Microgrid Research at eCAL Professor Scott Moura Assistant - PowerPoint PPT Presentation

Microgrid Research at eCAL Professor Scott Moura Assistant Professor | eCAL Director University of California, Berkeley

Publications

Activities 1. Oakland EcoBlock 2. Microgrids with Airborne Wind Energy 3. Blockchain: Decentralized Coordination of DERs

Activities 1. Oakland EcoBlock 2. Microgrids with Airborne Wind Energy 3. Blockchain: Decentralized Coordination of DERs

Oakland EcoBlock Pathway to Urban Sustainability: A Transformative Response to Climate Change

How can millions of ageing, inefficient homes be used to: v enable a zero-carbon, low water-use future, v eliminate GHG emissions, v reduce stress on potable water, stormwater & wastewater infrastructure, v mitigate urban heat island extremes, v meet or surpass renewable energy goals

By aggregating common-pool resources on a block scale: v energy v water v wastewater v food v transportation fuel v Today, sourced individually from a distant location v Tomorrow, can be pooled collectively & locally at huge savings.

Block-scale retrofits can solve the integrated design problem of greening our cities 1. Energy 2. Transportation 3. Water 4. Wastewater 5. Microclimate 6. Food

Solar block-scale retrofits drive urban renewal while resolving carbon-free, resource-use optimization Energy Goal: Reduce imported energy consumption by 80%

Oakland EcoBlock profile Ø 28 b 28 buildings 1. 27 houses (often 2-3 units per house) 2. 2 multiple dwellings (20 studio apartments) Ø av averag age building building ag age: over 100 year ars 1. mostly in need of significant restoration 2. energy inefficient - big contribution to GHGs 3. water wasteful Ø dem emog ographics 1. families + kids, older singles, retired couples 2. approximately 110+ inhabitants Ø mix ixed d eth ethniciti ties es 1. mostly white, Asian, African-American Ø soc socio-ec econ onom omic sta statu tus 1. lower-to-middle class 2. some gentrification

Electricity: communal, solar rooftop microgrid system Utility Garage

All solar electricity: integrated overview Flywheel storage

All-solar electric: communal, solar rooftop DC microgrid • System arch chitect cture : Ø ~200 kW PV, DC microgrid Ø operates via a utility loop under the sidewalk (bl ) w/ single (blue ue) inverter connection to grid Ø utility garage housing power electronics & flywheel storage • Esti stima mate ted d PV PV syste system m ou outp tput: t: 300 MWh/year Ø remove gas combustion in homes Ø drive down electricity costs Ø Increase reliability & resilience

Communal, on-site advanced flywheel storage • syste ystem m arch chitect cture • 100kW distributed by 10 units • energy capacity = 10kW x 2.5 hrs = 25 kWh/unit • net energy rating = 250 k 250 kWh • fly lywheel l tech chnology • 30-year design life • zero CO 2 emissions • no capacity degradation • no hazardous materials • low cost manufacturing process • high end-of-life value material • 100% recyclable

Nighttime storage for homes, EVs & street lighting

Research Challenges • Uncertain solar generation, load consumption, EV behavior • Planning software for EV charging poles • Control software for energy management, and grid services • Security & Trust

Activities 1. Oakland EcoBlock 2. Microgrids with Airborne Wind Energy 3. Blockchain: Decentralized Coordination of DERs

Altaeros Energies Buoyant Airborne Turbine YouTube Video link

• 20-year LCOE below 0.20 USD/kWh • Diesel-Battery Hybrids are $0.50 to $10 USD/kWh • Access wind speeds with 5X higher density than fixed turbines • Reduce material by 90%

Spatiotemporal Optimal Control

Spatiotemporal Optimal Control

Spatiotemporal Optimal Control

Activities 1. Microgrids with Airborne Wind Energy 2. Oakland EcoBlock 3. Blockchain: Decentralized Coordination of DERs

Motivation

Understanding Trust Issues

What are Blockchains?

Blockchains & Decentralized Optimization

Application to Coordinated DERSs in Microgrids

Sample Results

Summary 1. Oakland EcoBlock 2. Microgrids with Airborne Wind Energy 3. Blockchain: Decentralized Coordination of DERs Discussion

VISIT US! Professor Scott Moura Energy, Controls, and Applications Lab (eCAL) University of California, Berkeley ecal.berkeley.edu smoura@berkeley.edu