International Orthopaedic Education International Orthopaedic Education Global Orthopaedic Residency Training Programs Global Orthopaedic Residency Training Programs Prof. Syed Muhammad Awais (S.I.) y ( ) Dean and Chairman Orthopaedic Surgery. King Edward Medical University , Lahore, Pakistan Member, Pakistan Medical and Dental Council (PMDC). National Delegate, Editorial Secretary, Member Board of Directors of International Society of Orthopaedics and Traumatology. (SICOT). Asstt Editor, International Orthopedics, Editor, Annals of King Edward Medical University Chairman, Medical and Dental Journals Committee of PMDC Former Pro Vice Chancellor, King Edward Medical University, Lahore Past President: Pakistan Orthopaedic Association. (POA) Past Editor: Journal of Pakistan Orthopaedic Association. (JPOA) 8/31/2011 1
LAHORE
International Orthopaedic Education p Global Orthopaedic Residency Training Programs Vision Vision “Improve Quality of Orthopaedic Health Care by Improve Quality of Orthopaedic Health Care by Improving Education of Orthopaedic Surgery” and and • Improve Quality of Life of Orthopaedic Care P Providers and Patients and thus of the society id d P ti t d th f th i t 8/31/2011 3
Goals Goals 1 To Develop Global Orthopaedic Education lay down uniform: 1. To Develop Global Orthopaedic Education, lay down uniform: 1.1 Rules & Regulations (Framework) of Programs, 1.2. Curriculum/Training Manual (Learning Objectives) 1.3. Requirements for Teaching Hospitals. 1.3. Requirements for Teaching Hospitals. 1.4. Processes for Quality Assurance. 1.5. Policy to encourage ethical practices 2. Prepare all possible hospitals to meet standards. 3 3. Enroll maximum number “Residents” no slot vacant Enroll maximum number Residents no slot vacant. 4. Thus provide high quality Orthopaedic Care. 5. Encourage Research and Development and discover new knowledge, techniques and technology. 8/31/2011 4
Introduction Introduction 1 1. H Health is international. lth i i t ti l 2. The patients have right to access to a high quality of Health Care all over the world. 3. The number and competencies of orthopaedic surgeons and orthopaedic hospitals in various countries (especially Asia and Africa) are not uniformly satisfactory. 4. The developed ‐ industrialized countries are raising standards of ortrhopaedic health care very rapid. Whereas, the standards in developing countries are not improving. 5. All stake holders must pay immediate attention to develop Uniform International Standards and make them available to the developing countries of the world to narrow the gap in quality. 6. This can be achieved by training required number of competent orthopaedic surgeons of Global Quality. 8/31/2011 5
Orthopaedic Surgery in Pakistan Orthopaedic Surgery in Pakistan Population Population; 160 millions 160 millions • • Universities & DAI • Medical (9), General (15), DIA “CPSP” (1), PGMI (8) Medical Colleges: 78 Medical Colleges: 78 • • Hospitals: • Teaching (82) Non Teaching District (80), Tehsil Hospitals (128) Hospital Beds 78/ 100 000 people Hospital Beds 78/ 100,000 people • • MGraduate Drs. 120,000. (against 300,000) • Postgraduate Resident Capacity NOT CALCULATED. • Postgraduate Specialists: 20,000 (against 200,000) d i li ( i ) • Medical Teachers ; 4500 (against 30,000) • Orthopaedic Surgeons; 450 (against 6,000) • edical Students intake 5000 per year • Quality Assurance; Individual Teacher/Student based (against Systems) • • 8/31/2011 6
Orthopaedic Education in Pakistan Orthopaedic Education in Pakistan 1 1. Nurses : Orthopaedic Surgery in Curriculum Nurses : Orthopaedic Surgery in Curriculum On Job Training 2. 2. MBBS MBBS : Orthopaedic Surgery in Curriculum : Orthopaedic Surgery in Curriculum 3. Postgraduate Diploma (2 years) 4. Postgraduate Terminal Qualifications; M.S. / FCPS (Orth) 5 ‐ yrs g ( ) y 5. PhD (Orth) 6. CME (For Family Physicians, Orthopaedic Surgeons) 7. Public Seminars 8/31/2011 7
Global/National/Individual Capital (Wealth) (W l h) Moral Capital •Behaviors •Attitudes Attitudes Order Knowledge Knowledge •Knowledge g ame O Capital •Skills The S •Kind Economic Capital Capital •Cash •Cash In Social Capital ‐ “Quality of Life” of the society. 8/31/2011 8
Social/Economic Growth of Society Social/Economic Growth of Society . Natural Resources National Resources 1. Human Resource 1 Time 1. Time 2. Physical Structures 2. Life MENPOWER 3. Products & Services 3. Soil 1. Morals 2. Knowledge 4. Air 3. Funds 5. Water 6. Light Health Care Services In the Field of 7. Energy & Minerals Orthopaedic Surgery 8/31/2011 9
Transformation of Knowledge into Economy & Well Being of Society given s”. dge is g al Skills Money Improves Knowled Practica Quality of Life n the “P etical K Skills/Services bring Money to learn e Theor Knowledge is converted into Skills/ Services into Skills/ Services � Only t The � � � 8/31/2011 10
WHAT IS EDUCATION? Education is not I f Information But ti B t Formation Education is Teaching + Training of Mind & Character i i i i i i 8/31/2011 11
“Properly planned and carefully conducted Properly planned and carefully conducted medical education is the foundation of a comprehensive health care” comprehensive health care . Report of the Inter ‐ Departmental p p Committee on Medical Schools (The Goodenough Report) London, HMSO; 1944 g p ) , ; 8/31/2011 12
N National Health Care Systems i l H l h C S Health Care Delivery Health Care Organizations Organizations Providers Providers How Medical g, Allied rimary Curative ary, Trained nd Para M Nursing ed, Terti ry and P Health an H How Secondar Medical, Specializ Preventive HCDOs HCPs . Regulated M H H H S S The size of the “National Health Care Systems is determined by the size of the population” and 8/31/2011 13 the level of technical standards is based on the available funds.
Knowledge Capital of the Society Knowledge Capital of the Society • .. X ‐ Axis: Axis No. of Subjects in all Disciplines n :Y ‐ A 1. X multiply Y = 2 Edu Delivery Org to Population Ratio = 2. Edu. Delivery Org to Population Ratio = cialties in 3. Education Providers to Population Ratio = 4. Students to Population Ratio p = per Spec 5. Publications/yr to Population Ratio 6. Innovations & Patents to Population Ratio ect No. of Sup ach subj 1. No. of Orthopaedic Surgeons and Super ‐ Specialista determine the knowledge Specialista determine the knowledge N e Capital of Orthopaedic Surgery in World 8/31/2011 14
Framework of Education • The “framework” means legal boundaries ( (rules and regulations) within which the l d l i ) i hi hi h h higher education systems, particularly the institutions, faculty may freely operate. 8/31/2011 15
Academic Standards Academic Standards The statements of learning objectives to be The statements of learning objectives to be • attained by the learners during a program are known as “Academic Standards” known as Academic Standards . To improve the standards improve the statement. 8/31/2011 16
Academic Quality Academic Quality The measurement of the effectiveness of The measurement of the effectiveness of • the academic standards in a program is known as “Academic Quality” as Academic Quality . 8/31/2011 17
Framework of Uniform Standards of Orth Education All selected universities, institutions, hospitals will run uniform; 1. Framework of Learning Levels with duration and their corresponding g p g qualifications 2. Uniform Learning Objectives of Programs of same level (Curriculum/Training manual) 3. 3 E t Entry Requirements. R i t 4. Criteria of No of Seats in a Program. (Bed and Student Teacher Ratio) 5. Criteria to Become Supervisors/Trainers. 6. 6 Evaluations/Progression/Examination Evaluations/Progression/Examination 7. Log Book/Portfolio to record day to day learning. 8. Compulsory Research in Program 9 9. Quality Assurance Quality Assurance 10. Student Exchange 11. Program Administration 12. 12. Credit Accumulation and Transfer System (EU Based) and Blooms Taxonomy of Credit Accumulation and Transfer System (EU Based) and Blooms Taxonomy of Learning Levels (USA Based) 13. Criteria to accept past training experience. 14. Policy for Faculty development and Faculty Exchange. 15. Minimum Standards of Teaching Hospitals
Framework of Learning Levels with Duration and their Corresponding Qualifications Level No l Level description l d Duration Qualification l f 1 Undergraduate Certificate Months to Years Certificate 2 2 Graduate Graduate 6 7years 6 ‐ 7years MBBS/MD MBBS/MD 3 Postgraduate 2 ‐ Years Diploma (Orth) Intermediate Qualification 4 Postgraduate 5 ‐ Years MS/MD/FCPS Terminal Qualification 5 Super Specialization 2 ‐ years Fellowships Fellowships 6 6 Research Doctorate Research Doctorate 4 ‐ 5 Years after 4 5 Years after PhD PhD Level 2 Qualification 8/31/2011 19
Common List of Sub Specialties Common List of Sub Specialties 1. Arthroscopy and 6. Spine Sports Medicine 7. Traumatology 2. Arthroplasty 8. 3. Hand Surgery 3. Hand Surgery 9. 9 4. Musculoskeletal 10. Oncology Oncology 11. 5. Pediatric Orthopaedics 12.
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