Rule-based approach: attempts to program grammatical and lexical - PowerPoint PPT Presentation

A brief history of Machine Translation (MT) http://blog.systransoft.com/how-does-neural-machine-translation-work/ • Rule-based approach: attempts to program grammatical and lexical rules. Largely failed and showed how limited grammar is in describing linguistic behaviour. • Phrase-based approach: attempts to select the best translation of a phrase by estimating probability. Better, but still not much use for quality translations. • Neural approach: Rule-based, but assesses context through conversion of words to vectors; translation involves taking the most similar context in the target language on the basis of algorithms. Vector: a quantity possessing both magnitude and direction Algorithm: a set of rules for solving a problem

A pernicious pitfall

German (ÜPF = Überwachung des Post- und Fernmeldeverkehrs) Original DeepL Google Bing Der Wurm steckt laut den Prüfern According to the examiners, the According to the examiners, the According to the examiners, the schon länger in der Behörde: In worm has been in the authority worm has been in the authorities worm has been in the authority einer «Nacht-und-Nebel-Aktion» for quite some time: In a "night for some time: in a "night-and-fog for some time: in a "night-and- seien die Fernmeldeüberwacher and fog action" in 2007, the action", the telecommunications fog-action" the 2007 per Weisung den EJPD- telecommunications supervisors supervisors were placed under the telecommunication supervisors Informatikern unterstellt worden - were instructed to report to the instructions of the EJPD computer were 2007 by instruction to the ohne sie richtig zu integrieren. Die FDJP computer scientists - without scientists in 2007 - without FDJP computer scientists-without Folge: «ein hoher properly integrating them. The properly integrating them. The properly integrating THEM. The Frustrationsgrad» bei den result: "a high degree of consequence: "a high degree of Result: "a high degree of Mitarbeitenden. Die beauftragten frustration" among employees. frustration" among the frustration" among the Prüfer stellen fest, dass im The commissioned auditors found employees. The commissioned Employees. The mandated Verhältnis zwischen ISC und ÜPF that roles and responsibilities auditors found that roles and auditors note that roles and Rollen und Verantwortlichkeiten were unclear in the relationship responsibilities in the relationship responsibilities are unclear in the unklar seien. Es fehlten eine between the ISC and the OPF. between ISC and TSP are unclear. relationship between ISC and ÜPF. Governance und There was a lack of governance There was a lack of governance There was a lack of governance Leistungsvereinbarungen. Die and performance agreements. The and service agreements. and performance Agreements. Fernmeldeüberwacher hätten zu telecommunications supervisors Telecommunications supervisors The telecommunication monitors wenig Kompetenzen bei der had too little competence in the have too few skills in acquiring would have too little competence Beschaffung von neuer procurement of new technology, new technology, hiring staff and in the procurement of new Technologie, bei der Einstellung in the recruitment of staff and in budget. On the other hand, the technology, the hiring of von Mitarbeitern und beim the budget. The supplier ISC-FDJP perceived supplier employees and the Budget. Budget. Das heute vom ISC-EJPD management perceived today by management is «chaotic». however, the supplier wahrgenommene the ISC-EJPD, on the other hand, is management perceived today by Lieferantenmanagement hingegen "chaotic". the ISC FDJP is "chaotic". sei «chaotisch».

French Original DeepL Google Bing L’Association suisse des The Swiss Association of The Swiss Association of The Swiss Association of traducteurs, terminologues et Translators, Terminologists and Translators, Terminologists and translators, Terminologists and interprètes (ASTTI) a le plaisir de Interpreters (ASTTI) is pleased to Interpreters (ASTTI) is pleased to interpreters (ASTTI) is pleased to vous convier à Berne pour sa invite you to Berne for its new invite you to Bern for its new invite you to Berne for its new nouvelle édition du traditionnel edition of the traditional autumn edition of the traditional edition of the traditional autumn congrès automnal équivalences. congress on equivalence. As Autumnal Equivalence Congress. equivalence congress. Members Membres ou non membres, tous members or non-members, all Members or non-members, all or non-members, all language les professionnels langagiers de language professionals in language professionals from professionals in Switzerland and Suisse et de l’étranger auront, à Switzerland and abroad will have Switzerland and abroad will have abroad will have the opportunity cette occasion, la possibilité de the opportunity to network and the opportunity to network and to network and update their level réseauter et d’actualiser leur update their level of information update their level of information of information in a particularly niveau d’information dans un in a particularly interesting and in a particularly interesting and interesting and controversial domaine particulièrement controversial field, namely the controversial area, namely the area, namely the Advent of intéressant et controversé, soit advent of artificial intelligence advent of Artificial Intelligence artificial intelligence (ai) in the l’avènement de l’intelligence (AI) in the translation world. You (AI) in the world of translation. world of Translation. You will be artificielle (IA) dans le monde de will be able to explore the issue You will be able to delve deeper able to deepen the question with la traduction. Vous pourrez in greater depth through into this issue through presentations tracing the history approfondir la question grâce à presentations recounting the presentations on the history of of this development, the des exposés retraçant l’historique history of this development, the this development, the presentation of the modes of de ce développement, à la presentation of operating modes presentation of the modes of operation and the prospects of présentation des modes de and the perspectives of machine operation as well as the automatic translation (TA) and fonctionnement ainsi qu’aux translation (MT) and automatic perspectives of automatic automatic neuron (NMT). perspectives de la traduction neural translation (NMT). translation (MT) and automatic automatique (TA) et neuronale neural (NMT). automatique (NMT).

Italian Original DeepL Google Bing Il gruppo di studio e di The study and information group The Swiss Consciousness Study The study and information group informazione Coscienza svizzera Swiss Consciousness and the and Information Group and the of the Swiss conscience and the e il Dipartimento formazione e Department of Education and SUPSI Training and Learning training and learning apprendimento della SUPSI Learning of SUPSI are organising Department organize a meeting Department of SUPSI organise a organizzano per venerdì 1° a meeting on Friday 1 March on Friday, March 1, entitled meeting entitled "switzerland in marzo un incontro dal titolo “La entitled "Switzerland in its "Switzerland in its relations with its relations with Italian and Italy Svizzera nei suoi rapporti con relations with Italy and with Italy. Italianness and Italy. Culture, for Friday 1st March". culture, l’italianità e con l’Italia. Cultura, Culture, language, politics, language, politics, migration ". language, politics, Migrations. " lingua, politica, migrazioni”. migration". The aim of the day is The aim of the day is to The aim of the day is to deepen Scopo della giornata è to examine in depth some investigate some of the some problematic aspects of approfondire alcuni aspetti problematic aspects of problematic aspects of switzerland's relations with problematici dei rapporti della Switzerland's relations with Italy Switzerland's relations with Italian and italy. During the Svizzera con l’italianità e con and with Italy. The meeting, Italianness and with Italy. meeting, which will take place in l’Italia. Nel corso dell’incontro, which will take place in Locarno, During the meeting, which will Locarno, the director of the che si svolgerà a Locarno, will be attended by the director take place in Locarno, will geopolitical magazine Limes interverranno il direttore della of the geopolitical magazine intervene the director of Lucio caracciolo, Professor rivista di geopolitica Limes Lucio Limes Lucio Caracciolo, Professor geopolitical journal Limes Lucio Renato Martinoni of the Caracciolo, il professor Renato Renato Martinoni of the Caracciolo, Professor Renato University of St. Gallen and the Martinoni dell’Università di San University of St. Gallen and the Martinoni of the University of Director of the Observatory of Gallo e il direttore director of the Observatory of San Gallo and the director of regional political life, will dell’Osservatorio della vita Regional Political Life of the the Observatory for Regional Intervene. Of the University of politica regionale dell’Università University of Lausanne Oscar Political Life at the University of Lausanne Oscar Mazzoleni. di Losanna Oscar Mazzoleni. Mazzoleni. Lausanne Oscar Mazzoleni.