Modeling and Simulation for Acquisition, Requirements and Training: The Army SMART Model Presentation to: The National Summit on U.S. Defense Policy: Acquisition, Research, Test and Evaluation Michelle T. Bevan IIT - Research Institute 26 March 2001 1 Slide
Report Documentation Page Report Date Report Type Dates Covered (from... to) 26032001 N/A - Title and Subtitle Contract Number Modeling and Simulation for Acquisition, Requirements Grant Number and Training: The Army SMART Model Program Element Number Author(s) Project Number Bevan, Michelle T. Task Number Work Unit Number Performing Organization Name(s) and Address(es) Performing Organization Report Number IIT - Research Institute Sponsoring/Monitoring Agency Name(s) and Sponsor/Monitor’s Acronym(s) Address(es) NDIA (National Defense Industrial Association 2111 Sponsor/Monitor’s Report Number(s) Wilson Blvd., Ste. 400 Arlington, VA 22201-3061 Distribution/Availability Statement Approved for public release, distribution unlimited Supplementary Notes Proceedings from National Summit on U.S. Defense Policy: Acquisition, Research, Test and Evaluation, 26-30 March 2001 sponsored by NDIA. Abstract Subject Terms Report Classification Classification of this page unclassified unclassified Classification of Abstract Limitation of Abstract unclassified UU Number of Pages 22
Simulation Based Acquisition (SBA) Definition of SBA An iterative, integrated product and process approach to acquisition , using modeling and simulation, that enables the w arfighting, resource allocation, and acquisition communities to fulfill the w arfighter’s material needs, w hile maintaining Cost As an Independent Variable (CAIV) over the system’s entire lifecycle and w ithin the DoD’s system of systems. SBA: A New Approach, 1997-1998, DSMC Military Research Fellows 2 Slide
SBA Vision & Goals Vision …to have an Acquisition Process in w hich DoD and Industry are enabled by robust, collaborative use of simulation technology that is integrated across acquisition phases and programs. Goals • Substantially reduce the time, resources and risk associated w ith the entire acquisition process; • Increase the quality, military w orth and supportability of fielded systems, w hile reducing their operating and sustaining costs throughout the total life cycle; • Enable Integrated Product and Process Development (IPPD) across the entire acquisition lifecycle. SBA Special Interest Area www.msiac.dmso.mil/sba/ SBA Roadmap Presentation, Robin Frost, SIW Spring 99 3 Slide
SBA is SMART for the Army* “SBA is an Office of the Secretary of Defense (OSD) initiative to reform the acquisition process so that the acquisition community uses modeling and simulation (M&S) robustly throughout the acquisition life cycle. The goals of SBA are to reduce the time to field systems , reduce total costs , and increase the military utility of fielded systems . These goals are of primary concern to the Army, but we recognize that we cannot achieve them through the efforts of the acquisition community alone. It requires the combined , integrated efforts of the Acquisition Workforce along with the requirements and training communities , hence the name SMART.” *From an article of the same name by LTG Paul J. Kern and Ellen M. Purdy, RDA Magazine, May 1999 4 Slide
Acquisition Life Cycle: The Traditional View Major Phase Activities Operational Mission Analysis Systems Systems Support, Area of Engineering, Engineering, Configuration Assessments Alternatives DT&E OT&E Management PHASE 0 PHASE I PHASE II PHASE III Determination Demilitarization of Mission PROGRAM PRODUCTION, FIELDING/ ENGINEERING & & CONCEPT Need DEFINITION & RISK DEPLOYMENT, & MANUFACTURING Disposal EXPLORATION REDUCTION DEVELOPMENT OPERATIONAL SUPPORT MS 0 MS I MS II MS III Approval Approval Approval Production or to Conduct to Begin a to Enter Fielding/ Concept New Acquisition Engineering & Deployment Studies Program Manufacturing Approval Development 5 Slide
New Acquisition Process OLD: MS0 MSI MSII MSIII CE PDRR EMD PDOS NEW: A B C IOC FOC Production & Concept & System Development Operations Deployment Technology FRP & Demonstration & Support OT & E Decision Development Review Sustainment Systems Acquisition Pre-Systems Acquisition (Engineering & Manufacturing, LRIP & Production) DoDI 5000.2; Operation of the Defense Acquisition System; 23 October 2000 6 Slide
Iterative Acquisition Process Prove Military Need Use Suite of Models to Emulate battlefield Transition Smoothly to Field Pre Milestone 0 - Manual Proven - Trained personnel Test Concepts - Doctrine Ready “Real World” of Before Equipment Milestone 1 simulation injecting Arrives in field w arfighter into process Milestone 3 Reduce Program Risks Refine Requirements - Design Milestone 2 - Get user involved - System Integration - Prevent “gold plating” - Transition to Production - Testing Simulation and Reform of the Acquisition Process. Adapted from Shiflett et al. (1995) 7 Slide
The SMART Model 3 Components : • Process - Iterative and ‘model-test-model’ rather than ‘test-fix-test’. HOW? • Environment - Collaborative, seamless, web-oriented. WHERE? • Culture - Integrated teams, changing roles and responsibilities. WHO? 8 Slide
SMART Process •Integration of: Throughout the Lifecycle - Requirements Technology Insertion at Any Point Reusing Data from Previous M&S - Functional Design - Implementation Design A B C IOC FOC Sys Dev & Demo Prod & Deployment Opns Spt Cncpt & Tech Dev OT & E •Rapid Evaluation of Multiple Options •Electronic Exchange of System Models •Iterative, spiral process 9 Slide
Spiral Development Test Input Further Component Improved Model Refines Model, Hardware Provides More Making Possible Improved Introduced Realistic Data Hardware Design More Realistic Data Interactive Test Data Used to Testing Focus Can Leads to More Testing Validates/ Make a More Be Narrowed to Save Effective and Authenticates Realistic Model Time and Resources Efficient Testing Model An Interactive Process: M&S Guides T&E; T&E Improves the Model LTG Paul J. Kern Presentation to Army Test and Evaluation Days, 7/26/00 10 Slide
SMART Environment •Collaborative, distributed engineering •Information Repository •User Transparent Web-style Access Crusader Example: Integrated Data Environment: The Army’s Next Generation Self Propelled Howitzer (SPH) and Resupply Vehicle (RSV) 11 Slide
SMART Culture •Changing Roles and Responsibilities •Enabled Integrated Process Teams •Using M&S Data Through the Acquisition Lifecycle Comanche (RAH-66) Example: Integrated Data Teams Boeing/Sikorsky/Government 12 Slide
SMART Difference T& E Team Drafting Board Wind Tunnel Tests Sensor Team Construction Production Test & Evaluation in Plant Airframe Team Team Traditional Mock-up & Full Collaborative Virtual Prototyping Scale Prototyping • Employs latest technology • Employs excessive personnel • Investigates unlimited design options and facilities • Reduces cost & improves time to first • Time consuming & expensive article 13 Slide
Where Is Cost Determined? 90% of Total Cost Set Before 100 Full Rate Production Cost Committed 80 85% by End of 70% by MS B System Definition 60 The Cost of a system 40 is set before Cost Expended most people 20 ever see that system in the field 0 IOC A B C Prod & Concept & System Operations & Depl’mnt Tech Dev FRP Development & Support Decision OT & E Demonstration Review 14 Slide
M&S in Acquisition Pre-Milestone A Extended Air Defense Simulation (EADSIM) Mission Area Assessments Use suite of models & simulations Mission Need Statement (MNS) Use campaign & theater level models in conjunction with results of lower level models EADSIM is an example of a constructive model at the mission level. 15 Slide
M&S in Acquisition Concept and Technology Development ORD Generation Use operational effectiveness & supportability models Use threat models Analysis of Alternatives Use cost & operational effectiveness models Use support models RFP Specify government-owned M&S products Identify M&S requirements BRAWLER, a constructive model at System Cost Elements the engagement level, Use cost models (program & life cycle) can be used in all phases of acquisition to Program Planning predict system Use schedule, risk, plans models performance. iac.dtic.mil/surviac/prod_serv/model_guide/brawler.html 16 Slide
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