Millet and Livelihood of vulnerable community with special focus on Women E.D.Israel Oliver King , Principal Scientist M.S.Swaminathan Research Foundation, Namakkal oliverking@mssrf.res.in Embracing Millets back to life ‐ National Millet Conference 2016 21 May 2016, Bhopal
Scheme of Presentation Part 1 : Millets, Role of Women and participatory research and development work of MSSRF Part 2: 1. Emerging market opportunities for millets in Periurban and Urban context 2. New development in small scale millet processing equipments 3. Reflection on the status of millets in PDS in Karnataka and Tamil Nadu 4. Issues and opportunities in millet growing regions in Tamil Nadu using 4 C Framework
CLIMATE SMART NUTRITIOUS MILLETS FOXTAIL MILLET FINGER MILLET LITTLE MILLET (Setaria italica) (Panicum sumatrense) (Eleucine coracana) + indicates the drought hardiness + + + + + + + + + + + + Kodo millet Proso Millet Paspalum scrobiculatum Panicum miliaceum Millets are hardy, nutritious but neglected
Kolli Hills, Eastern Ghats, India Millet Landraces Diversity Climate Resilient Practices; Mixed across Species in Kolli Hills Cropping – Coping Mechanism Against Natural Calamities * Farm level variability exist based on land terrain, Soil, Farmers preferences
Gender Role in Millet Farming and Processing Decision Making (%) Work Participation (%) Activities of Millet Cultivation Men Women Both Men Women Both 1. Selection of crop for cultivation 44.16 27.27 28.57 36.51 19.05 44.44 2. Selection of variety (seed) 45.95 35.14 18.92 42.86 30.16 26.98 3. If seed is purchased, who decides & do 49.33 34.67 16.00 43.94 25.76 30.30 4. Field cleaning 31.58 32.89 35.53 17.81 31.51 50.68 5. Land preparation (ploughing or digging) 65.79 14.47 19.74 54.67 16.00 29.33 6. Transport & application of manure 54.93 18.31 26.76 42.86 18.57 38.57 7. Seed treatment 36.84 42.11 21.05 47.37 42.11 10.53 8. Sowing seeds (broadcast/row planting) 45.45 27.27 27.27 44.00 24.00 32.00 9. Chemical fertilizer application 55.36 25.00 19.64 51.79 25.00 23.21 10. Hand weeding 10.00 58.55 30.00 11.59 62.32 27.54 11. Interculture/mechanical weeding 11.36 70.45 18.18 4.55 70.45 25.00 12. Plant protection measures 21.92 27.40 50.68 16.44 30.14 53.42 13. Watching from crop damage 16.44 28.77 54.79 24.66 24.66 50.68 14. Harvesting main crop 11.84 39.47 48.68 6.76 45.95 47.30 Activities of Post Harvest processing, Storage and Market 15. Threshing & cleaning 9.33 50.67 40.00 5.48 52.05 42.47 16. Cleaning & drying grain 5.33 58.67 36.00 6.85 60.27 32.88 17. Transporting the grain 26.76 30.99 42.25 18.31 35.21 46.48 18. Drying grain e.g seed/consumption/marketing 11.76 51.47 36.76 8.96 52.24 38.81 19. Storage of grain 11.86 47.46 40.68 8.96 56.72 34.33 20. Seed selection and storage 21.31 31.15 47.54 18.33 30.00 51.67 21. Marketing of grain/fodder 22.81 28.07 49.12 25.00 25.00 50.00 22. Receiving & handling the money 10.77 50.77 38.46 12.31 47.69 40.00 23. Marketing of grain/fodder 41.18 26.47 32.35 38.24 29.41 32.35 24. Receiving & handling the money 32.50 37.50 30.00 30.00 40.00 30.00 MSSRF NUS Survey/FGD 2012 ‐ 2013
Post harvest processing machineries for Little and Foxtail Millets 131.52 140 Manual Pounding Dehusking mill 120 100 80 60 40 4.6 20 0 Manual Mechanical Duration in Minutes Double Mc gill Hopper Dehusker Rubber and Single with Husker and Perfura CIAE model of Sheller Sheller Hopper Polisher Stone Machine 77 ‐ 82% 90 % 82 ‐ 85% 68 ‐ 70% 65%
KOLLI HILLS NATURAL FOODS Baked, Value Added FRIEMS Products ITALIAN Puffed & Finger Millet Malt MILLET Fried….. (Ragi Malt) Thinai Payasa Mix Neutraceuti cal Mixes Thinai Laddu Samai Bajji Mix BUNS DIABETIC MIX BAKED Samai Uppuma Mix COOKIES LITTLE Samai Rava Dosa Mix MILLET Little Millet rice Italian Millet rice Finger Millet Flour
Millet Value Chain Development Linkages of products to Health foods shops and organic outlets Producer – Procurer ‐ processor – Value adder Chennai (2) – Distributor ‐ Consumer Madurai (1) Thiruppathur (1) Erode (1) Quantity of different form of millets Marketed 2001 ‐ 2015 Viluppuram Mayiladudhurai (1) (1) Year Whole Little and Italian Value Added Gross Returns (Rs) Salem (4) Karaikkal (1) Coimbatore (2) Grain Millet Rava and Products (Kg) Kolli Hills (3) (Kg) Flour (Kg) Paramathi Velur (1) Karur (1) 2001-2002 9000 1200 62,000 Kumbakonam(1) Thiruchengode (1) 2002-2003 2662 70,068 Dindigul (1) Namakkal (3) 2003-2004 1365 25,524 Tanjavur (2) 2004-2005 3138 71,500 Vellakovil (1) Thiruppur (1) 2005-2006 2255 1110 1,16,098 2006-2007 1062 240 50,598 2007-2008 1770 414.45 73,694 Kolli Hills Natural 2008-2009 2672 831 1,29,639 Food Shop 2009-2010 1465 1061 1,25,853 Managed by the 2010-2011 681 984 1,32,893 KHABCOFED 2011-2012 1373 1119.75 2,42,422 Collectives of the Members of the 2012-2013 3658 1660.2 4,20,054 federation 2013-2014 5486.5 1497.85 5,49,908 Function as a Hub in 2014-2015 5227.5 1405.35 5,50,201 the supply chain of the Kolli Hills 9000 34015 10323.6 26,20,452 Total products
Community Based Asset building • Creating Common Property • Partnership deed in SHG • MOU with the Block development Office • Tax Payer’s Identification Number certificate (TIN) • Sales Tax Certificate (CTC) • Small Scale industry certificate (SSI) • Tamil Nadu Food Safety and Drug Administration Certificate Sales Deed Dhan Partnership TIN Cert Sales Tax Cert. SSI Cert. FSSAI Settlement Deed
Promoting Nutritional literacy with traditional crops
Campaigning for Millets � Mass campaign for inculcating importance of millets in Conservation, Road Show Folk Theatre Rural Markets Cultivation, Nutrition, Value addition, Consumption and linking with Markets Exhibitions at Various Fora Awareness ‐ Street play International raising and in villages Fora marketing campaigns, Exhibitions have increased Self Help Groups School exhibitions the use of Traditional food millets among mela Linking with markets users
Engaging Youth, Panchayat Raj Institutions, State departments
Stakeholder, Policy makers, Scientists, Administrators
Collective Action and Governance Governance Structure Assets of KHABCOFED � Total of 109 Groups (16 Men, 30 Women, 1 Mixed , 62 Farmers clubs � Membership of 985 Males and 526 Females � Millet producers, Custodian Farmers, Organic producers,Traditional Knowledge holder, Folk Artists,Healers and Entrepreneurs � Managing 9 Pulversing mills,3 Dehsuking and Flour mill � Organic produce collection centres and Community based Value addition units each at three locations Village Millet resource Centres at 16 � location � Managing Internal control systems farms under organic farming � Community based natural food shops at 2 locations Total Financial turnover is 75, 29, � 913INR
Emerging dimensions in Small Millet Chain
Millet supply/ Value chain pattern � Farmers Local procurers Organic shops Millet Store, Re Store, Allmaa 100, Valam, Bio Organic � Own Farm Organic shops Jay CEE Greens, Amirtham, F5 Stores � Own farm Packed Products Own shop Commission Agencies Other Shops Eco Care � Origin diversified source Organic shops Consumers Many Products and Whole Grain � Own Farm whole sale vendor Sriramulu, Jawadi hills � Farmers Local procurers Commission Agency Whole Sale shops provision Stores Dept stores
Millets species, Market Domains and Consumers Push cart Wet Flour Restaurant Organic Shop Whole Sale Star type vendors Vendors Hotel Pearl millet Finger millet Finger millet Finger millet Finger millet Finger millet Shurghum Pearl millet Pearl millet Pearl millet Italian Millet Finger miller Barnyard Barnyard Barnyard millet millet millet Italian Millet Italian Millet Italian Millet Kodo millet Kodo millet Kodo millet Sorghum Sorghum Sorghum Middle and Families Middle and Upper middle Dealers and Elite Lower middle Middle and Upper middle class and Elite Local class Lower middle class Vendors, class Agencies, Commission Agents
Brands and Certification in Millets • Ecocare, 24 Manthra,Mayoora,Sai foods,Little Millets,Jawadi Hills, Pristine, Pro ‐ nature, Nature land, Kavalam • Whole grain, Processed food, Labelled products • IMO, USDA, EU, ECOCERT, PGS • Food Safety and Standards Authority of India (FSSAI) • Committee of organic foods, Tamil Nadu • Average INR 60 ‐ 70/500 gms
Branded millet foods ‐ Almaa100 – Selaiyur ‐ Chennai � Branded Foods – Ecocare, 24 Manthra, Mayoora, Vriksha, Terra Locally made products � Sweets and Biscuts – Dealers mixing with other flour Maida, Wheat, Rice flour
Whole Grains ‐ reSTORE ‐ kottivakkam ‐ chennai • Only organic millets and Whole grains only • Direct procurement from Farmers • Keeps Less profit margin • Awareness about millets – Use Media support • Organise workshops • Connected with – “Millets Store” – a non profit organisation
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