Large Scale DRAM Model “DRAM Engineers” “DRAM Engineers” Team: Abdulrahman Alqahtani, Demetria Shepherd, Colby Weber, Jinming Yang, Zeyu Zhang Client: Daniel Eichenberger, Micron’s Test Engineer/Recruiter Capstone Mentor: Ashwija Korenda, NAU graduate student Faculty Mentor: Julie Heynssens, NAU Lecturer
Client Introduction ● Our client, Daniel Eichenberger, asked us to design and build an 8X8 DRAM array (Dynamic Random Access Memory) ○ Currently, there’s no simple demonstration method. ● He would like to show the demonstration board to prospective Micron employees at career fairs, or general engineering students. ● Also, simplify how Micron works with DRAM on a daily basis. Abdulrahman 2
Design Overview Our project consists of 3 main subsystems: ● GUI (Graphical User Interface) ○ A controller which takes input from user to select the desired m-bit cell. ● Microcontroller ○ This will access the desired m-bit cell for the user and perform a read or write operation. ● DRAM Array ○ The array is comprised of individual m-bit cells arranged in a 8X8 layout with an amplifier circuit which makes the data signal sent and received from the cells noticeable by the microcontroller. Colby 3
Subsystems in Unison ● When combined, the GUI and microcontroller will interface with one another. ○ The GUI tells the microcontroller what m-bit cell to access and what operation will be performed, either a read or write. ○ The microcontroller will receive the signal from the m-bit which will then send the signal to the GUI to be displayed as the information stored on the cell. ● The microcontroller performs read, write, and refresh operations on the array. ○ The microcontroller will apply a voltage to the correct digit-lines and wordlines to access the user’s desired m-bit cell. ○ To read information, a pin from the microcontroller will be connected to the capacitor. ○ To write information, a pin will be connected to the drain side of the transistor (digitline) and a voltage signal will be applied. Jinming 4
Possible Project Solutions ● GUIs (Graphical User Interface) ○ Processing versus MATLAB, Processing can be easily coded in java (or python) and is far more simpler that MATLAB. ● Microcontrollers ○ Raspberry Pi versus Arduino UNO, the Raspberry Pi has a larger memory and can display outputs to any monitor besides just a laptop like the Arduino. ● DRAM Array ○ Transistors ■ 2N7008 versus ZTX449, this transistor is simple and easy to use; the wordline and digitline are connected to the source and drain side, respectively. ○ Operational Amplifiers ■ TL082 versus LM741, we have tested both OpAmps and the TL082 tends to run more effectively; also our Faculty Mentor recommended this OpAmp. ○ Capacitors ■ Electrolytic versus Super, the “Super Caps” would work great for our project but are far too expensive. Demetria 5
Project Overall Parts/Cost ● Microcontroller ○ Raspberry Pi 3 Model B ● Capacitor ○ Two-Hundred in the range of 4.7 � F - 2200 � F ● Transistors ○ Two-Hundred of the NMOS (Negative Metal Oxide Semiconductor) ● Resistors ○ One-Hundred in the range of 100Ω - 100MΩ ● One large breadboard ● Wires ● LEDs ● User Interface/GUI Total Cost Value = $98 Zeyu 6
Conclusion ● Daniel Eichenberger from Micron Technology wants a functional 8X8 DRAM array to show to prospective employees at career fairs. ● Our project is split into three main subsystems of the GUI, microcontroller, and array. ● Currently, the project is expected to cost around $98 which is $2 under the budget provided by our client with a prototype in the works. Abdulrahman 7
Thank you Questions? Comments? Concerns? “DRAM Engineers”
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