Modelling the impact of beliefs and communication on attitude - PowerPoint PPT Presentation

I NTRODUCTION R ELATED W ORKS M ODEL E VALUATION C ONCLUSION Modelling the impact of beliefs and communication on attitude dynamics: a cognitive agent-based approach Kei-Léo Brousmiche 1 , 3 Jean-Daniel Kant 2 Nicolas Sabouret 2 Stephane Fournier 3 François Prenot-Guinard 3 1 LIP6 - Université Pierre & Marie Curie, Paris, France 2 LIMSI-CNRS - Université Paris-Sud, Orsay, France 3 Airbus Defense & Space, Elancourt, France Journées des thèses, Val de Reuil, 2014 kei-leo.brousmiche@lip6.fr LIP6, Airbus D&S, LIMSI 1

I NTRODUCTION R ELATED W ORKS M ODEL E VALUATION C ONCLUSION Context: Stabilization Operations Needs for new systems Population-centric training systems Perception-attitude-behaviour dynamics toward Forces Social simulation Attitude dynamics Agent-based modelling kei-leo.brousmiche@lip6.fr LIP6, Airbus D&S, LIMSI 2

I NTRODUCTION R ELATED W ORKS M ODEL E VALUATION C ONCLUSION Objectives Model of attitude dynamics based on Psychological theories Representation of beliefs Model of communication Belief exchange Social network Inter-ethnic conflicts Model social groups kei-leo.brousmiche@lip6.fr LIP6, Airbus D&S, LIMSI 3

I NTRODUCTION R ELATED W ORKS M ODEL E VALUATION C ONCLUSION Classical Attitude Models in Social Simulation Simple models e.g binary, discrete or real values [Nowak et al., 1990] ✪ Do not consider the construction mechanism of the attitude [Urbig and Malitz, 2007] Sum of the evaluations of the object’s features ✪ Bounded-confidence model ⇒ attitude-beliefs connections are lost ✪ Agents shouldn’t have unllimited memory kei-leo.brousmiche@lip6.fr LIP6, Airbus D&S, LIMSI 4

I NTRODUCTION R ELATED W ORKS M ODEL E VALUATION C ONCLUSION An Attitude Models in Psychology Attitude as object-evaluation associations [Fazio, 2007] ✦ Links between attitude and beliefs ✦ Limited memory and varying accessibilies kei-leo.brousmiche@lip6.fr LIP6, Airbus D&S, LIMSI 5

I NTRODUCTION R ELATED W ORKS M ODEL E VALUATION C ONCLUSION Communication What to communicate? Attitude itself [Xia et al., 2010, Castellano et al., 2009] Or part of [Urbig and Malitz, 2007, Thiriot and Kant, 2007] ● However: no psychological theory describes the impact of attitude exchange conversational narratives represents up to 40 % of daily communication [Eggins and Slade, 1997] ✇ Belief exchange To whom? Small-world [Milgram, 1967] Social groups kei-leo.brousmiche@lip6.fr LIP6, Airbus D&S, LIMSI 6

I NTRODUCTION R ELATED W ORKS M ODEL E VALUATION C ONCLUSION General Principle kei-leo.brousmiche@lip6.fr LIP6, Airbus D&S, LIMSI 7

I NTRODUCTION R ELATED W ORKS M ODEL E VALUATION C ONCLUSION Agent Cognition kei-leo.brousmiche@lip6.fr LIP6, Airbus D&S, LIMSI 8

I NTRODUCTION R ELATED W ORKS M ODEL E VALUATION C ONCLUSION Communication and Belief Revision Credibility: direct > population > Force 1 Belief revision when individual i receives a ( sender ) 2 [Thiriot and Kant, 2008]: – action unknown, accept a ( sender ) – know compatible, reinforce a ( i ) – know incompatible, probability to accept a ( sender ) Heuristic of information relay: based on Credibility and Recency 3 kei-leo.brousmiche@lip6.fr LIP6, Airbus D&S, LIMSI 9

I NTRODUCTION R ELATED W ORKS M ODEL E VALUATION C ONCLUSION Benefit Evaluation Agents evaluate actions based on its payoff and their attitudes toward the beneficiaries. eval ( a , i ) = OWA ip ∈ impactList ( a , i ) ( payoff ( ip ) × att ( i , subject ( ip ))) Evaluation model inspired from [Ajzen and Fishbein, 2005] OWA: O rdered W eighted A verage operator [Yager, 1988] kei-leo.brousmiche@lip6.fr LIP6, Airbus D&S, LIMSI 10

I NTRODUCTION R ELATED W ORKS M ODEL E VALUATION C ONCLUSION Accessibility of a Belief Peak-End Theory [Kahneman et al., 2003] to select “most accessible” beliefs acc ( a , i ) = α × credibility ( a , i ) + β × unexpectedness ( a , i ) + γ × impactAmplitude ( a , i ) + δ × recency ( a , i ) kei-leo.brousmiche@lip6.fr LIP6, Airbus D&S, LIMSI 11

I NTRODUCTION R ELATED W ORKS M ODEL E VALUATION C ONCLUSION Attitude construction � � att ( i , f ) = tanh ρ. OWA a ( i ) ∈ aList ( i ) ( eval ( a , i ) × acc ( a , i )) kei-leo.brousmiche@lip6.fr LIP6, Airbus D&S, LIMSI 12

I NTRODUCTION R ELATED W ORKS M ODEL E VALUATION C ONCLUSION Basic Behavior 100 agents ; 3 social groups ; 1 Force ; 3 actions kei-leo.brousmiche@lip6.fr LIP6, Airbus D&S, LIMSI 13

I NTRODUCTION R ELATED W ORKS M ODEL E VALUATION C ONCLUSION Discordant Information Broadcast kei-leo.brousmiche@lip6.fr LIP6, Airbus D&S, LIMSI 14

I NTRODUCTION R ELATED W ORKS M ODEL E VALUATION C ONCLUSION Conclusion We proposed an attitude dynamics based on socio-psychological theories a construction of attitude that relies on beliefs with beliefs revision through communication a generic model Futur works more socio-psychological theories less parameters introduction of emotion real case study kei-leo.brousmiche@lip6.fr LIP6, Airbus D&S, LIMSI 15

References I Ajzen, I. and Fishbein, M. (2005). The influence of attitudes on behavior. In Albarrac, D., Johnson, B. T., and Zanna, M. P ., editors, The handbook of attitudes , pages 173–221. Lawrence Erlbaum Associates Publishers, Mahwah, NJ, US. Castellano, C., Fortunato, S., and Loreto, V. (2009). Statistical physics of social dynamics. Reviews of modern physics , 81(2):591. Eggins, S. and Slade, D. (1997). Analysing casual conversation . Equinox Publishing Ltd. Fazio, R. H. (2007). Attitudes as object-evaluation associations of varying strength. Social Cognition , 25(5):603. Kahneman, D., Kahneman, D., and Tversky, A. (2003). Experienced utility and objective happiness: A moment-based approach. The psychology of economic decisions , 1:187–208. kei-leo.brousmiche@lip6.fr LIP6, Airbus D&S, LIMSI 16

References II Milgram, S. (1967). The small world problem. Psychology today , 2(1):60–67. Nowak, A., Szamrej, J., and Latane, B. (1990). From private attitude to public opinion: A dynamic theory of social impact. Psychological Review , 97(3):362. Thiriot, S. and Kant, J.-D. (2007). Représenter les croyances par des réseaux associatifs pour simuler la diffusion d’innovations. ESSA , 7:2. Thiriot, S. and Kant, J.-D. (2008). Reproducing stylized facts of word-of-mouth with a naturalistic multi-agent model. In Second World Congress on Social Simulation , volume 240. Urbig, D. and Malitz, R. (2007). Drifting to more extreme but balanced attitudes: Multidimensional attitudes and selective exposure. ESSA, Toulouse . kei-leo.brousmiche@lip6.fr LIP6, Airbus D&S, LIMSI 17

References III Xia, H., Wang, H., and Xuan, Z. (2010). Opinion dynamics: Disciplinary origins, recent developments, and a view on future trends. Yager, R. R. (1988). On ordered weighted averaging aggregation operators in multicriteria decisionmaking. Systems, Man and Cybernetics, IEEE Transactions on , 18(1):183–190. kei-leo.brousmiche@lip6.fr LIP6, Airbus D&S, LIMSI 18