I can explain how a bill becomes a law. • I can explain importance of the Bill of Rights. • I can explain how the Constitution is a living document and how to amend the Constitution. LANGUAGE OBJECTIVE: 1.To determine the central idea from an informational text 2.To determine the topic and supporting details from a text.
The United States Constitution I am proud to be an American!
The Preamble is the first paragraph of the Constitution. It contains the mission statement of the Constitution. Wow! Let us look at the words on the next slides! Lets examine the Preamble in the next slides!
This means… everyone in the United States of America.
This means… we should work together to be a unified Nation.
This means… laws should be applied fairly to every American. The Supreme Court Building
This means… we should have peace and order in the United States.
This means… every country has the right to protect its citizens against foreign attack.
This means… the country has the responsibility to promote the well- being of the citizens.
This means… the people of the United states will remain free.
This means… we publish the Constitution of the United States of America for everyone.
The Preamble To form a more perfect The states work together as one unified nation, not union as separate nations. To establish justice The justice system requires that the law be applied fairly to every American. To ensure domestic The government can ensure domestic tranquillity, or tranquillity peace and order at home. To provide for the To protect citizens against foreign attack, the common defense national government can raise armies and navies. However, the military is under civilian, or nonmilitary, control. To promote the general The national government promotes the general welfare welfare, or the well-being of all its citizens. To secure the blessing of A major goal of the Constitution is to protect the liberty liberty, or freedom, of Americans.
The Roles of the Branches of Government
The Branches of the Federal Government
Principles of the Constitution The principle that government gets its authority from the Popular Sovereignty people, therefore people have a right to change or abolish their government. Limited Government The principle that government has only the powers that the Constitution gives it. Everyone, no matter how important, must obey the law. Separation of Powers The idea of limiting government power by dividing it among different branches of government. Checks and Balances Each branch of government has power to check, or limit, actions of the other branches. Federalism The principle of dividing power between the federal government and the states. Republicanism A form of government in which citizens elect representatives to carry out their will. Individual Rights Individual rights include freedom of speech, freedom of religion, and the right to trial by jury.
The Amendment Process of the Constitution
The Bill of Rights-The First Ten Amendments in the U.S. Constitution 1.Safeguards individual rights — freedom of religion, speech, the press, the right to assemble peacefully, the right to petition the government to change its policies. 2.“A well -regulated militia being necessary to the security of a free state, the right of the people to keep and bear arms shall not be infringed.” 3.Congress may not force citizens to put up troops in their homes. 4.Citizens are protected from unlawful searches of their homes and property. 5.People cannot be forced to incriminate, or give evidence against, themselves. 6.People are guaranteed the right to a speedy and public trial by a fair jury. The accused have a right to know the charges against them and who is making the charges
7.Provides for juries in civil, or non criminal, trials. 8.Forbids excessive bail or fines and “cruel and unusual punishments.” 9.Citizens’ rights are not limited to those listed in the Constitution. 10.All powers not given to the national government or denied to the states are reserved for the states or for the people. 13.Abolished slavery. 14.Guaranteed citizenship to former slaves. 15.Declared that states may not deny the vote to any citizen on the basis of “race, color, or previous condition of servitude.” 19.Gave women the right to vote. 26.Lowered the minimum voting age from 21 to 18.
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