Recent ASSA Results on Comets and Meteors Tim Cooper Director, - PowerPoint PPT Presentation

Astronomical Society of Southern Africa SYMPOSIUM 2002 Recent ASSA Results on Comets and Meteors Tim Cooper Director, Comet and Meteor Section

Astronomical Society of Southern Africa SYMPOSIUM 2002 Agenda • Methodology of Comet Observation • Results on a Selection of Comets • Methodology of Meteor Observation • Results on some Meteor Work • Future Programs and Conclusions

Astronomical Society of Southern Africa SYMPOSIUM 2002 Figure 1 Typical Comet Report IIIYYYYMnL YYYY MM DD.DD eM/mm.m:r AAA.ATF/xxxx /dd.ddnDC /t.ttmANG ICQ XX*OBSxx 12345678901234567890123456789012345678901234567890123456789012345678901234567890 2002C1 2002 02 03.74 S 8.2 AA 5.0B 7 4.5 3 BEG01 2002C1 2002 02 11.75 S 7.5 AA 40.OL 4 72 2 5 20 m COO02 29 2002 04 23.82 B 11.2 AC 20.0C14 85 5.5 7 1.3 XXX01 2010A1 2010 01 01.80 M 5.5:S 11.2L 8 50 10 2 XXX02 2010A1 2010 01 05.81 S 3.5 S 0.0E 1 5 XXX02

Astronomical Society of Southern Africa SYMPOSIUM 2002 Figure 2 Degree of Condensation Scale 0 Totally diffuse without any brightening toward the centre of the coma 1 Very slight brightening 3 Obvious brightening but coma still very diffuse 5 Distinct brightening, would be described as moderately condensed 7 Sharp brightening with some diffuse coma, would be described as strongly condensed 9 Star-like or small disk, little if any duffuse coma

Astronomical Society of Southern Africa SYMPOSIUM 2002 Figure 3 Comet Hale-Bopp C/1995 O1 -2 9 8 0 7 2 6 Telescope Telescope 4 5 Mv Binocular DC Binocular 6 4 Naked Eye Naked Eye 3 8 2 10 1 12 0 920 970 1020 1070 1120 1170 1220 1270 1320 1370 1420 1470 1520 1570 1620 1670 1720 1770 1820 1870 1920 1970 920 970 1020 1070 1120 1170 1220 1270 1320 1370 1420 1470 1520 1570 1620 1670 1720 1770 1820 1870 1920 1970 Julian Date 2449900+ Julian Date 2449900+ 180 160 140 120 arc minutes Telescope 100 Binocular 80 Naked Eye 60 40 20 0 920 970 1020 1070 1120 1170 1220 1270 1320 1370 1420 1470 1520 1570 1620 1670 1720 1770 1820 1870 1920 1970 Julian Date 2449900+

Astronomical Society of Southern Africa SYMPOSIUM 2002 Figure 4 Comet SOHO C/1998 J1 2 9 3 8 4 7 5 6 Mv 6 DC 5 7 4 8 3 9 10 2 0 3 6 9 12 15 18 21 24 27 30 33 36 39 42 45 48 51 54 57 60 0 2 4 6 8 10 12 14 16 18 20 22 24 26 28 30 32 34 36 38 40 42 44 46 48 50 52 54 56 58 60 1998 May 18 + days 1998 May 18 + days

Mv Degrees 10 9 8 7 6 5 4 3 0 1 2 3 4 5 1000 1000 Figure 5 Comet LINEAR C/2001 A2 1007 1007 1014 1014 1021 1021 1028 1028 1035 1035 1042 1042 Julian Date 2451000+ Julian Date 2451000+ 1049 1049 1056 1056 1063 Astronomical Society of Southern Africa 1063 1070 1070 1077 1077 1084 1084 1091 SYMPOSIUM 2002 1091 1098 1098 1105 1105 1112 1112 1119 1119 1126 1126 1133 1133 1140 1140 1147 1147 Pringle-Wood Begbie Cooper Pringle-Wood Begbie Cooper DC Value 0 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 1000 1007 1014 1021 1028 1035 1042 Julian Date 2451000+ 1049 1056 1063 1070 1077 1084 1091 1098 1105 1112 1119 1126 1133 1140 1147 Poly. (Mean) Mean Pringle-Wood Begbie Cooper

Astronomical Society of Southern Africa SYMPOSIUM 2002 Figure 6 Comet LINEAR C/2000 WM1 2 3 4 5 Cooper 6 Mv Begbie 7 Others 8 9 10 11 200 207 214 221 228 235 242 249 256 263 270 277 284 291 298 305 312 319 326 333 340 347 354 361 368 Julian Date 2452000 +

Astronomical Society of Southern Africa SYMPOSIUM 2002 Meteor Rate Calculation Rate = N / T (1) ZHR = N . F . r (6.5-LM) (2) Teff . sin h . C p  ZHR = ZHR /  N (3)

Astronomical Society of Southern Africa SYMPOSIUM 2002 Figure 7 eta Aquarid Activity Profiles

Astronomical Society of Southern Africa SYMPOSIUM 2002 Figure 8 April Lyrid Activity Profiles

Astronomical Society of Southern Africa SYMPOSIUM 2002 Figure 9 Virginid Plots Tim Cooper 1998 March 31 - Apr 5

Astronomical Society of Southern Africa SYMPOSIUM 2002 Figure 10 The Leonids in 1999 600 500 Corrected Rate 400 300 200 100 0 Solar Longitude

Astronomical Society of Southern Africa SYMPOSIUM 2002 Future Programs • CCD photometry of faint comets • Comet search and discovery • Radio monitoring of meteors • Video observation of meteors • Double station photography of meteors

Astronomical Society of Southern Africa SYMPOSIUM 2002 Recent ASSA Results on Comets and Meteors Tim Cooper Director, Comet and Meteor Section

Astronomical Society of Southern Africa SYMPOSIUM 2002 Agenda • Methodology of Comet Observation • Results on a Selection of Comets • Methodology of Meteor Observation • Results on some Meteor Work • Future Programs and Conclusions

Astronomical Society of Southern Africa SYMPOSIUM 2002 Figure 1 Typical Comet Report IIIYYYYMnL YYYY MM DD.DD eM/mm.m:r AAA.ATF/xxxx /dd.ddnDC /t.ttmANG ICQ XX*OBSxx 12345678901234567890123456789012345678901234567890123456789012345678901234567890 2002C1 2002 02 03.74 S 8.2 AA 5.0B 7 4.5 3 BEG01 2002C1 2002 02 11.75 S 7.5 AA 40.OL 4 72 2 5 20 m COO02 29 2002 04 23.82 B 11.2 AC 20.0C14 85 5.5 7 1.3 XXX01 2010A1 2010 01 01.80 M 5.5:S 11.2L 8 50 10 2 XXX02 2010A1 2010 01 05.81 S 3.5 S 0.0E 1 5 XXX02

Astronomical Society of Southern Africa SYMPOSIUM 2002 Figure 2 Degree of Condensation Scale 0 Totally diffuse without any brightening toward the centre of the coma 1 Very slight brightening 3 Obvious brightening but coma still very diffuse 5 Distinct brightening, would be described as moderately condensed 7 Sharp brightening with some diffuse coma, would be described as strongly condensed 9 Star-like or small disk, little if any duffuse coma

Astronomical Society of Southern Africa SYMPOSIUM 2002 Figure 3 Comet Hale-Bopp C/1995 O1 -2 9 8 0 7 2 6 Telescope 4 Telescope 5 Mv Binocular DC Binocular 6 4 Naked Eye Naked Eye 3 8 2 10 1 12 0 920 970 1020 1070 1120 1220 1270 1320 1420 1470 1520 1620 1670 1720 1820 1870 1920 1970 1170 1370 1570 1770 920 970 1020 1070 1120 1170 1220 1270 1320 1370 1420 1470 1520 1570 1620 1670 1720 1770 1820 1870 1920 1970 Julian Date 2449900+ Julian Date 2449900+ 180 160 140 120 arc minutes Telescope 100 Binocular 80 Naked Eye 60 40 20 0 1320 1370 1770 1820 920 970 1020 1070 1120 1170 1220 1270 1420 1470 1520 1570 1620 1670 1720 1870 1920 1970 Julian Date 2449900+

Astronomical Society of Southern Africa SYMPOSIUM 2002 Figure 4 Comet SOHO C/1998 J1 2 9 3 8 4 7 5 6 Mv 6 DC 5 7 4 8 9 3 10 2 0 3 6 9 12 15 18 21 24 27 30 33 36 39 42 45 48 51 54 57 60 0 2 4 6 8 10 14 16 18 20 24 28 30 34 38 42 44 46 48 52 56 60 12 22 26 32 36 40 50 54 58 1998 May 18 + days 1998 May 18 + days

Mv Degrees 10 0 1 2 3 4 5 9 8 7 6 5 4 3 1000 1000 Figure 5 Comet LINEAR C/2001 A2 1007 1007 1014 1014 1021 1021 1028 1028 1035 1035 1042 1042 Julian Date 2451000+ Julian Date 2451000+ 1049 1049 1056 1056 1063 1063 Astronomical Society of Southern Africa 1070 1070 1077 1077 1084 1084 SYMPOSIUM 2002 1091 1091 1098 1098 1105 1105 1112 1112 1119 1119 1126 1126 1133 1133 1140 1140 1147 1147 Pringle-Wood Begbie Cooper Pringle-Wood Begbie Cooper DC Value 0 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 1000 1007 1014 1021 1028 1035 1042 Julian Date 2451000+ 1049 1056 1063 1070 1077 1084 1091 1098 1105 1112 1119 1126 1133 1140 1147 Poly. (Mean) Mean Pringle-Wood Begbie Cooper

Astronomical Society of Southern Africa SYMPOSIUM 2002 Figure 6 Comet LINEAR C/2000 WM1 2 3 4 5 Cooper 6 Mv Begbie 7 Others 8 9 10 11 200 207 214 221 228 235 242 249 256 263 270 277 284 291 298 305 312 319 326 333 340 347 354 361 368 Julian Date 2452000 +

Astronomical Society of Southern Africa SYMPOSIUM 2002 Meteor Rate Calculation Rate = N / T (1) ZHR = N . F . r (6.5-LM) (2) Teff . sin h . C p  ZHR = ZHR /  N (3)

Astronomical Society of Southern Africa SYMPOSIUM 2002 Figure 7 eta Aquarid Activity Profiles

Astronomical Society of Southern Africa SYMPOSIUM 2002 Figure 8 April Lyrid Activity Profiles

Astronomical Society of Southern Africa SYMPOSIUM 2002 Figure 9 Virginid Plots Tim Cooper 1998 March 31 - Apr 5

Astronomical Society of Southern Africa SYMPOSIUM 2002 Figure 10 The Leonids in 1999 600 500 Corrected Rate 400 300 200 100 0 Solar Longitude

Astronomical Society of Southern Africa SYMPOSIUM 2002 Future Programs • CCD photometry of faint comets • Comet search and discovery • Radio monitoring of meteors • Video observation of meteors • Double station photography of meteors