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S c h o o l S t a r t Ti m e s December 1, 2017 Scott Siegfried Janise McNally Amy Plog Lisa Meltzer Superintendent and Board of Education Overview Student wellness Science of sleep Process of changing start times Board of

  1. S c h o o l S t a r t Ti m e s December 1, 2017 Scott Siegfried Janise McNally Amy Plog Lisa Meltzer Superintendent and Board of Education

  2. Overview • Student wellness • Science of sleep • Process of changing start times • Board of Education decision • Implementation/challenges • Evaluating outcomes

  3. Student Wellness

  4. The goals of the CCSD Comprehensive Wellness Strategy are to address barriers to student achievement and to develop skills that support lifelong healthy living. Whole School Whole Community Whole Child

  5. Mental Substance Bullying  Since 2000 health use SEL Perceived safety  Online Physical  Anonymous health and wellness  Self-Report  3 rd -12 th grades Sleep Encouraged to take challenging Connection classes to school Preparedness Have taken for learning challenging classes Adult at Parent(s) school Whole School Whole Community Whole Child

  6. Mental Health Concerns and Academic Outcomes for Students with and without Adequate Sleep Stress/Anxiety Depressive Symptoms Prepared for Learning As & Bs 100% Light shade= Inadequate sleep 90% Dark shade= Adequate sleep * 80% % of Students Reporting 70% 60% 50% 40% 30% 20% 10% 0% ES MS HS

  7. Science Behind Changing Start Times

  8. Adolescents need 8.5 to 9.25 hours of sleep per night 7 out of 10 adolescents in the US get 7 hours or less per night 40 31% getting 8+ hours 30 of sleep PERCENT 20 10 0 <4 5 6 7 8 9 10+ HOURS OF SLEEP Carskadon et al. (1980, 2002), McKnight-Eily et al. (2011), NSF (2006, 2014), Owens et al. (2014)

  9. So? Sleep doesn’t matter I sleep less than that and do just fine Sleep is for slackers

  10. WRONG!! You have to breathe You have to eat You have to sleep! Sleep is not a passive state and is essential for health, daytime functioning, and well-being

  11. Stages of Sleep Memory consolidation, learning Growth hormone released, brain recovery, executive functioning 0 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 Hours of Sleep

  12. Process S – Sleep Homeostasis 7a 10p 7a Borbely (1982); Van Dongen et al. (2003)

  13. Well if my teen just turned off his phone and went to bed earlier, then he wouldn’t have any problems waking up

  14. Process C - Circadian Rhythm 7a 10p 7a Borbely (1982); Carskadon et al. (1980, 2002)

  15. Circadian Misalignment 7a 10p 7a Borbely (1982); Carskadon et al. (1980, 2002)

  16. Faces of Deficient Sleep

  17. Deficient Sleep in Children/Adolescents  Mood and affect changes  Behavior problems  Non-compliance  Aggression  Hyperactivity  Poor impulse control  Risk taking behaviors and increased accidents Beebe (2011); Gruber et al. (2012); Owens et al. (2014)

  18. Deficient Sleep in Children/Adolescents  Neurocognitive deficits  Attention  Memory  Executive functioning  Weight gain  Increased caloric intake  Increased consumption fats and carbs Beebe et al. (2010); Beebe et al. (2013); Gruber, Wiebe et al. (2012); Gruber, Michaelsen et al. (2012); Hart et al. (2013); Sadeh et al. (2003)

  19. Signs of Deficient Sleep • Needs to be awakened in morning • Sleeps 2+ hours on weekends or vacations than weekdays • Falls asleep in school or other inappropriate times • Behavior/mood differ following nights of increased sleep

  20. Extrinsic Sleep Disruptors

  21. Later School Start Time Outcomes  Multiple studies have demonstrated the benefit of changing to a later school start time …  Students getting > 8 hours sleep/night  Better academic outcomes  Less depression  Better attendance rates  Less caffeine use  Higher graduation rates  Fewer car crashes  Reduced tardiness Boergers et al. (2014); Danner & Phillips (2008); McKeever et al. (2017); Owens et al. (2010); Wahlstrom (2002); Wahlstrom et al. (2014); Wolfson et al. (2007)

  22. Fayette County, KY  Started school 1 hour later  16.5% decrease in number  7:30am to 8:30 am of motor vehicle crashes  8:00am to 9:00am  Increased total sleep time  8+ hours: 36% to 50%  No changes in # hours spent on homework, jobs, sports/activities Danner & Phillips (2008)

  23. Won’t Students Just Stay Up Later?  Students do not stay up later, but wake 30-90 min later 0:45 0:45 S1 Pre S1 Post S2 Pre S2 Post 0:15 0:15 23:45 23:45 23:19 23:18 23:15 23:15 23:05 22:45 22:41 22:45 22:15 7:30 7:30 8:40 8:40 22:15 start start start start 1997-98 2000-01 2000-01 1997-98 21:45 21:45 9th 10th 11th 12th Boergers et al. (2014); Danner & Phillips (2008); Owens et al. (2010); Wahlstrom (2002); Wahlstrom et al. (2014); Wolfson et al. (2007)

  24. And What About Sports?  Wilton, CT had increased participation and winning season following change  Stanford athletes increased time in bed to 10 hours/night  Basketball – Faster sprint (0.7 seconds), more accurate free throws (9%), improved mood, decreased fatigues  Football – 20 yard and 40 yard dash improved by .10 seconds  Swimming – faster 15m sprints (0.51 seconds), faster reaction time off blocks (0.15 seconds), faster turns (0.10 seconds) Michael Phelps won a gold medal by 0.01 seconds Mah et al. (2008); Mah et al. (2010)

  25. Recommendation to start middle/high schools no earlier than 8:30 a.m.  American Academy of Pediatrics  Centers for Disease Control and Prevention  American Medical Association  American Academy of Sleep Medicine  American Academy of Child and Adolescents Psychiatrists  American Psychological Association  American Thoracic Society  National Sleep Foundation  National Educational Association  National Parent Teacher Association  National Association of School Nurses

  26. Take Home Message  Sleep essential for learning and health  Adolescents significantly sleep deprived, with school start times as one of the strongest contributing factors  Changing start times is not coddling students, but setting them up for success in life

  27. “If sleep doesn't serve an absolutely vital function, then it is the greatest mistake the evolutionary process ever made” Dr. Allan Rechtschaffen

  28. Process 2015 – Nov 2016: Study, Research, Best Practices, Community Involvement, Survey Dec 2016 – Feb 2017: Model Development, Publication, Feedback Feb 2017: Further Refinement, Final Recommendation, Feedback March 2017: Board of Education Decision August 2017: Implementation S S T C H O O L T A R T I M E S

  29. Adopted Recommendations • 12 month strategic planning process District Goals Achievement College and Career Continuous Improvement/PLC • Public meetings in all communities Preparedness and Success Articulation & Rigor Inclusive Excellence System of Interventions • New graduation requirements Early Literacy Focus Credit Requirements Aligned Math Programming Credits to Graduate • Served as the basis for the successful Online Opportunities School Structure 2016 bond and budget election Competency Demonstration Mobility & Student Achievement College and Career Ready Later High School Start Times • Informal survey of participants on their Demonstrations “tolerance” for changing start times College & Career Readiness Progress Toward Future Goals Innovation Naviance 6-12 • If we are “Dedicated to Excellence we must Career & Innovation Center Feeder College & Career address start times” Planning Guide Social & Emotional Wellness, Mental Health Life Skills, PBIS/SOS

  30. Dr. Scott Siegfried Associate Superintendent M EETING FOR 18+ MONTHS TO STUDY , REVIEW AND Brooke Gregory Assistant Superintendent, EdOp IDENTIFY RATIONALE AND CONSTRAINTS REGARDING Todd Fukai Assistant Superintendent, Human Resources AN ADJUSTMENT TO START TIMES Sarah Grobbel Executive Director – High School Dr. John Kennedy Executive Director – Middle School Task Force Chris Smith Executive Director, Elementary Education Sheryl Cunningham CCEA Association President Dr. Tera Helmon Executive Director, Elementary Education Holly Drake Teacher, Overland High School Jennifer Perry Executive Director, Elementary Education Scot Kaye Teacher, Liberty Middle School Michael Giles Executive Director, Inclusive Excellence Kristin Chaney Teacher, Rolling Hills Elementary School Dr. Floyd Cobb Executive Director, Curriculum & Instruction John Eyolfson District Coordinator, Science Dr. Norm Alerta Director, Assessment & Evaluation Janise McNally District Coordinator, Health & Wellness Gwen Hansen-Vigil Principal, Eaglecrest High School Dr. Amy Plog Research & Data Coordinator Kim Rauh Principal, Cherokee Trail High School Gincey Mansfield Executive Assistant Ryan Silva Principal, Cherry Creek High School Mike Hush Director of Transportation Dr. Lisa Sprague Principal, Grandview High School Erika Edwards Director of Food and Nutrition Services Allison Witkin Principal, Adaptive Programs Chardonnay Adams Route Planning Manager - Trans Nickie Bell Principal, Horizon Middle School Jim Parker QA / Personnel Resources Manager - Trans David Gonzales Principal, Prairie Middle School Roberta Ballard Principal, Arrowhead Elementary School Chris Hardy Principal, Sunrise Elementary School Scott May Principal, Peakview Elementary School Kyle Sorg Principal, Homestead Elementary School S S T C H O O L T A R T I M E S

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