Taen enia ia so soli lium Cyst stic icer ercosis in sis in West ester ern Ken enya Lian Do Doble le Subtitile
Overvie iew People, Animals and their Zoonoses Preliminary Results Regional Picture Food Chain Risk Analysis Pen-side diagnostic development Free-range pig ecology Future development of this work
People le, Anim imals ls & their ir Zoonose ses Cross-sectional survey in Western Kenya Multi-species Multi-pathogen Inter-disciplinary Collaborative 413 comprehensive homestead surveys 370 homes visited thus far 1782 people 904 cattle 247 goats 81 pigs
Slaug laughter Sla lab Sur urvey 343 pigs sampled March – September 2010 Licensed slabs Lingual Palpation Serology using HP10 Ag-ELISA
Prelim limina inary Result lts Raw data presented at meeting removed – publications to follow later this year!
Region ional Coll ollabor borations ions (da data to be be pu publis blished d later) Homa Bay (Kenya) University of Nairobi Farm based, multi-stage, random selection of villages All pig-keeping homes within selected villages sampled 232 samples tested with HP10 Ag-ELISA Lake Kyoga (Uganda) Makerere University Farm based, multi-stage random selection of sub- counties House-to-house vists until minimum sample size per sub-county achieved 378 samples tested with HP10 Ag-ELISA
Food Chai ain Risk isk Asse ssessm sment Determine the risk of any single pork meal eaten in Western Kenya being infectious with T.solium
Model l Struct uctur ure
Risk sk pig ig is is Infect cted wit ith T.so solium lium Data from PAZ slaughter slab survey 48% Pigs positive on HP10 Ag-ELISA Indicates pigs with viable cysts Literature suggests no significant difference in prevalence between formal and informal slaughtered pigs
If pig pig is is inf infected; d; what is is the pr prob obabilit bility of of any ny one one meal l cont ontainin ining cystic icerci? Based on experimental infection data (Sciutto et al., 1998 & Deckers et al., 2008) Level of infection of pig Dissection and numeration of cysts Beta distribution for proportion Proportion of meals infected in different infection levels no. cysts/ 2kg pork Average meal size of 0.25kg (assumption) Uniformly distributed as little prior knowledge
Is s the pork k well ll co cooke ked? PAZ homestead survey data Any response bar ‘Brown throughout’ or ‘Fully Roasted’ = potential for undercooked (17%) Beta distribution
Model l Out utput ut: what at is is the cur current st stat ate of af affair irs? s? Data removed pending publication
What at ca can be done?
Pen-si side diag iagnost stic ic developments Benefits: Relatively cheap & quick Little training needed Currently in development (ILRI/UoE) Barriers: Requires incentive for use
How might this is tool l be use used in co control?
Fr Free-Ranging ing Pig ig Ecolog ology St Study dy 10 randomly selected pigs Data removed pending publication
Summar ary T.solium endemic in Western Kenya and areas of Uganda Very high number of infective pigs slaughtered Huge potential for infective meat to reach consumer Several interventions have potential to reduce this risk Exclusion of infective pigs using new diagnostic test is realistic and achievable
Which ich way ay now? Finish laboratory diagnostics Analysis of co-infection data and risk factors No-gold-standard analysis of pen-side test
THANK YOU THANK YOU • Er Er Eric ic Fevre (PI) • Eric ic Fevre (PI) • The The ‘ ‘PAZ PAZ’ ’ team team am • am • Le Lesl Le slie ie Har arriso ison • Lesl slie ie Har arriso ison • Pie Pie ierre Dorny Dorny & Sar & Sar arah ah • ierre arah ah Ga Gabrie iel Ga Gabrie iel • Phil Phil il Toye ye • il Toye ye • BBSRC BBSRC • • Wellc Wellc llcome Trust ust – – • llcome Trust ust grant no. 085308 grant no. 085308 • ASARECA ASARECA •
And thank k yo you u for list listening! And thank k yo you u for list listening!
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