IC ICL Evang Evangel elism and and Disci ciples eshi hip Timothy R. Valentino
Some Perspectives on “What is the gospel?” § Michael Horton (3:11)
What is the gospel? Continuing our discussion . . . Resources: Handout: “Clarifying the Gospel” A Biblical-Theological Approach Handout: “Understanding the Word ‘Gospel’” A Look at Primary Sources Handout: “A Collection of Gospel Definitions” How Others Address the Question Videos: Various clips in class and on Canvas
I. What Is the Gospel? A. The Definition of the Gospel B. The Descriptions of the Gospel C. The Drama of the Gospel D. The Dimensions of the Gospel t
D. The Dimensions of the Gospel
D. The Dimensions of the Gospel 1. The gospel is historical. (1 Cor 15:3-5)
D. The Dimensions of the Gospel 1. The gospel is historical. (1 Cor 15:3-5) 2. The gospel is Scriptural. (1 Cor 15:3-4)
D. The Dimensions of the Gospel 1. The gospel is historical. (1 Cor 15:3-5) 2. The gospel is Scriptural. (1 Cor 15:3-4) 3. The gospel is Christological. (1 Cor 15:3ff)
D. The Dimensions of the Gospel 1. The gospel is historical. (1 Cor 15:3-5) 2. The gospel is Scriptural. (1 Cor 15:3-4) 3. The gospel is Christological. (1 Cor 15:3ff) 4. The gospel is theological. (1 Cor 15:3)
In his death on the cross, Jesus achieved something that the Father honored (viz., our sins were paid for). Indeed, the New Testament presents Jesus as fallen humanity’s substitute: Christ died for the ungodly (Rom 5:6).
In his death on the cross, Jesus achieved something that the Father honored (viz., our sins were paid for). Indeed, the New Testament presents Jesus as fallen humanity’s substitute: Christ died for the ungodly (Rom 5:6). Christianity has historically under- stood the “for” in these verses as “in the place of.” That is, the atonement involves the substitution of Christ for the sinner.
a. Substitution as “intellectually contemptible and morally outrageous” (Ayer).
a. Substitution as “intellectually contemptible and morally outrageous” (Ayer). b. That God should victimize the innocent Jesus in order to acquit the guilty sinner is seen to be a travesty of justice (cf. “divine child abuse”).
c. Alternative views of the cross have been elevated, including subjective or “moral influence” theories.
c. Alternative views of the cross have been elevated, including subjective or “moral influence” theories. d. But if the cross is not more than a mere example, we have to conclude that Jesus saw his death as little more than a form of emotional blackmail.
e. The cross must have a real (objective) value in order for it to have any personal (subjective) value.
e. The cross must have a real (objective) value in order for it to have any personal (subjective) value. f. At the cross, God did not arbitrarily punish an innocent third party; he deliberately punished himself instead of his people.
g. “God was in Christ reconciling the world to himself, not counting men’s sins against them” (2 Corinthians 5:19a).
g. “God was in Christ reconciling the world to himself, not counting men’s sins against them” (2 Corinthians 5:19a). Here is the good news of the cross: A great transaction took place there that our heavenly Father accepted. He planned it, authorized it, carried it out, and accepted it. That transaction is this: God treated Jesus as we deserved so that he could treat us as Jesus deserved.
5. The gospel is final. (1 Cor 15:3-7; John 19:30) Tetelestai was:
5. The gospel is final. (1 Cor 15:3-7; John 19:30) Tetelestai was: a. a word used by laborers.
5. The gospel is final. (1 Cor 15:3-7; John 19:30) Tetelestai was: a. a word used by laborers. b. a word used by artists.
5. The gospel is final. (1 Cor 15:3-7; John 19:30) Tetelestai was: a. a word used by laborers. b. a word used by artists. c. a word used by judges.
5. The gospel is final. (1 Cor 15:3-7; John 19:30) Tetelestai was: a. a word used by laborers. b. a word used by artists. c. a word used by judges. d. a word used by priests.
5. The gospel is final. (1 Cor 15:3-7; John 19:30) Tetelestai was: a. a word used by laborers. b. a word used by artists. c. a word used by judges. d. a word used by priests. e. a word used by soldiers.
5. The gospel is final. (1 Cor 15:3-7; John 19:30) Tetelestai was: a. a word used by laborers. b. a word used by artists. c. a word used by judges. d. a word used by priests. e. a word used by soldiers. f. a word used by merchants.
5. The gospel is universal. (1 Cor 15:22, 47-50)
5. The gospel is universal. (1 Cor 15:22, 47-50) 3D Gospel (Worldviews)
5. The gospel is universal. (1 Cor 15:22, 47-50) 3D Gospel (Worldviews) 6. The gospel is personal. (1 Cor 15:1-3)
5. The gospel is universal. (1 Cor 15:22, 47-50) 3D Gospel (Worldviews) 6. The gospel is personal. (1 Cor 15:1-3) 7. The gospel is covenantal. (1 Cor 15:49)
5. The gospel is universal. (1 Cor 15:22, 47-50) 3D Gospel (Worldviews) 6. The gospel is personal. (1 Cor 15:1-3) 7. The gospel is covenantal. (1 Cor 15:49) 8. The gospel is eschatological. (1 Cor 15:42ff)
a. Personal Eschatology: God – Sin – Cross – Salvation
a. Personal Eschatology: God – Sin – Cross – Salvation b. Cosmic Eschatology: Creation – Fall – Redemption – Restoration
E. The Demands of the Gospel
E. The Demands of the Gospel 1. The gospel demands a response of faith. (1 John 3:23a)
E. The Demands of the Gospel 1. The gospel demands a response of faith. (1 John 3:23a) 2. The gospel demands a response of repentance. (Acts 17:30)
F. The Displays of the Gospel
F. The Displays of the Gospel 1. Ceremonial—baptism and communion display the gospel.
F. The Displays of the Gospel 1. Ceremonial—baptism and communion display the gospel. 2. Ethical—Christian love and holiness display the gospel.
F. The Displays of the Gospel 1. Ceremonial—baptism and communion display the gospel. 2. Ethical—Christian love and holiness display the gospel. Implications of the The Gospel Gospel
Gospel Distortion #1 The Gospel Gospel Distortion #2 “Legalism” “Biblical Salvation” “Antinomianism” Salvation is by grace Salvation is by grace Salvation is by grace through faith in Christ, alone through faith alone alone through faith alone and both good works and in Christ alone, and good in Christ alone, and both putting off sin contribute works will follow this good works and putting toward one’s right profession of faith as off sin are matters of standing before a holy believers yield to the indifference because of God. Spirit and put off sin. God’s free grace. Rejected especially in Taught throughout the Rejected especially in Acts and Galatians. New Testament. James and Jude. Gospel Distortion #1 The Gospel Gospel Distortion #2 Legalism suggests that Biblical salvation Antinomianism indicates you can make yourself humbles you and then that you may not have partially your own savior, elevates you, conforming truly met and been which is clearly heretical. you over time into the transformed by Christ. image of Christ.
More Perspectives on “What is the gospel?” § The Bible Project (5:46) § N. T. Wright (13:15)
IC ICL Evang Evangel elism and and Disci ciples eshi hip Timothy R. Valentino
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