International project NICA at the Joint Institute for Nuclear Research V. Kekelidze, NICA Volga river JAI/PP seminar, March 17, 2016, Oxford
Joint Institute for Nuclear Research International Intergovernmental organization founded in 1956 by agreement of 12 countries Located in Dubna town, Moscow region JINR Member States 18 Member States + 6 Associated countries JINR founders March 17, 2016 V.Kekelidze, JAI/PP seminar, Oxford 2
from the Synchrophasotron to the Collider NICA 1957 1993 2019 Synchrophasotron Nuclotron NICA 10 GeV proton the first superconducting The superconducting synchrotron – the world accelerator of heavy ions Collider leader in energy based on of heavy ions Dubna type the start up of SC magnets high energy era A.V.Baldin – the pioneer of V.I.Veksler – the discovery relativistic of nuclear physics study of nuclear matter Phase Stability Principle at extreme conditions (1944) and spin physics 3 V.Kekelidze, JAI/PP seminar, Oxford March 17, 2016
NICA (Nuclotron based Ion Colider fAcility) Main targets: - study of hot and dense baryonic matter at the energy range of max baryonic density - investigation of nucleon spin structure, polarization phenomena - development of accelerator facility for HEP @ JINR - construction of Collider of relativistic ions from p to Au, polarized protons and deuterons with max energy up to √ S NN = 11 GeV (Au 79+ ) and = 27 GeV (p) Ione source March 17, 2016 V.Kekelidze, JAI/PP seminar, Oxford 4
Asymptotic freedom of quarks The regime of “ asymptotic freedom ” D.J.Gross, H.D.Politzer, F.Wilczek is reached in hard processes at sufficiently high energies, Yukawa coupling; asymptotic freedom; charge screening, anti-screening of color charges de-confinement however, this regime could be confinement available already at rather low energies in super dense nuclear matter (the distance between particles ~ 1/T) R typical size R 0 ~ 1 fm = 10 -13 cm 0 The super dense nuclear matter But: Strong confining could be obtained in interaction at large distances heavy ion interactions 5 March 17, 2016 V.Kekelidze, JAI/PP seminar, Oxford
fm / c = 3 10 -24 s selection by spectators evolution in time March 17, 2016 V.Kekelidze, JAI/PP seminar, Oxford 6
Phase transition in nuclear matter LHC experiments NICA FAIR & NICA Bulk properties, EOS - particle yields & spectra, ratios, femtoscopy, flow, In-medium modification of hadron properties Deconfinement (chiral), phase transition at high r B - enhanced strangeness production QCD Critical Point - event-by-event fluctuations & correlations Strangeness in nuclear matter - hypernuclei March 17, 2016 V.Kekelidze, JAI/PP seminar, Oxford 7
Freeze-out conditions E1+E2: collider E: FT FAIR, NICA QCD matter at NICA : - highest net baryon density - energy range covers onset of deconfinement - complementary to the RHIC, FAIR and CERN 8 March 17, 2016 V.Kekelidze, JAI/PP seminar, Oxford
Relativistic Heavy Ion Collider Designed Energy √S NN = 200 GeV BNL 2000: RHIC ~ 4 km PHENIX STAR March 17, 2016 9 V.Kekelidze, JAI/PP seminar, Oxford
Present and future HI collider experiments Interaction rate [Hz] NICA/MPD STAR BES II energy region of max. baryonic density Collision energy √S [GeV] NN March 17, 2016 V.Kekelidze, JAI/PP seminar, Oxford 10
Present HI F.T. experiments Interaction rate [Hz] HADES NA-61/SHINE energy region of max. baryonic density Collision energy √S [GeV] NN March 17, 2016 V.Kekelidze, JAI/PP seminar, Oxford 11
Complex FAIR: experiments with fixed target 1,0AGeV Darmstadt, Germany March 17, 2016 V.Kekelidze, JAI/PP seminar, Oxford 12
Present and future HI F.T. experiments CBM Interaction rate [Hz] 2022 – 2025: SIS-100 FAIR NICA/BM@N II NICA/BM@N I HADES STAR F.T. NA-61/SHINE energy region of max. baryonic density Collision energy √S [GeV] NN March 17, 2016 V.Kekelidze, JAI/PP seminar, Oxford 13
Present and future HI experiments CBM Interaction rate [Hz] NICA/MPD will provide most precise results 2022 – 2025: SIS-100 FAIR exploring the whole phase space region in the most interesting energy range NICA/BM@N II NICA/BM@N I NICA/MPD HADES STAR BES II STAR F.T. NA-61/SHINE energy region of max. baryonic density Collision energy √S [GeV] NN March 17, 2016 V.Kekelidze, JAI/PP seminar, Oxford 14
Study of nucleon spin structure must confirm the sum rule: NICA collider will provide collisions of protons and deuterons with all combinations of polarization – transversal and longitudinal It will allow to measure all 8 intrinsic-transverse-momentum dependent PDF s (at leading twist) in one experiment Matveev-Muradyan-Tavkhelidze-Drell-Yan mechanism and SIDIS processes – are good tools for these measurements Direct photons production ( gluon polarization ) March 17, 2016 V.Kekelidze, JAI/PP seminar, Oxford 15
Experiments studying nucleon spin structure experiment CERN, FAIR, FNAL, RHIC, RHIC- NICA, COMPASS-II PANDA E-906 STAR PHENIX SPD mode F.T. F.T. F.T. collider collider collider π - , p π - , p anti-p, p pp pp pp, pd,dd Beam/target Polarization:b/t 0; 0.8 0; 0 0; 0 0.5 0.5 0.7 2·10 33 2·10 32 3.5·10 35 5·10 32 5·10 32 10 32 Luminosity √s , GeV 14 6 16 200, 500 200, 500 10 - 26 x 1(beam) range 0.1-0.9 0.1-0.6 0.1-0.5 0.03-1.0 0.03-1.0 0.1-0.8 q T , GeV 0.5 -4.0 0.5 -1.5 0.5 -3.0 1.0 -10.0 1.0 -10.0 0.5 -6.0 μ - μ + μ - μ + μ - μ + μ - μ + μ - μ+ μ - μ+, e+e - Lepton pairs, Data taking 2015 >2025 2013 >2016 >2016 >2020 NO NO NO YES YES YES Transversity YES YES YES YES YES YES Boer-Mulders YES YES YES YES YES YES Sivers NO NO NO NO YES YES Pretzelosity NO NO NO NO NO YES Worm Gear Direct γ NO NO NO YES YES YES March 17, 2016 V.Kekelidze, JAI/PP seminar, Oxford 16
NICA White Paper – International Effort Statistics of White Paper Contributions: 111 contributions, 188 authors from 70 centers in 24 countries France Oman Egypt Spain Moldova Japan Portugal Switzerland South Africa Hungary Belgium Brazil Israel Argentina Austria Sweden Slovakia March 17, 2016 17 V.Kekelidze, JAI/PP seminar, Oxford
the Laboratory hosted the 15-th international conference SQM in July 2015 March 17, 2016 V.Kekelidze, JAI/PP seminar, Oxford 18
Accelerator blocks Injection Complex Nuclotron Booster Collider March 17, 2016 V.Kekelidze, JAI/PP seminar, Oxford 19
Accelerator blocks Leaders: G. Trubnikov, I. Meshkov, A. Butenko, A. Kovalenko Machine Advisory Committee: • Boris Sharkov, ITEP, chairman • Andrei Seryi, JAI Oxford • Alexander Zlobin, FNAL • Pavel Beloshitsky, CERN • Takeshi Katayama, Tokyo Univ. • Sergei Ivanov, IHEP • Valeri Lebedev, FNAL • Thomas Roser, BNL • Rolf Stassen, FZJ • Alexei Fedotov , BNL • Yuri Senichev, FZJ • Markus Steck, GSI • Evgeny Levichev, BINP • Nicholas Walker, Desy • Pavel Zenkevich, ITEP • Sergei Nagaitsev, FNAL The TDR is approved March 17, 2016 V.Kekelidze, JAI/PP seminar, Oxford 20
Structure and Operation Regimes KRION Linac HILac Ion Booster (25 Tm) Linac LU-20 sources storage of (2 4) × 10 9 ions, acceleration up to 600 MeV/u Fixed Target Area Stripping (80%) 197 Au 31+ => 197 Au 79+ IP-2 Nuclotron (45 Tm) Two SC collider rings injection bunch ~ 2 × 10 9 ions ~ 2 x 22 injection cycles acceleration up to 22 bunches per ring 1 - 4.5 GeV/u IP-1 March 17, 2016 V.Kekelidze, JAI/PP seminar, Oxford 21
Source for polarized particles (SPP), JINR+INR RAS V.Fimushkin, A.Belov • ~ 2 mA deuteron beam current was achieved at the end of 2015 • the first beam with Nuclotron run is foreseen in May 2016 March 17, 2016 V.Kekelidze, JAI/PP seminar, Oxford 22
Assembly of the LEBT and ion source JINR, ITEP, MEPHI A.Butenko, V.Monchinsky, A.Govorov, K.Levterov, A.Sidorin, T.Kulevoy, S.Polozov V.Kekelidze, JAI/PP seminar, Oxford March 17, 2016 23
New preinjector for LU-20 first beam, JINR, ITEP, MEPHI A.Butenko, V.Monchinsky, A.Govorov, K.Levterov, A.Sidorin, T.Kulevoy, D.Donets, B.Golonevsky November 2015, RF amplitude HV tube voltage Beam current test with deuteron and carbon beams from laser source March 17, 2016 V.Kekelidze, JAI/PP seminar, Oxford 24
Nuclotron development Stable and safe operation up to maximum design energy Beam time for users > 70% Time losses < 8% Development of cryogenic facility Modern automatic control system based on TANGO Test of stochastic cooling momentum spread of d beam New RFQ fore-injector for LU-20 2 – 4 GHz bandwidth, the cooling of bunched and coasting deuteron and carbon beams was achieved March 17, 2016 V.Kekelidze, JAI/PP seminar, Oxford 25
Nuclotron runs in 2015 -2016 • Run – 51 ( d, Li, C) 26 January - 26 March, 2015 • Run – 52 ( d ,...) May – June, 2016 • Run – 53 ( d , Li, ..) October – December , 2016 Time distribution (run 51) cooling accelerator R&D, experiments preparation reparation The 3 rd Workshop of the Nuclotron beam users “ Perspectives of Experimental Research at the Nuclotron beams ” was hold at the Laboratory on 8 – 9 September, 2015. 26 March 17, 2016 V.Kekelidze, JAI/PP seminar, Oxford
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