REMEDIATION OF CONTAMINATED MINING SITES TO HALT THE LOSS OF - PowerPoint PPT Presentation

REMEDIATION OF CONTAMINATED MINING SITES TO HALT THE LOSS OF BIODIVERSITY AND ECOSYSTEM SERVICES N.Ardeleanu 1 , G.Lazar 2 , R.Ionce 3 1 Local Environmental Protection Agency of Bacau, Bacau, Romania 2 Department of Environmental Engineering, V. Alecsandri University of Bacau, Bacau, Romania 3Eudemos Organization, Suceava, Romania

 Mining has always had a dual role in industrial development, both in scope of scientific and technical innovations as well as a supplier of raw materials needed to develop industries and transport, being a decisive factor in developing of geographical areas.

EUROPEAN LEGISLATION  Directiv Directive 2006/2 2006/21/EC /EC of the he Eur European pean Parliament arliament and nd of of the the Council ouncil of of 15 Mar March 2006 006 on on the the management anagement of wast aste fr from om extractiv tractive industries industries and and amending mending Directiv irective 2004/35/EC 2004/35/EC - Stat tatement ment by the the Eur European pean Parliament, arliament, the the Council ouncil and and the he Commission Commission  2009/360/EC: 2009/360/EC: Commission ommission Decision ecision of 30 April pril 2009 2009 com completing leting the the technical echnical req requirements irements for wast aste charact characterization rization laid laid do down wn by Directiv Directive 2006/2 2006/21/EC /EC of the he Eur European pean Parliament arliament and nd of of the the Council ouncil on on the the management anagement of wast aste fr from om extractiv tractive industries industries (no (notif ified ied under under document ocument number umber C(2009) (2009) 30 3013)  2000/532/EC: 2000/532/EC: Commission ommission Decision ecision of 3 Ma May 2000 2000 replacing eplacing Decision Decision 94/3/EC /3/EC establishing stablishing a list list of of wast stes es pur pursuant uant to Ar Article ticle 1(a) 1(a) of of Council Council Directiv irective 75/4 75/442/EEC 42/EEC on wast aste and and Council ouncil Decision Decision 94/904/EC /904/EC establishing stablishing a list list of of hazar hazardous dous wast aste pur pursuant uant to Ar Article ticle 1(4) 1(4) of of Council Council Directiv irective 91/689/EEC /689/EEC on on hazar hazardous ous wast aste (no (notif ified ied under document under ocument number umber C(2000) (2000) 1147) (Text xt with with EEA EEA rele relevance) nce)

EUROPEAN LEGISLATION  2009/33 2009/337/EC: 7/EC: Commission ommission Decision ecision of 20 April pril 2009 2009 on on the the definition inition of the the crit riteria ria for or the the classif lassification ication of was aste facilities cilities in in accor accordance ance with with Anne Annex III III of Directiv Directive 2006/2 2006/21/EC 1/EC of of the the Eur uropean opean Parliament arliament and nd of of the the Council ouncil concerning concerning the the manag anagement ement of wast aste fr from om extractiv tractive industries industries (notif ified ied under under document document number number C(2009) C(2009) 2856) 2856)  2009/360/EC: 2009/360/EC: Commission mission Decision ecision of 30 April pril 2009 2009 com comple leting ting the he technical chnical req equireme uirements nts for or wast ste charact haracterization erization laid aid down by Directiv Directive 2006/2 2006/21/EC /EC of the he Eur European pean Parliament rliament and and of the he Council Council on the he management management of of wast ste from extractiv xtractive industries ndustries (no notif tified ed under under document ocument number number C(2009) C(2009) 30 3013)  2009/335/EC: 2009/335/EC: Commission mission Decision ecision of 20 April pril 2009 2009 on on technical chnical guidel idelines ines for the he establ establishment ishment of the he financial nancial guarant uarantee ee in in accor accordance dance with Directiv with Directive 2006/2 006/21/EC /EC of the he Eur European pean Parliament rliament and and of the he Council Council concerning concerning the the manag anagement ement of wast aste fr from om extractiv tractive industries industries (notif ified ied under under document document number number C(2009) C(2009) 2798) 798)

NATIONAL LEGISLATION  Mining Law no. 85/2003  Government Decision no. 856/2008 on the management of extractive waste  Order no. 2042 of 22 November 2010 approving the procedure for the approval of the waste management plan in the extractive industries and its content normative  Government Emergency Ordinance 68/2007 on environmental liability with regard to the prevention and repair of environmental damage  The Mine Closure Manual, approved by Order 273/2001 of the Ministry of Industry and Resources

The The 2016 national ational invent entory identif identified ed 98 984 potentially entially contaminat contaminated ed sit sites spread acr spread across ss economic economic sect sector ors in which hich 156 potentially entially contaminat contaminated ed sit sites in mining mining and nd metallurgy metallurgy industr ndustry. The The largest argest area area in in the the Romanian omanian regions egions are are :  West st (23.2%), (23.2%),  Nor Northeast heast (20.5%), 20.5%),  Nor North West est (19.7%), .7%),  Central Central (12.3%) 12.3%) and nd  South South West est Olt ltenia enia (12.2 (12.2 %). ).

In In Sucea Suceava County ounty, the the Nor orth th -W -West est Region, egion, there there are are signif ignificant cant deposits deposits of of copper copper ore, re, manganese, anganese, salt, salt, uranium uranium ore, re, barit aritone, one, sulfur sulfur, natural atural gas, gas, construction construction rocks, cks, peat peat and and mineral ineral waters. rs. Of Of great great impor ortance tance after er the the Fir First st World rld War ar was the the exploitation xploitation and nd valorization lorization of of manganese. manganese. At present present only nly the he Ulm Ulm deposits eposits (Dorna Dorna Arini) rini) are re exploite ex ted. The The distribution istribution of production duction wast aste by extractiv tractive industr industry, as repor eported by the he economic economic operat operator ors in the he annual annual statistical statistical questionnaires uestionnaires for 2011-20 1-2015, is sho shown in Table able 1.

Table 1. Generation of non-hazardous production waste from extractive industry in Suceava County, 2011-2015 ( Source: Annual Statistical Survey on Waste Generation and Management, LEPA Suceava ) Quantity (tonnes) Economic activity 2011 2012 2013 2014 2015 Extractive industry 24,720.28 14,6966.23 13,8848.57 23,2504.94 55,6283.68

One of the major problems of the mining industry is the storage of residues from both extraction and ore preparation. The impact of this mining waste is on: Wa Water : the chemical and physical pollution of  surface and underground waters, changes in watercourses drainage, including the collection and pumping of mine acid waters

 Soil Soil: soil contamination with heavy metal ions, the occupation of large areas of agricultural land and / or forestry, the risk of landslides terrain

• Ecosyst Ecosystem : the destruction of local ecosystems, affect the fauna mainly due to the restriction of their natural habitat through infrastructure and specific mining activities, as well as due to environmental pollution • landscape destruction • air pollution

SITE DESCRIPTION The The main ain activity ctivity in the he Ulm Ulm Minin ining Perime erimeter er is is the the exploitation ploitation of of manganese manganese ore re by sur surface-t ace-to-q -quarr uarrying ying works. rks. Ulm Ulm mining ining perimet erimeter er is is locat located in the he nor northern hern central central par part of of the the Bistrita istrita Mountains. ountains. The The relief elief of the he region region is is mountainous, mountainous, ranging ranging from 1250 1250 m to 800 800 m. m. The two tailings The tailings dum dumps occup ccupy a land land area area which which was as a pasture o e on w n which the s e soil w l was removed a d and have a v a volume o e of thousand m 3 and 353.78 353.78 thousand and the he occupied occupied area area is is 48.400 48.400 m 2 . T . The tailings dumps a s are located n d near t r two Natura 2000 sites:  the the Special pecial Pr Protection ection Area Area (SP (SPA) Rar ar ă u-Giumal u-Giumal ă u Mountains ountains  the the Special pecial Area Area of of Conser Conservation tion (SA (SAC) Rar ar ă u-Giumal u-Giumal ă u Moun Mountain tains. s.

Table 3 . Protected natural areas in the vicinity No. Name Category Surface (ha) 10.700 1 Calimani National Park National Park Rar ă u-Giumal ă u 2.157,3 2 SPA Mountains 2.547 3 Rar ă u – Giumal ă u SCI