Music Tagging Ryan Curtin LUG@GT Ryan Curtin Music Tagging - p. 1

The Problem You have a music collection. It is: » The Problem » Common Music Formats » Common Tag Formats � Large and unwieldy (well, maybe not) » Tag Format != Music Format Music Tags Music Taggers Music Transcoding Audio Fingerprinting Questions and Comments? Ryan Curtin Music Tagging - p. 2

The Problem You have a music collection. It is: » The Problem » Common Music Formats » Common Tag Formats � Large and unwieldy (well, maybe not) » Tag Format != Music Format � Poorly organized, and finding things can be difficult Music Tags Music Taggers Music Transcoding Audio Fingerprinting Questions and Comments? Ryan Curtin Music Tagging - p. 2

The Problem You have a music collection. It is: » The Problem » Common Music Formats » Common Tag Formats � Large and unwieldy (well, maybe not) » Tag Format != Music Format � Poorly organized, and finding things can be difficult Music Tags Music Taggers � Incorrectly or inconsistently tagged Music Transcoding Audio Fingerprinting Questions and Comments? Ryan Curtin Music Tagging - p. 2

The Problem You have a music collection. It is: » The Problem » Common Music Formats » Common Tag Formats � Large and unwieldy (well, maybe not) » Tag Format != Music Format � Poorly organized, and finding things can be difficult Music Tags Music Taggers � Incorrectly or inconsistently tagged Music Transcoding � Full of entirely untagged music Audio Fingerprinting Questions and Comments? Ryan Curtin Music Tagging - p. 2

The Problem You have a music collection. It is: » The Problem » Common Music Formats » Common Tag Formats � Large and unwieldy (well, maybe not) » Tag Format != Music Format � Poorly organized, and finding things can be difficult Music Tags Music Taggers � Incorrectly or inconsistently tagged Music Transcoding � Full of entirely untagged music Audio Fingerprinting � Impossible to tell what music is by its filename Questions and Comments? Ryan Curtin Music Tagging - p. 2

The Problem You have a music collection. It is: » The Problem » Common Music Formats » Common Tag Formats � Large and unwieldy (well, maybe not) » Tag Format != Music Format � Poorly organized, and finding things can be difficult Music Tags Music Taggers � Incorrectly or inconsistently tagged Music Transcoding � Full of entirely untagged music Audio Fingerprinting � Impossible to tell what music is by its filename Questions and Comments? � As ugly as Brian Peppers Ryan Curtin Music Tagging - p. 2

The Problem You have a music collection. It is: » The Problem » Common Music Formats » Common Tag Formats � Large and unwieldy (well, maybe not) » Tag Format != Music Format � Poorly organized, and finding things can be difficult Music Tags Music Taggers � Incorrectly or inconsistently tagged Music Transcoding � Full of entirely untagged music Audio Fingerprinting � Impossible to tell what music is by its filename Questions and Comments? � As ugly as Brian Peppers If this does not apply to you, then go home! Ryan Curtin Music Tagging - p. 2

Common Music Formats Your music collection likely contains some (or all) of the » The Problem » Common Music Formats following: » Common Tag Formats » Tag Format != Music Format � MP3 (MPEG-1 Audio Layer 3) [.mp3] Music Tags � VOB (Ogg Vorbis) [.vob] Music Taggers Music Transcoding � FLAC (Free Lossless Audio Codec) [.flac] Audio Fingerprinting � AAC (Advanced Audio Coding) [.mp4, .m4a] Questions and Comments? � WMA (Windows Media Audio) [.wma] � Speex [.spx] � Monkey’s Audio [.ape] � WAV (are you stupid?) Ryan Curtin Music Tagging - p. 3

Common Tag Formats If your music is tagged, it is likely to be tagged with some (or » The Problem » Common Music Formats all) of the following tag formats: » Common Tag Formats » Tag Format != Music Format � ID3v1 Music Tags � ID3v2.4 Music Taggers Music Transcoding � APE Audio Fingerprinting � APEv2 Questions and Comments? � WMA � Vorbis comments Ryan Curtin Music Tagging - p. 4

Tag Format != Music Format One type of music format can be tagged with another type of » The Problem » Common Music Formats tag format. » Common Tag Formats » Tag Format != Music Format Music Tags Music Taggers Music Transcoding Audio Fingerprinting Questions and Comments? Ryan Curtin Music Tagging - p. 5

Tag Format != Music Format One type of music format can be tagged with another type of » The Problem » Common Music Formats tag format. » Common Tag Formats » Tag Format != Music Format Music Tags For example: Music Taggers Music Transcoding � MP3 with ID3v2.4 Audio Fingerprinting � Monkey’s Audio with APEv2 Questions and Comments? � MP3 with APEv2 Ryan Curtin Music Tagging - p. 5

Tag Format != Music Format One type of music format can be tagged with another type of » The Problem » Common Music Formats tag format. » Common Tag Formats » Tag Format != Music Format Music Tags For example: Music Taggers Music Transcoding � MP3 with ID3v2.4 Audio Fingerprinting � Monkey’s Audio with APEv2 Questions and Comments? � MP3 with APEv2 Some combinations are impossible (WMA with anything not WMA). Ryan Curtin Music Tagging - p. 5

The ID3 Tag http://www.id3.org/ » The Problem » Common Music Formats » Common Tag Formats � Designed with the MP3 format in mind » Tag Format != Music Format � Originally a 128-byte fixed-size tag with title, artist, album, Music Tags » The ID3 Tag year, genre, and a comment » ID3v1 » ID3v1.1 � 30-character limit of text fields » ID3v2 » ID3v2 Frame � Fixed size does not allow more tag fields » ID3v2 Summary » APE » APEv2 � Informal standard: not approved by any standardization body » Vorbis Comments Music Taggers Music Transcoding Audio Fingerprinting Questions and Comments? Ryan Curtin Music Tagging - p. 6

ID3v1 128-byte fixed-size tag at end of MP3: » The Problem » Common Music Formats » Common Tag Formats ’TAG’ 3 bytes » Tag Format != Music Format Music Tags Title 30 bytes » The ID3 Tag » ID3v1 Artist 30 bytes » ID3v1.1 » ID3v2 Album 30 bytes » ID3v2 Frame » ID3v2 Summary Year 4 bytes » APE » APEv2 » Vorbis Comments Comment 30 bytes Music Taggers Genre 1 byte Music Transcoding 80 different genres (created by Eric Kemp). Audio Fingerprinting Questions and Comments? Ryan Curtin Music Tagging - p. 7

ID3v1.1 Slightly more clever 128-byte implementation, by Michael » The Problem » Common Music Formats Mutschler. » Common Tag Formats » Tag Format != Music Format Adds 2-byte tracknumber, reducing the size of the comment Music Tags » The ID3 Tag field to 28 bytes. » ID3v1 » ID3v1.1 » ID3v2 Still horrendously unusable for complicated purposes! » ID3v2 Frame » ID3v2 Summary » APE » APEv2 » Vorbis Comments Music Taggers Music Transcoding Audio Fingerprinting Questions and Comments? Ryan Curtin Music Tagging - p. 8

ID3v2 New, variable-size tag. Likely at beginning of file (or end, or » The Problem » Common Music Formats middle, but nobody puts them there). » Common Tag Formats » Tag Format != Music Format Tag header 10 bytes "ID3", flags Music Tags » The ID3 Tag » ID3v1 Extended header Variable (>6B) Restriction data » ID3v1.1 » ID3v2 ID3 Frame Variable A single tag » ID3v2 Frame » ID3v2 Summary Padding Optional Must be 0x0 » APE » APEv2 Footer 10 bytes "3DI" » Vorbis Comments Music Taggers Music Transcoding Audio Fingerprinting Questions and Comments? Ryan Curtin Music Tagging - p. 9

ID3v2 Frame Each tag is made up of several frames, of this format: » The Problem » Common Music Formats » Common Tag Formats Frame ID 4 bytes 4-character ID » Tag Format != Music Format Music Tags Size 4 bytes 32-bit integer » The ID3 Tag » ID3v1 Flags 2 bytes Status, format » ID3v1.1 » ID3v2 Frame Info Variable (>1B) Actual tag data » ID3v2 Frame » ID3v2 Summary » APE » APEv2 » Vorbis Comments Music Taggers Music Transcoding Audio Fingerprinting Questions and Comments? Ryan Curtin Music Tagging - p. 10

ID3v2 Summary � Huge improvement over ID3v1 » The Problem » Common Music Formats » Common Tag Formats » Tag Format != Music Format Music Tags » The ID3 Tag » ID3v1 » ID3v1.1 » ID3v2 » ID3v2 Frame » ID3v2 Summary » APE » APEv2 » Vorbis Comments Music Taggers Music Transcoding Audio Fingerprinting Questions and Comments? Ryan Curtin Music Tagging - p. 11

ID3v2 Summary � Huge improvement over ID3v1 » The Problem » Common Music Formats � Allows new tags to be created (at author’s discretion) » Common Tag Formats » Tag Format != Music Format Music Tags » The ID3 Tag » ID3v1 » ID3v1.1 » ID3v2 » ID3v2 Frame » ID3v2 Summary » APE » APEv2 » Vorbis Comments Music Taggers Music Transcoding Audio Fingerprinting Questions and Comments? Ryan Curtin Music Tagging - p. 11

Music Tagging Ryan Curtin LUG@GT Ryan Curtin Music Tagging - p. 1 - PowerPoint PPT Presentation

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