Maraninchi (Verimag, Grenoble) Simulators Synchron 08 1 / 44
Writing Simulators with Synchronous Languages Florence Maraninchi, Nicolas Berthier, Olivier Bezet, Giovanni Funchal (with the help of Louis Mandel) Verimag / University of Grenoble 15th SYNCHRON, Aussois, december 1-5, 2008 Maraninchi (Verimag, Grenoble) Simulators Synchron 08 1 / 44
Introduction Introduction (Summary of Previous Episodes) 1 This Talk: Advertising Synchronous Languages for WSN 2 Simulation Brief Overview of SystemC 3 Brief Overview of RML 4 The Generic Example and its Encoding into RML and SC 5 Experimental Results, Comments, and Discussion 6 Maraninchi (Verimag, Grenoble) Simulators Synchron 08 2 / 44
Introduction ANR ARESA : Partners and Verimag’s role Orange Labs Meylan Verimag : Algorithms and case-studies A global and detailed model of a Coronis Montpellier sensor network, with emphasis on Provider of sensor networks energy consumption, and TIMA-CIS Grenoble integrating the information Asynchronous Hardware provided by the other partners. VERIMAG Grenoble Modeling Formalisms LIG-DRAKKAR Grenoble First question: what needs to be Network Algorithms in the models, what can be CITI Lyon forgotten?... in order to predict Auto-* Algorithms the lifetime of the network. Maraninchi (Verimag, Grenoble) Simulators Synchron 08 3 / 44
Introduction Sensor Networks Several thousands of sensors communcating by radio + a special node connected to the network (the sink). Examples: detection of a radioactive cloud, ... Maraninchi (Verimag, Grenoble) Simulators Synchron 08 4 / 44
Introduction The node itself a radio a sensor a CPU a memory a battery Maraninchi (Verimag, Grenoble) Simulators Synchron 08 5 / 44
Introduction Existing Work Network (discrete-event) simulators like NS or Opnet, no way to model energy consumption (except with very rough abstractions: “ sending a message costs N units of energy ”). Simulators for energy and temperature in HW (very detailed, very slow, but it is enough to observe 1mn) Maraninchi (Verimag, Grenoble) Simulators Synchron 08 6 / 44
Introduction Our Global Models Simulation Models: Glonemo (in RML, with L. Samper and L. Mandel, InterSense’06) The ARESA simulator (in RML, O. Bezet) Experiments in SystemC Verification Models (more abstract): Lussensor (in Lustre, K. Baradon and A. Vasseur SLAP’07) Ifsensor (in IF, L. Mounier) Need for a semantically well-defined modeling principle for energy consumption Maraninchi (Verimag, Grenoble) Simulators Synchron 08 7 / 44
Introduction Power-State Modeling of HW Elements time −a ext. input A a b b B 3t.−b C else 2t.−b else Maraninchi (Verimag, Grenoble) Simulators Synchron 08 8 / 44
Introduction Power-State Modeling of HW Elements time −a ext. input de/dt A a 5 b b B 2 3t.−b C else 20 2t.−b else Maraninchi (Verimag, Grenoble) Simulators Synchron 08 8 / 44
Introduction Power-State Modeling of HW Elements time −a ext. input de/dt A a 5 b b B 2 3t.−b C else 20 2t.−b else time t Maraninchi (Verimag, Grenoble) Simulators Synchron 08 8 / 44
Introduction Power-State Modeling of HW Elements time −a ext. input de/dt −a A −a a 5 a − − b − b − − B − 2 3t.−b b C else 20 2t.−b else time t Maraninchi (Verimag, Grenoble) Simulators Synchron 08 8 / 44
Introduction Power-State Modeling of HW Elements time −a A ext. input de/dt −a A A −a A a 5 a B − B − B b − C b − C − B B − 2 B 3t.−b b A C else 20 2t.−b else time t Maraninchi (Verimag, Grenoble) Simulators Synchron 08 8 / 44
Introduction Power-State Modeling of HW Elements time −a 5 5 A ext. input de/dt −a A 5 10 A 5 15 −a A a 5 a 2 17 B − B 2 19 − 2 21 B b − 20 41 C b − 20 61 C − B B 2 63 − 2 B 2 65 3t.−b b 5 70 A C Cumulated else 20 energy 2t.−b else time t Maraninchi (Verimag, Grenoble) Simulators Synchron 08 8 / 44
Introduction Power-State Model of the Radio Component Maraninchi (Verimag, Grenoble) Simulators Synchron 08 9 / 44
Introduction Building the Detailed Computational Model (1) Radio Radio consumption Behavior x e=... (HW) e=... e=... Maraninchi (Verimag, Grenoble) Simulators Synchron 08 10 / 44
Introduction Building the Detailed Computational Model (1) MAC protocol (SW) Radio Radio consumption Behavior x e=... (HW) e=... e=... Maraninchi (Verimag, Grenoble) Simulators Synchron 08 10 / 44
Introduction Building the Detailed Computational Model (1) Routing protocol (SW) MAC protocol (SW) Radio Radio consumption Behavior x e=... (HW) e=... e=... Maraninchi (Verimag, Grenoble) Simulators Synchron 08 10 / 44
Introduction Building the Detailed Computational Model (1) Application(+OS) SW Routing protocol (SW) MAC protocol (SW) Radio Radio consumption Behavior x e=... (HW) e=... e=... Maraninchi (Verimag, Grenoble) Simulators Synchron 08 10 / 44
Introduction Building the Detailed Computational Model (1) Physical Environment Application(+OS) SW Routing protocol (SW) MAC protocol (SW) Radio Radio consumption Behavior x e=... (HW) e=... e=... Maraninchi (Verimag, Grenoble) Simulators Synchron 08 10 / 44
Introduction Building the Detailed Computational Model (1) Physical Environment Application(+OS) SW Routing protocol (SW) MAC protocol (SW) Radio Radio consumption Behavior x e=... (HW) Channel e=... e=... Maraninchi (Verimag, Grenoble) Simulators Synchron 08 10 / 44
Introduction Building the Detailed Computational Model (2) Application(+OS) SW Application(+OS) SW Application(+OS) SW Routing protocol (SW) Routing protocol (SW) Routing protocol (SW) MAC protocol (SW) MAC protocol (SW) MAC protocol (SW) Radio Radio Radio Radio consumption Radio consumption Radio consumption Behavior x e=... Behavior x e=... Behavior x e=... (HW) (HW) (HW) e=... e=... e=... e=... e=... e=... Maraninchi (Verimag, Grenoble) Simulators Synchron 08 11 / 44
Introduction Building the Detailed Computational Model (2) Physical Environment Application(+OS) SW Application(+OS) SW Application(+OS) SW Routing protocol (SW) Routing protocol (SW) Routing protocol (SW) MAC protocol (SW) MAC protocol (SW) MAC protocol (SW) Radio Radio Radio Radio consumption Radio consumption Radio consumption Behavior x e=... Behavior x e=... Behavior x e=... (HW) (HW) (HW) e=... e=... e=... e=... e=... e=... Channel model (perturbations, topology) Maraninchi (Verimag, Grenoble) Simulators Synchron 08 11 / 44
Introduction Building the Detailed Computational Model (2) Physical Environment Application(+OS) SW Application(+OS) SW Application(+OS) SW Routing protocol (SW) Routing protocol (SW) Routing protocol (SW) MAC protocol (SW) MAC protocol (SW) MAC protocol (SW) Radio Radio Radio Radio consumption Radio consumption Radio consumption Behavior x e=... Behavior x e=... Behavior x e=... (HW) (HW) (HW) e=... e=... e=... e=... e=... e=... (Sum or tuple) Channel model (perturbations, topology) & Integration Maraninchi (Verimag, Grenoble) Simulators Synchron 08 11 / 44
This Talk... Introduction (Summary of Previous Episodes) 1 This Talk: Advertising Synchronous Languages for WSN 2 Simulation Brief Overview of SystemC 3 Brief Overview of RML 4 The Generic Example and its Encoding into RML and SC 5 Experimental Results, Comments, and Discussion 6 Maraninchi (Verimag, Grenoble) Simulators Synchron 08 12 / 44
This Talk... Well-Defined Semantics for Multiform Time + Full-Purpose Programming Language NS, opnet, etc.: no notion of time, very difficult to model energy consumption using power-state models. Formal asynchronous models with time: no multiform time, no programming language Synchronous Languages (especially RML) win... Maraninchi (Verimag, Grenoble) Simulators Synchron 08 13 / 44
This Talk... Discrete-Events vs Fixed-Step Simulators? From the community working on networks (and networks simulators): “Ah Ah! Forget it! You’ll never manage to do something efficient with a fixed-step simulator”. There is a reason why all simulators are based on a discrete-event engine. Maraninchi (Verimag, Grenoble) Simulators Synchron 08 14 / 44
This Talk... Discrete-Events vs Fixed-Step Simulators? From the community working on networks (and networks simulators): “Ah Ah! Forget it! You’ll never manage to do something efficient with a fixed-step simulator”. There is a reason why all simulators are based on a discrete-event engine. Our (successive) answers: ... Maraninchi (Verimag, Grenoble) Simulators Synchron 08 14 / 44
This Talk... Discrete-Events vs Fixed-Step Simulators? Answer 1 We don’t care, we don’t aim at building efficient simulators, we do that only in order to understand what happens in these systems. We mainly need a semantically well defined language, and there’s nothing convenient in the simulators of the domain. but... with the implicit idea that these people might be right, and that synchronous programming more or less implies fixed-step execution. Maraninchi (Verimag, Grenoble) Simulators Synchron 08 15 / 44
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