Institutionalizing Dialogue in Peru UNDP Oslo Workshop Partnerships - PowerPoint PPT Presentation

“Institutionalizing Dialogue in Peru” UNDP Oslo Workshop “Partnerships for Dialogue: Prevention of Social Conflicts with the Use of Natural Resources ”

Context → Economic Impact E XTRACTIVES : I MPACT OVER G ROWTH  O VER GDP, E XPORTS AND I NCOME → Increase from 450 million US$ (2004), to 9,000 million US$ during 2013. → On average 58% of exports, 14.5% of revenue and 13.7% of GDP (2004-2014).  OVER LOCAL DEVELOPMENT → Royalties: Largest source of revenues for decentralized public investments impacting 1724 districts . More than 5 Billion US$. → In 2011 they financed 11% of regional budgets. In mining departments equivalent to 20% . → Transfers financed new infrastructure, prioritizing road infrastructure (20%), water and sanitation (19%), education infrastructure (13%) and agricultural infrastructure (9%). → Income per capita doubled in several mining localities.  C URRENT I NVESTMENT P ORTFOLIO → 47 large scale projects totaling US$ 56 Billion . Prevention of Social Conflicts with the Use of Natural Resources

Context → Challenges C HALLENGES → Major mining projects are located in areas with large social gaps and extreme poverty . → Weak state presence in mining areas. → Benefits of investments - no impact on welfare of communities. → Insitutional weaknesses – representation mechanisms. → Little recognition of cultural diversity . Emergence of Social Conflicts Impacting governance and stability - Removal of Ministers and other authorities - Injured (1,935) and deaths (63) Paralyzing / Postponing Investments + 62 Billion US$ (investments / production) 2011-14 =16.7% GDP (2.3% GDP per year) 2008-14

Context → Social Conflicts Evolution of Social Conflicts 2007 – 2014 Peru 211 social 2015, conflicts May 68% Socio- Environmental 66% Mining 15% Hydrocarbons 8% Energy

New Approach to redress Social Conflicts + GOVERNANCE for the country → → + NEW PREVENTION SUSTAINABILITY → APPROACH DIALOGUE to investments → → → + DEVELOPMENT for the country → Prevention of Social Conflicts with the Use of Natural Resources

New Approach to redress Social Conflicts Identif ifyin ying g differences fferences and nd con ontroversi roversies es to avoid the 1 Focus on prevention emergence of conflict, crisis and violence. Dialogue as main tool for the transformation of social al 2 Management of Dialogue tensio ions. Implementation of strateg egies ies, , instru rume ments, s, methodolo dologie gies s Building New Public 3 and protocols cols for conflict prevention and management that Policy are part of innovative public policies. Promotion of a cultur ure e of peace ce, , human an rights hts and d 4 Citizen Education democrat mocratic ic values s that contribute to the generation of capacities for dialogue and mediation. System emat atizat izatio ion, , analysis lysis of inform rmat atio ion and d resea earch rch for the 5 Research and Analysis promotion of dialogue and conflict prevention. Revamping of local Public lic-Pri Privat ate e commit mitme ments s to increase social investments 6 development processes and delivery of public services.

Dialogue gue as a s an Op n Oppor ortun tunity ity to E o Enh nhance nce Develop elopment ment TRANSFORMATION OF OPPORTUNITIES FOR CONFLICT DEVELOPMENT Prevention of Social Conflicts with the Use of Natural Resources

The Implementation Strategy 1 Reestablis lish Tru rust in in Go Government  Boosting government presence.  Establishment of Consultation Mechanisms (ILO 169).  Strengthening of environmental monitoring and supervision.  Towards a State Architecture for the Governance of Natural Resources? 2 Chan ange behavioral patterns of of th the St State, Companie ies an and So Socie iety   Social and Environmental Monitor and Supervise STATE companies. responsibilities become  Promote investments and common practices.  respect for citizens rights. Companies involved in  development processes. Articulated intervention of different government levels and sectors. COMPANIES  Promote a culture of dialogue. SOCIETY  Strengthen social trust mechanisms. Prevention of Social Conflicts with the Use of Natural Resources

The Implementation Strategy 3 Na National Poli olicy to to in institutionali lize dial ialogue  Law Proposal for the creation of National System for Prevention and Management of Conflicts.  Center of Excellence for Good Entrepreneurial practices and Institute for Dialogue and Consensus.  App Approval of of laws and and reg egula lations tha that enh enhance di dialo logue, con onsult ltatio ion and and pr preventio ion me mechanis isms: : Law Law on on Pri rior Cons Co nsult ltatio ion (I (ILO 169), ), Ci Citiz tizen Par artic icip ipatio ion EI EIA, A, CAR CAR/C /CAM, EW EWS. S. 4 Strategy tools Str ls  Dialogue spaces – Creation of spaces.  PART – Early Warning Mechanism.  Training Modules – Capacity development.  Willaqniki – Information mechanisms.  Communicators network – Communication / outreach strategy.  Participation / consultation mechanisms 5 Dialogue Sp Di Spaces  Empowerment of Em of So Socia ial Ac Actors.  Pub ubli lic and and pri private com ommit itments to to invest.  Development Roundtables.  Sustain Su inable le loc ocal de develo lopment pr proc ocesses.  Dialogue Roundtables.  Opportunit ity to to build ld consensus on on key develo lopment  Technical roundtables. prio priorities fr from om a sym ymmetrical app approach.  Working Tables.  Strengthenin Str ing capacit itie ies of of socia ocial or organ aniz izations.  Multi-Sectoral Commissions.  Cons Co nsensus to to ach achie ieve agr agreements.  Environmental Instruments.

Key Results and Achievements 1 2 Dialogue is Governments primary Credibility and trust in State strategy to address conflicts strengthened** → Government is present throughout conflicts. → Government sectors (10) and Regional Governments → “Shared vision” between Gov + Private Sector (7) using dialogue → Ongoing dialogue between Indigenous → Over 90% of conflicts have ongoing dialogue Organization and the State. processes. → Citizen Participation in environmental → Used for environmental, intercultural and social governance. processes. 3 4 New methodologies and strategies Drop in number and intensity of to redress social conflicts in place conflicts (2012-2014) → Guidelines, tools, protocols and policies in place. → Preventive action applied to 101 cases. → Information Systems – Data on conflicts / EWS. → 136 cases of conflict resolved / transformed. → Evaluation, analysis, policies and processes on → Management of 156 spaces for dialogue (89 social and environmental challenges dialogue and development roundtables) and 67 technical commissions.

Key Results and Achievements 5 Increased Government Spending for Local Development process → During 2013, more than $600 million of government funds into improving roads, schools, water and other essential services.

Challenges and Lessons Learned Challenges  Political Will is critical to moving forward the institutionalization of dialogue.  Commodity Prices and impact over royalties  Electoral Calendar  Sustainability Missed opportunities  Inability to implement National System and several policy tools  Difficulties in consolidating progressive trends (environment and consultation versus economic growth). Risks: Existence of public policies conducive to conflict  Role of the Ministry of Energy and Mines vis-a-vis ONDS.

Más información sobre el proyecto PROGRAMA DE LAS NACIONES UNIDAS «Alianzas para el Diálogo: Prevención de PARA EL DESARROLLO conflictos en el uso de recursos naturales» aquí: Complejo Javier Pérez de Cuéllar facebook.com/alianzas-para-el-diálogo Av. Pérez Araníbar 750, Magdalena del Mar. Lima – Perú. @AlianzasDiálogo Teléfono: (511) 625 – 9000 Alianzas para el Diálogo www.pe.undp.org Alianzasparaeldiálogo.blogspot.com