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Distributed Computing and Systems Networks and Distributed Systems Olaf Landsiedel Networks and Distributed Systems What is A computer network? Have you ever seen one? Have you ever used one? A distributed system? Have


  1. Distributed Computing and Systems Networks and Distributed Systems Olaf Landsiedel

  2. Networks and Distributed Systems • What is… – A computer network? • Have you ever seen one? • Have you ever used one? – A distributed system? • Have you ever seen one? • Have you ever used one? 2

  3. Networks and Distributed Systems • A Computer Network is is characterized by – Bring data from A and B – By exchanging messages • A Distributed System is characterized by – Multiple devices – Connected by a network – Cooperating on some task 3

  4. Examples We teach you how to Internet Facebook, etc. Modern Cars build large-scale systems Cloud Computing / Data Center Phone Network Power Grid 4

  5. One more Example • A modern computer is a distributed system – Multi-core CPU – Multi-core GPU – … • Actually – Even a modern cell phone 5

  6. Distributed Systems vs. Networks • Networking is worried about – Sending a message from here to there – Not what you do with the message • Distributed Systems – Assume: There is a way to send messages – Focus: How you build a system using those messages – Teach you what things to do with a network 6

  7. Networks and Distributed Systems HISTORY 7

  8. History • In the examples – Many different distributed systems and networks • How did we get here – Where do all these networks and distributed systems come from? – What is the trend? • Will their number increase even more? 8

  9. 1943 Pre-me (<1979) Pre-you (<1989) I think there is 1989 a world market 1990 for maybe five 1991 computers 1992 1993 1994 Thomas J. Watson, 1943; Chairman and CEO of International Business Machines (IBM) If this statement had been correct, we would not teach: • Computer Networks, Distributed systems, … • Or, more precisely no Computer Science

  10. 1969 Pre-me (<1979) Pre-you (<1989) 1989 1990 1991 1992 1993 1994 ARPANET begins…with a deployment at UCLA, Stanford, UCSB, and Utah (one computer per site)

  11. 1969, 29 Oct, 22:30: Pre-me (<1979) First data on the Internet Pre-you (<1989) 1989 1990 1991 1992 1993 From UCLA to SRI: 1994 lo …. (crash of SRI machine)! Wanted to send “login” First full-login: about one hour later

  12. 1969, 29 Oct, 22:30: Pre-me (<1979) First data on the Internet Pre-you (<1989) 1989 1990 1991 1992 1993 1994 Lessons Learned: 1. First words/letters on the Internet: “lo” 2. Not many things in the Internet work on the first try

  13. 1977 Pre-me (<1979) Pre-you (<1989) 1989 1969 à 1990 1991 1992 1993 1994 ß 1977

  14. Internet 2007 (just the backbone) www2.research.att.com/~north/news/img/ATT_Labs_InternetMap_0730_10.pdf

  15. 1971 Pre-me (<1979) Pre-you (<1989) 1989 1990 1991 1992 1993 1994 Ray Tomlinson creates first email program

  16. 1974 Pre-me (<1979) Pre-you (<1989) 1989 1990 1991 1992 1993 1994 TCP / IP defined by Vint Cerf & Bob Kahn 2004: both received the Turing Award

  17. 1984 Pre-me (<1979) Pre-you (<1989) 1989 1990 1991 1992 1993 1994 Paul Mockapetris introduces DNS

  18. 1989 – The Web Emerges Pre-me (<1979) Pre-you (<1989) 1989 1990 1991 1992 1993 Who invited the Web? 1994 Where was it invented? Tim Berners-Lee writes � Information Management: A proposal � at CERN

  19. 1990 Pre-me (<1979) Pre-you (<1989) 1989 1990 1991 1992 1993 1994 First browser developed at CERN

  20. 1991 Pre-me (<1979) Pre-you (<1989) 1989 1990 1991 1992 1993 1994 First paper appears on the project at Hypertext conference à Only accepted as a poster!

  21. 1993 Pre-me (<1979) Pre-you (<1989) 1989 1990 1991 1992 1993 1994 Mosaic became the first graphical browser CERN agrees to allow public use of web protocol royalty-free!

  22. 1994 Pre-me (<1979) à Mosaic goes commercial Pre-you (<1989) (later becomes Netscape) 1989 à Traditional dialups (AOL, CompuServe, 1990 Prodigy) begin to sell Internet access. 1991 1992 1993 1994 Yahoo circa 1996 � Jerry � s Guide to the world wide web � started … it eventually became Yahoo

  23. 1995+ Pre-me (<1979) Pre-you (<1989) Amazon arrives and the commercialization of the 1989 web begins 1990 1991 Amazon 1992 circa 1993 1999 1994

  24. Today • How many connected devices do you have? • Many! – Desktop – Laptop – (Smart)phone – Tablet – TV / gaming console – … 24

  25. Summary: A bit of History Number of Size per Devices device Cloud computing Mainframe age (60’s & 70’s): PC age (80’s & 90’s): Mobile, ubiquitous computing One computer for many One computer for each, (Today, > 2000): partially networked Many computers for each, 25 25 networked

  26. �� �� � �������������������������������������������������������������������������������������������� �� ��������������������������������������������������������������� �� ������������������������������������������������������ � ���������������������������������������������������������������������������������������� ��� Tomorrow? reach – consumer lifestyle efficiency efficiency , e v a w d r i e h T g l w Networked industries , y e y e v connectivity a w when d n Networked everything o o c Networked society e ork. S y Networked consumer electronics e , t r s s e v a w t s s r i F o . Today 26 26

  27. ������������������������������������������������������ ���������������������������������������������������������������������������������������� �� � �������������������������������������������������������������������������������������������� �� ��������������������������������������������������������������� �� ��� �� � Tomorrow? reach – consumer lifestyle efficiency efficiency , e v a w d r i e h T g l w Networked industries , y e y e v connectivity a w when d n Networked everything o o c Networked society e ork. S y Networked consumer electronics e , t r s s e v a w t s s r i F 2020: More than 50 Billion o . connected devices (Ericsson) Today 27 27

  28. ��� �� � �������������������������������������������������������������������������������������������� �� ��������������������������������������������������������������� �� ������������������������������������������������������ �� � ���������������������������������������������������������������������������������������� Tomorrow? Networked Society! reach – consumer lifestyle efficiency efficiency , e v a w d r e i h T g l w Networked industries , y e y Second wave connectivity when Networked everything o Networked society ork. y Networked consumer electronics e , t r s s e v a w t s s r F i o . • Networks and Distributed Systems touch all aspects of daily life! – Integral building block for our networked society – Strongly increasing in numbers – Result: Very good topic to study ;-) 28

  29. Computer Systems and Networks MASTER PROGRAM 29

  30. https://www.chalmers.se/en/education/programmes/masters-info/Pages/Computer-systems-and-networks.aspx

  31. Computer Systems and Networks

  32. Networks and Distributed Systems COURSES 32

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