Microscopes reveal the world of the cell Electron microscopes (EM) - - PowerPoint PPT Presentation

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Microscopes reveal the world of the cell Electron microscopes (EM) - - PowerPoint PPT Presentation

Microscopes reveal the world of the cell Electron microscopes (EM) SEM TEM Most cells are microscopic Prokaryotic cells are structurally simpler than eukaryotic cells Eukaryotic cells are partitioned into functional compartments (Animal)


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Microscopes reveal the world of the cell

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Electron microscopes (EM)

SEM TEM

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Most cells are microscopic

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Prokaryotic cells are structurally simpler than eukaryotic cells

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Eukaryotic cells are partitioned into functional compartments (Animal)

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Plant Cell

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The structure of membranes correlates with their functions

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Cell structures that involve in manufacturing and breakdown

  • The Nucleus
  • Ribosomes
  • The endoplasmic reticulum

The Golgi apparatus

  • The Golgi apparatus
  • Lysosomes
  • Vacuoles
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The nucleus is the cells genetic control center

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Ribosomes make proteins for use in the cell and export

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Overview: Many cell organelles are connected through the endomembrane system

  • Many of the membranes of the eukaryotic cell

are part of an ENDOMEMBRANE SYSTEM Some of these membranes are physically

  • Some of these membranes are physically

connected and some are related by the transfer of membrane segments by tiny VESICLES

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The endoplasmic reticulum is a biosynthetic factory

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Synthesis, modification, and packaging

  • f a secretory protein

Rough ER:

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The Golgi apparatus finishes, sorts, and ships cell products

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Lysosomes are digestive compartments within a cell

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Vacuoles function in the general maintenance of the cell

Paramecium Plant Cell

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A review of the structures involved in manufacturing and breakdown

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Energy-converting Organelles

  • The Mitochondria harvest chemical energy

from food. The Chloroplast converts solar energy to

  • The Chloroplast converts solar energy to

chemical energy

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Mitochondria harvest chemical energy from food

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Chloroplast convert solar energy to chemical energy

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Mitochondria and chloroplasts evolved by endosymbiosis

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The cell’s internal skeleton helps

  • rganize its structure and activities

MICROFILAMENT INTERMEDIATE FILAMENT MICROTUBLE

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Cilia and flagella move when microtubules bend

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The extracellular matrix of animal cells functions in support, movement, and regulation

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Three types of cell junctions are found in animal tissues

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Cells walls enclose and support plant cells

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Review: Eukaryotic cell structures can be grouped on the basis of four basic functions