Korea Environment Institute (KEI) ASEAN Centre for Biodiversity - PowerPoint PPT Presentation

Sustainable management of ASEAN Heritage Parks through valuing and improving eco-tourism Korea Environment Institute (KEI) ASEAN Centre for Biodiversity (ACB) Makiling Forest, Tarutao National Park

Contents Introduction 1 Designing BBI pilot-project 2 Results of the project 3 Conclusion 4 2

Introduction 1 3

Background • Eco-tourism is one of the most important ecosystem services, providing a powerful incentive for national and local economies which is also highlighted in SBSTTA20. • ASEAN Member States declared ‘ASEAN Heritage Parks(AHPs)’ to increase effectiveness of management, including eco-tourism, on certain protected areas with high conservation importance. Location of 37 AHPs 4

Background • However, due to lack of data, it is a challenge to monitor eco- tourism and set specific management plan for eco- tourism in AHPs. ⇒ ASEAN Centre for Biodiversity(ACB) asked for a Dynamic population mapping using mobile phone data science/technology-based Deville et al. 2014 approach that can be easily utilized in AHPs to assess status of eco-tourism. 5

Objectives • Korea Environment Institute (KEI), in collaboration with ASEAN Centre for Biodiversity (ACB), will apply an innovative modeling approach using social big-data to examine the current status of management, and support the development of related management strategies encouraging eco-tourism that enhances cultural services in AHPs. ⇛ Measuring and mapping the value of nature-based tourism & recreation to a place ⇛ Understanding what characteristics of the ecosystem attract tourists or deter them from visiting 6

Designing BBI pilot-project 2 7

Key Elements of BBI Partne tnershi rship between een Reflectin ecting needs of instituti titution ons developing loping countri ntries es Support ort Showcase case for Implication lication of best t practi ctices ces Aichi i Targe gets ts Collabo borati rative ve actio ions s to Close e coordi dinatio ation transfe nsfer betwee een experts rts technic hnic and knowled edge 8

Key strategies to implicate BBI’s objective A. Facilitate the linking of needs through effective partnerships between KEI and ACB B. Participation of regional experts C. Transferring techniques and knowledge 9

Key strategies to implicate BBI’s objective Field-survey in AHPs (Mt. Makiling, Philippines) Exploring needs on management of AHPs with local institutions(ACB) and local experts 10

Confirmed project sites The research project will be piloted in two sites, namely: 1) Mt. Makiling Natural Reserve, Laguna Province, Philippines 2) Tarutao National Marine Park, Satun Province, Thailand Tarutao Park Mt. Makiling 11

A Framework to evaluate eco-tourism in AHPs Field study (Survey with questionnaire) 2. Evaluate status and characteristic of eco-tourism in AHPs 3. Support to Spatial Characteristics develop strategies to Preference of eco-tourism facilitate eco- tourism in AHPs 1. Estimate the spatial preference Big Data - FLICKER 12

Contents of the project Transfer technologies and knowledges to assess the current status on eco-tourism in AHPs Technical modeling on the status of eco-tourism using social big-data Field study(based on questionnaires) to evaluate status of eco-tourism A training workshop on modeling technique and best practices in eco-tourism management Support to develop strategies for sustainable management 13

Contents of the project (1) Transferring technologies and knowledges to assess the current status on eco-tourism in AHPs. - Technical modeling(InVEST Recreation Model) on the status of management using social big-data. - Field study(based on questionnaires) to evaluate status of eco-tourism. - A training workshop on technical/scientific approaches to encourage eco- tourism at the 5th ASEAN Heritage Parks Conference. (2) Support to develop strategies for sustainable management of AHPs - Deter strong/weak elements, spatial visiting characteristic, and overall trends of eco-tourism in AHPs 14

Results of the project 3 15

Evaluating spatial preference using social big-data (1) Identifying ranking of AHPs with higher preference in FLICKER Ranking of PUD Ranking of AHPs having higher social preference 35.000 35.000 30.000 30.000 25.000 25.000 20.000 20.000 PUD_ PUD_ YR_ YR_ AVG AVG 15.000 15.000 10.000 10.000 5.000 5.000 0.000 0.000 ASEAN Heritage Parks ASEAN Heritage Parks ※ PUD(Photo-User-Days): Mean uploaded number of geotagged photographs per day in Flicker from 2005 to 2014

Evaluating spatial preference using social big-data (1) Identifying ranking of AHPs with higher preference in FLICKER Top 12 AHPs with highest ‘PUD per park area ’ 0.700 0.600 0.500 0.400 PUD_YR_AVG/ park area 0.300 0.200 0.100 0.000 Inlay Lake Ao Mount Mount Kinabalu Ba Be Tarutao Hoang Lien Gunung Khao Yai Bai Tu Long Preah Phangnga - Makiling Timpoong - Son - Sa Pa Mulu Monivong Mu Koh Hibok-hibok (Bokor) Surin - Mu Koh Similan ASEAN Heritage Parks Support to analyze trend of eco-tourism after designating AHPs

Evaluating spatial preference using social big-data (2) Identifying specific visiting characteristics for two sites Makiling AHPs Tarutao AHPs Legend osm_points realtrail boundary pud_res result ults <all other values PUD_ D_YR_ YR_AVG VG 0 0.1 0.2 0.3 0.4 0.5 0.6 0.7 0.8 0.9 1 1.1 1.2 1.3 1.4 1.6 1.7 6.7 9.8 17.7 19.7 26.5 33.2 Provide spatial characteristic identifying frequently visiting natural and artificial attraction, landscape and spot

Identifying specific characteristics of eco-tourism • Through the discussion between KEI’s experts and regional experts, three questionnaires were developed for visitor, regional community, and manager • Regional AHPs managers supported field survey to collect questionnaires • Total number of respondents: (1) Makiling - 100 (2) Tarutao - 142 (1) Effectiveness of AHPs to eco-tourism among two national parks Makiling AHPs Tarutao AHPs 100.0 80 70 80.0 60 50 60.0 visitor 40 visitor 40.0 resident 30 resident manager 20 manager 20.0 10 0 0.0 It had major It had influence Designation It had major It had influence Designation had influence but not major had no influence but not major no influence influence Among (1) biological, ecological value (2) social, cultural value and (3) facility, designation of AHPs had major influence to increase biological and ecological value

Identifying specific characteristics of eco-tourism (2) Visiting satisfactions of each attributes of eco-tourism Makiling AHPs Tarutao AHPs 3.8 High Satisfaction - 4.3 Satisfaction - Biodiversity, High Recreation/L High 3.8 Natural High Biodiversity, eisure Ecosystems 3.8 4.2 4.2 Program, 3.8 Services, 3.8 Natural Ecosystems 3.7 4.1 Services, 4.1 Number of Visitors, 4.0 3.7 4.0 Educational High Program, 3.9 Conservation 3.6 Convenient 3.9 Status, 4.0 Number of Explanation of Facilities, 3.6 Visitors, 3.6 the Environment, 3.8 3.6 High 3.8 Explanation Conservation of the Recreation/Lei Status, 3.6 Environment, 3.7 sure Program, 3.5 3.5 3.8 Educational Regional 3.6 Program, 3.5 3.5 Identities/Co mmunity Regional Culture, 3.4 3.5 3.4 Product, 3.5 Regional 3.4 Product, 3.4 Regional 3.4 Infrastructure, Identities/Com Infrastructure 3.4 munity , 3.3 3.3 Low Culture, 3.4 3.3 Low Elements of eco-tourism Elements of eco-tourism

Identifying specific characteristics of eco-tourism (3) Suitability of management budget Makiling AHPs Tarutao AHPs After AHP designation, did management budg After AHP designation, did management budg et increased ? et increased ? Managers: 55.6% said Yes Managers: 88.9% said Yes Was it sufficient? Was it sufficient? Managers: 90.5 % said No Managers: 68.9 % said Yes How was the budget increased? How was the budget increased? increased external funding: 68.2 % increased government funding: 57.8% increased government funding: 22.7 % increased admission fee: 31.1%

Transferring technologies and knowledges Technical Workshop in Bukhan National Park, Republic of Korea Transfe nsferri rring ng techniq hniques es to use social ial big-da data ta to assess ess spati tial al prefe feren rence ce Identifyi ntifying ng elemen ents ts that t need to be impro roved ved based d on field d study dy Introducing Korea’s management strategies of national park

Conclusion 4 23

Conclusion • The places people visit reveal their preferences about natural environments • Use of social big-data made available to assess spatial preference, and AHPs managers were able to recognize where it needs to be well and newly managed • Within spatial data, results of field-study provide insights to identify status of eco-tourism to identify strong and weak elements • Transferred technique, knowledge, and result of the BBI pilot project can be further utilized in management of AHPs to effectively implement Aichi Target 1, 11, 14. 24

Thank You (kimyj@kei.re.kr)