Land Ethics and Earth Ethics: Making the Connections Sustainability Ethics, the Earth Charter, and Aldo Leopold Earth Charter International & the University of Wisconsin-Oshkosh October 8, 2015
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June 1947
July 1947
We abuse land because we regard it as a commodity belong to us. When we see land as a community to which we belong, we may begin to use it with love and respect…. A land ethic changes the role of Homo sapiens from conqueror of the land- community to plain member and citizen of it. It implies respect for his fellow-members, and also respect for the community as such. A. Leopold, A Sand County Almanac (1949)
“I have purposefully presented the land ethic as a product of social evolution, because nothing so important as an ethic is ever ‘written.’…It evolve[s] in the minds of a thinking community.” A. Leopold, A Sand County Almanac (1949)
From A. Carl Leopold. 2004. “Living with the Land Ethic.” BioScience 54:149-154.
From a Land Ethic to an Earth Ethic: Tracing Threads of Continuity 1845-47: Alexander von Humboldt, Cosmos 1854: Henry David Thoreau, Walden 1864: George Perkins Marsh, Man and Nature 1901-1908: Theodore Roosevelt, Gifford Pinchot, and conservation movement 1911: John Muir, My First Summer in the Sierra 1915: Liberty Hyde Bailey, The Holy Earth 1948: United Nations, Universal Declaration of Human Rights ; Fairfield Osborn, Our Plundered Planet ; William Vogt, Road to Survival 1949: Aldo Leopold, “The Land Ethic” 1962: Rachel Carson , Silent Spring 1971: Van Rensellaer Potter, Bioethics: Bridge to the Future 1970: Earth Day 1991: Election of Ecumenical Patriarch Bartholomew 1992: UN Rio Conference (“Earth Summit”) 1994-2000: Earth Charter 2015: Pope Francis & Laudato Sí
Dr. Ufuk Özdağ Land Ethic Research and Application Center, Hacettepe University Ankara, Turkey Dr. Baird Callicott
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