Insights into Internet Privacy for Visually Impaired and Blind People Georg Regal , Elke Mattheiss, Marc Busch, Manfred Tscheligi Photo: AIT Austrian Institute of Technology/ Michael Bösendorfer
Internet Privacy Personal data in the internet Privacy is gaining importance Concerns are increasing Privacy Enhancing Technology Protection of privacy Control Information Educational effect 2 Networkgraphic - CC BY 2.5 0 by Rezonansowy: https://commons.wikimedia.org/wiki/File:Internet_map_1024_-_transparent,_inverted.png
Privacy is a Right for All Users Internet Accessibility Privacy 3
Related Work Internet privacy and security for VIB users Hochheiser et al. (2008) • Analysis of security and privacy challenges • For people with disabilities Buzzi et al. (2009) • Trust of screen reader users • Guidelines how to promote trust for VIB Sauer et al. (2008) • Problems with CAPTCHAs • Accessible human-proof tool 4
Behavioral Analysis Companies collect and analyze user behavior Tracker, Beacons, ... Personalized advertisement User profiles Tracking Blocker Monitor server calls Block trackers Inform 5
Accessibility of PET We investigated Privacy concerns of VIB Internet users Accessibility of tracking blockers We provide Information material Guidelines for an accessible tracking blocker 6
Privacy Concerns of VIB Internet Users
Method Two workshops An online survey A tool review of existing tracking blockers User study - Interviews and observations 8
Accessibility of PET High relevance of privacy protection For partially sighted and blind Detection of privacy problems (sometimes) more complicated Stronger reliance on digital data 6
Online Survey I consider this threat to be worrisome 14 12 10 totally disagree 8 disagree 6 undecided 4 agree 2 totally agree 0 Tracking Cloud- Search- Spyware Social Online Location- and Storages History und networks Shopping Based Behavioral Adware Data Analysis Analysis 10
Tool review Name Estimated accessibility • Can be accessed by keyboard • Interpreted correctly by screenreader Ghostery • Only the old version of the menu is accessible, the new version is not completely accessible Privacy Badger • Not accessible by keyboard only DisconnectMe • No information about keyboard accessibility Blur • No information about keyboard accessibility 11
User Study Characteristics of Tracking Blockers Prevention of Tracking Accessibility Usability Information Values Privacy protection Control Equality of opportunity Self-determination 12
Accessibility of Tracking Blockers
Method Two workshops User Study – Comparative tool testing 14
Method - Workshops Feedback strategies Workshop 1 Blind participants Audio-only Workshop 2 Partially sighted participants Audio and visual 15
Guidelines Feedback Three levels of feedback • Harmless • Critical • Dangerous Personalization Choose desired feedback modalities 16
Visual Feedback Strategies 17
Acoustic Feedback Strategies Ascending tunes Descending tunes Different tunes Same tune multiple times User Feedback Not easy to distinguish Different instruments suggested 18 Notes - CC-BY-SA-3.0by Hyacinth: https://commons.wikimedia.org/wiki/File:Quarter_note_run.png
Guidelines Visual Feedback Different symbols • Similar to traffic signs Different shapes complemented by color Sufficient contrast Acoustic feedback A short, concise tune if blocked Preferably different sounds 19
Method – User Study 17 participants 3 predefined pages No trackers Little number of trackers High number of trackers Feedback and information Developed interaction prototype Comparison with the tool Ghostery 20
Guidelines Control Users define if a tracker is blocked or allowed Global settings but changeable for specific sites Keyboard operation for all options • Choose keyboard shortcuts Information Users prefer little automatic information • No disruption of the workflow • Quick access to further information 21
Accessible Tracking Blocker 22
Accessible Tracking Blocker 23
Accessible Tracking Blocker 24
Summary Insight into privacy concerns of VIB users Guidelines for accessible tracking blockers http://blindfaith.tech-experience.at/
AIT Austrian Institute of Technology Georg Regal Innovation Systems Department Business Unit Technology Experience georg.regal@ait.ac.at
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