Hydrologic/Nutrient Budgets & Management Plans Project Summary - PowerPoint PPT Presentation

Amory Lake Trophic State Index 100 Hypereutrophic 80 Eutrophic 60 Mesotrophic TSI Values in Amory TSI 40 and Deforest Lakes Oligotrophic 20 0 1/00 1/01 1/02 1/03 1/04 1/05 1/06 1/07 1/08 1/09 1/10 1/11 1/12 1/13 1/14 Date Deforest Lake Trophic State Index TN/TP Ratio 100 140 Hypereutrophic 120 80 100 Eutrophic 60 TN/TP Ratio Phosphorus Limited Mesotrophic 80 TSI 40 60 slope = -0.0024 40 p = 0.0038 20 Oligotrophic Balanced 20 Nitrogen Limited 0 0 1/96 1/98 1/00 1/02 1/04 1/06 1/08 1/10 1/12 1/14 1/00 1/01 1/02 1/03 1/04 1/05 1/06 1/07 1/08 1/09 1/10 1/11 1/12 1/13 1/14 Date Date TN/TP Ratio Amory 140 120 Phophorus Limited 100 TN/TP Ratio 80 slope = 0.0022 60 p = 0.0951 40 20 Balanced Nitrogen Limited 0 1/96 1/98 1/00 1/02 1/04 1/06 1/08 1/10 1/12 1/14 Date Deforest

Figure 2.52 b Figure 2.52 a Locations of Surface Water Monitoring Sites Deforest Lake Amory Lake East Crystal Lake Belair Lake

Variability in Calculated Trophic State Indices (TSI) in the East Crystal Chain-of-Lakes from November 2010-December 2011 Trophic State Index 80 Hypereutrophic 70 Eutrophic 60 Mesotrophic 50 TSI 40 30 Amory - Top 20 Belair - Top Crystal - Top 10 Oligotrophic Deforest - Top 0 11/1/10 1/1/11 3/1/11 5/1/11 7/1/11 9/1/11 11/1/11 1/1/12 Date TN/TP Ratio 250 Phosphorus Limited Amory - Top 200 Amory - Bottom Belair - Top Belair - Bottom Crystal - Top 150 Crystal - Bottom TN/TP Deforest - Top Deforest - Bottom 100 50 Balanced Nitrogen Limited 0 11/1/10 1/1/11 3/1/11 5/1/11 7/1/11 9/1/11 11/1/11 1/1/12 Date

Recorded Water Elevations in East Crystal Lake from 1993-2013 East Crystal Lake Historic Water Elevations (Source: Seminole County) 44 42 Water Elevation (NAVD) 40 CWL - Belair (38.51 ft) 38 36 34 Hydrologically Isolated 32 30 92 94 96 98 00 02 04 06 08 10 12 14 Year

Recorded Water Elevations in Belair Lake from 1993-2013 Belaire Lake Historic Water Elevations (Source: Seminole County) 46 44 Water Elevation (NAVD) 42 40 CWL - East Crystal (38.51 ft) 38 CWL - Deforest (36.63 ft) 36 Hydrologically Isolated 34 32 94 96 98 00 02 04 06 08 10 12 14 Year

Recorded Water Elevations in Amory Lake from 1993-2013 Amory Lake Historic Water Elevations (Source: Seminole County) 44 42 CWL - Culvert Water Elevation (NAVD) (41.04 ft) 40 38 Hydrologically Isolated 36 34 92 94 96 98 00 02 04 06 08 10 12 14 Year

Recorded Water Elevations in Deforest Lake from 1993-2013 Deforest Lake Historic Water Elevations (Source: Seminole County) 44 CWL - Outfall (42.37 ft) 42 Water Elevation (NAVD) 40 38 CWL - Belair (36.63 ft) 36 Hydrologically Isolated 34 32 92 94 96 98 00 02 04 06 08 10 12 14 Year

Photographs of Water Level Conditions in East Figure 2-70 Figure 2-70 Figure 2-70 Crystal Lake from November 2010-December 2011 Figure 2-70 Lake bottom becoming colonized with grasses Bottom areas of East Crystal Lake drying out Bottom areas of East Crystal drying out Lake bottom becoming colonized with grasses Bottom areas of East Crystal drying out Lake bottom becoming colonized with grasses Bottom areas of East Crystal drying out Lake bottom becoming colonized with grasses Bottom areas of East Crystal drying out Lake bottom becoming colonized with grasses East Crystal to Belair Lake Canal Lake bottom converted to recreactional use East Crystal to Belair Lake Canal Lake bottom converted to recreactional use East Crystal Lake to Belair Lake Canal Lake bottom converted to recreational use East Crystal to Belair Lake Canal Lake bottom converted to recreactional use East Crystal to Belair Lake Canal Lake bottom converted to recreactional use

µ Deforest Lake Amory Lake Belair Lake Overall Drainage Basin Delineations for East Crystal, Belair, Amory, and Deforest Lakes East Crystal Lake Legend Pipes Basin Boundaries Lakes 1,000 500 0 1,000 2,000 3,000 Feet

µ D02 D01 Deforest A01 Lake D03 Amory Deforest Lake Direct Amory Direct B03 Belair Direct EC05 EC04 Belair B02 EC06 Lake Overview of Sub-basin EC08 B01 Areas for the East Crystal EC03 EC07 Chain-of-Lakes East EC02 Crystal EC09 Lake EC10 EC Direct EC01 Legend Pipes Basin Boundaries Sub Basin Boundaries Lakes 1,000 500 0 1,000 2,000 3,000 Feet

Summary of Calculated Basin Area / Lake Area Ratios for East Crystal, Belair, Amory, and Deforest Lakes Drainage Lake Area 1 Drainage Basin/ Lake Basin Area (acres) Lake Area Ratio (acres) East Crystal 92.80 469.6 5.1 Belair 23.73 90.3 3.8 Amory 8.79 168.2 19.1 Deforest 11.82 77.6 6.6 1. Reflects lake areas at elevation 39.0 ft

µ Amory Deforest Lake Lake Belair Lake Elevation Contours in the East Crystal, Belair, Amory, and Deforest Lakes Drainage Basins East Crystal Lake (Datum: NAVD 88) Legend Basin Boundaries Contour 40 - 45 46 - 50 51 - 55 56 - 60 61 - 65 66 - 70 71 - 75 1,000 500 0 1,000 2,000 Feet

µ D02 D01 Deforest A01 Lake D03 Amory Deforest Lake Direct Amory Direct B03 Belair Direct EC05 EC04 Belair B02 EC06 Lake EC08 B01 Governmental EC07 Jurisdictions in the East EC03 Crystal Chain-of-Lakes East EC02 Crystal Lake EC09 EC10 EC Direct Legend EC01 Pipes Lakes Basin Boundaries Sub Basin Boundaries Jurisdiction LAKE MARY SANFORD 1,000 500 0 1,000 2,000 3,000 Feet

µ D01 D02 Amory Deforest A01 Lake Lake D03 Deforest Direct Amory Direct B03 Belair Direct EC05 EC04 Belair B02 EC06 Lake Existing Land Use EC08 B01 Characteristics in the EC07 EC03 East Crystal, Belair, Amory, and Deforest East EC02 Crystal Lakes Drainage Basins Lake EC09 Legend EC10 Basin Boundaries Sub Basin Boundaries EC Direct Land Use LDR MDR HDR EC01 Institutional Golf Course Transportation Utility Open Upland Forest Wetlands Wet Pond Ponds 1,000 500 0 1,000 2,000 Lakes Feet

µ D01 D02 Amory Deforest A01 Lake Lake D03 Deforest Direct Amory Direct B03 Belair Direct EC05 EC04 Belair B02 EC06 Lake Hydrologic Soil Groups in EC08 B01 the East Crystal, Belair, EC07 EC03 Amory, and Deforest Lakes Drainage Basins East EC02 Crystal Lake EC09 EC10 EC Direct EC01 Legend Basin Boundaries Sub Basin Boundaries Hydrologic Soil Group A A/D W 1,000 500 0 1,000 2,000 Feet

µ D02 D01 Deforest A01 Lake D03 Amory Deforest Lake Direct Amory Direct B03 Belair Direct EC05 EC04 Belair B02 EC06 Lake Stormwater Treatment EC08 B01 in the East Crystal, Belair, EC07 EC03 Amory, and Deforest Lakes Drainage Basins East EC02 Crystal Lake EC09 EC10 Legend EC Direct Pipes Basin Boundaries Sub Basin Boundaries EC01 Lakes Dry Pond Wet Pond Stormwater Treatment Areas Dry Pond Wet Pond Dual Pond 1,000 500 0 1,000 2,000 3,000 Feet

µ D02 D01 Deforest A01 Lake D03 Amory Deforest Lake Direct Amory Direct B03 EC05 EC04 Belair B02 EC06 Direct Sewage Disposal Methods EC08 B01 in the East Crystal, Belair, EC07 EC03 Amory, and Deforest Lakes Drainage Basins East EC02 Crystal Lake EC09 EC10 EC Direct EC01 Legend Lakes Basin Boundaries Sub Basin Boundaries Wastewater Septic Tanks Sewer 1,000 500 0 1,000 2,000 3,000 Feet

Summary of East Crystal Chain-of-Lakes Basin Parcels Using Septic Tanks and Central Sewer Systems for Wastewater Disposal Percent of Number of Number of Developed Area Basin Parcels with Parcels with Using Septic Tanks Septic Tanks Central Sewers (%) Amory 36 55 40 Belair 13 176 7 Deforest 32 0 100 East Crystal 417 240 63 Total: 498 471 51

Conceptual Schematic of Evaluated Hydrologic Inputs and Losses to the East Crystal Chain-of-Lakes Lake Jessamine Hydrologic Budget Components East Crystal Chain-of-Lakes Hydrologic Budget Components Evaporation Precipitation Runoff/ Baseflow Δ Storage Lake Outflow Groundwater Seepage Deep Recharge

Summary of Mean Monthly Rainfall in the Orlando Area from 1942-2005 Rainfall Depth Rainfall Depth Month Month (inches) (inches) January 2.73 July 6.86 February 2.93 August 7.75 March 3.87 September 6.16 April 2.32 October 3.71 May 3.28 November 2.23 June 6.95 December 2.35 Total: 51.14

µ D01 D02 Amory Deforest A01 Lake Lake D03 Deforest Direct Amory Direct B03 Belair Direct EC05 EC04 Belair B02 EC06 Lake Areas in the East Crystal EC08 B01 Chain-of-Lakes Drainage EC07 Basin that Receive EC03 Additional Attenuation in East EC02 Ponds and Depressions Crystal Lake EC09 EC10 EC Direct Legend EC01 Basin Boundaries Sub Basin Boundaries Attenuation Areas Depression Pond Depression Pond 1,000 500 0 1,000 2,000 Feet

Typical Seepage Meter Installation

Seepage Meters Being Prepared for Installation

2 Deforest 3 Lake 4 1 1 2 Amory Lake 3 5 4 Belair Lake 3 Locations of Seepage 2 1 Unnamed Lake Meter Monitoring Sites 1 in the East Crystal Closed 2 Chain-of-Lakes Basin 3 4 East Crystal Lake 5 10 6 7 9 8 Legend Seepage Sites Basins 600 300 0 600 1,200 1,800 2,400 Feet

Photographs of Damaged and Exposed Seepage Figure 4-4 Figure 4-4 Figure 4-4 Figure 4-4 Meters in the East Crystal Chain-of-Lakes Seepage meter exposed in Belair Lake Seepage meter uprooted and placed near shore Seepage meter uprooted and placed near shore Seepage meter exposed in Bel-Air Lake Seepage meter uprooted and placed near shore Seepage meter exposed in Bel-Air Lake Seepage meter uprooted and placed near shore Seepage meter uprooted and placed near shore Seepage meter exposed in Bel-Air Lake Seepage meter exposed in Bel-Air Lake Seepage meter exposed in Amory Lake Seepage meter on dry land in East Crystal Lake Seepage meter exposed in Amory Lake Seepage meter on dry land in East Crystal Lake Seepage meter exposed in Amory Lake Seepage meter on dry land in East Crystal Lake Seepage meter exposed in Amory Lake Seepage meter on dry land in East Crystal Lake Seepage meter exposed in Amory Lake Seepage meter on dry land in East Crystal Lake

Estimated Seepage Inflow to the East Crystal Chain-of-Lakes from September 2010-March 2012 East Belair Amory Deforest Parameter Units Crystal Lake Lake Lake Lake Lake Area acres 92.8 23.7 8.79 11.8 liters/m 2 -day 0.22 0.57 0.52 0.51 Mean Seepage Inflow ac-ft/year 24.5 16.2 5.50 7.21 Seepage/Surface Area ft/yr 0.26 0.68 0.62 0.61 Ratio

0.3 4 0.5 . 0 0.5 0.3 0.4 0.6 0 0.7 . 5 0.6 Isopleths of Mean Seepage Inflow into the 0.5 East Crystal Chain-of- 0.2 0.2 Lakes from September 2010-March 2012 0 . 3 3 0.4 . 0 0.2 0.2 3 . 0 0 . 3 Legend 0.1 0.3 Seepage Sites Seepage Contour Seepage (liters/m^2-day) High : 0.8 Low : 0 600 300 0 600 1,200 1,800 2,400 Feet

µ Amory Deforest Lake Lake Belair Lake Estimated Annual Aquifer Recharge Rates in the East Crystal Chain-of-Lakes (Source: SJRWMD) East Crystal Lake Legend Basin Boundaries Recharge 2005 0 - 4 In/Yr 4 - 8 In/Yr 1,000 500 0 1,000 2,000 Feet

Estimated Annual Deep Recharge Losses from the East Crystal Chain-of-Lakes Estimated Deep Recharge Loss Lake inches/year ac-ft/yr East Crystal Lake 2.7 20.6 Belair Lake 3.8 7.5 Amory Lake 4.4 3.9 Deforest Lake 4.7 4.6

Wetland Areas Contiguous with the East Crystal Chain-of-Lakes

Summary of Estimated Annual Evapotranspiration Losses from Contiguous Wetland and Marsh Areas in the East Crystal Chain-of-Lakes Wetland / Marsh Area ET Losses 1 Lake (acres) (ac-ft/yr) Amory 0.23 0.9 Belair 14.59 55.6 Deforest 1.52 5.8 East Crystal 52.77 201.0 1. Based on an annual ET loss of 45.7 inches/yr

Calculated Hydrologic Inputs for the East Crystal Chain-of-Lakes Annual Inflow Percent of Total Lake Source (ac-ft/yr) (%) Precipitation 396 65 Runoff 40.6 7 Overland Flow 140 23 East Crystal Belair Inflow 7.2 1 Groundwater Seepage 24.5 4 Total: 608 100 Precipitation 101 50 Runoff 38.8 19 Belair Overland Flow 44.4 22 Groundwater Seepage 16.2 9 Total: 201 100 Precipitation 37.5 44 Runoff 10.7 13 Amory Overland Flow 31.2 37 Groundwater Seepage 5.5 6 Total: 84.8 100 Precipitation 50.4 26 Runoff 47.0 24 Overland Flow 13.5 7 Deforest Groundwater Seepage 7.2 4 Belair Inflow 31.4 16 Amory Inflow 43.5 23 Total: 193 100

Summary of Mean Annual Hydrologic Inputs to East Crystal and Belair Lakes

Summary of Mean Annual Hydrologic Inputs to East Crystal and Belair Lakes

Calculated Hydrologic Losses for the East Crystal Chain-of-Lakes Annual Inflow Percent of Total Lake Source (ac-ft/yr) (%) Evaporation 387 64 Wetland Evapotranspiration 201 33 East Crystal Deep Recharge 20.6 3 Total: 608 100 Evaporation 98.8 49 Wetland Evapotranspiration 55.6 28 Deep Recharge 7.5 4 Belair Outflow to East Crystal Lake 7.2 3 Outflow to Deforest Lake 31.4 16 Total: 201 100 Evaporation 36.6 43 Wetland Evapotranspiration 0.9 1 Amory Deep Recharge 3.9 5 Outflow to Deforest Lake 43.5 51 Total: 84.8 100 Evaporation 49.2 26 Wetland Evapotranspiration 5.8 3 Deep Recharge 4.6 2 Deforest Outflow to Lockhart-Smith 133 69 Canal Total: 193 100

Summary of Mean Annual Hydrologic Losses to East Crystal and Belair Lakes

Summary of Mean Annual Hydrologic Losses to Amory and Deforest Lakes

Calculated Mean Annual Residence Times in the East Crystal Chain-of-Lakes Lake Annual Mean Lake Volume 1 Inflow Detention Time (ac-ft) (ac-ft/yr) (days) East Crystal 308 608 185 Belair 95.7 201 174 Amory 17.7 84.9 76 Deforest 62.2 193 118 1. Lake volumes at elevation 39.0 ft (NGVD)

Figure 5-1 Conceptual Schematic of Evaluated Nutrient East Crystal Chain-of-Lakes Inputs and Losses for the East Crystal Chain-of-Lakes Nutrient Budget Components East Crystal Chain-of-Lakes Nutrient Budget Components Bulk Precipitation Runoff/ Baseflow Outflow to Interconnected Δ Storage Downstream Lake Inflow Waterbodies Sedimentation Groundwater Seepage Deep Groundwater

Estimated Mean Annual Loadings to the East Crystal Chain-of-Lakes from Bulk Precipitation Mass Loadings (kg/yr) Parameter East Crystal Belair Amory Deforest Lake Lake Lake Lake Total N 376 96.0 35.6 47.8 Total P 29.8 7.6 2.8 3.8 TSS 8,438 2,158 799 1,075

Locations of Inflow Monitoring Figure 5-2 Sites for the East Crystal Chain-of-Lakes Brightview W. Crystal Dr. (East) W. Crystal Dr. (West) Pinelake Dr. Lakeview Dr. (East) Lakeview Dr. (West)

Overview of the Brightview Drive Monitoring Site Figure 5-3 Monitoring Site Brightview Drive Basin Overview

Photograph of the Brightview Drive Monitoring Site Figure 5-4 Deforest Lake Pond Monitoring Outfall Site Brightview Drive Site

Overview of the Lakeview Drive, Pinelake Drive, Figure 5-5 and West Crystal Drive Monitoring Sites W. Crystal Dr. (East) Pinelake Dr. W. Crystal Dr. (West) Lakeview Dr. (East) East Lakeview Dr. Crystal (West) Lake

Overview of the Lakeview Drive-East Monitoring Site Figure 5-6 Lake View Dr. (East) Site Overview of drainage  . basin characteristics a. Overview of drainage basin characteristics a. Overview of drainage basin characteristics Monitoring Site Monitoring Site Lakeview Drive-East  monitoring site

Figure 5-7 Overview of the Lakeview Drive-West Monitoring Site Figure 5-7 Lake View Dr. (West) Site Lakeview Drive  looking west a. Lake View Dr. looking west a. Lake View Dr. looking west Monitoring Site Monitoring Site Lakeview Drive-West  monitoring site

Figure 5-8 Overview of Drainage Patterns at the Pinelake Drive Monitoring Site Figure 5-8 W. Crystal Dr. Pinelake W. Crystal Dr. Drive Site Pinelake Drive  looking north a. Pinelake Dr. looking north a. Pinelake Dr. looking north Pinelake Drive looking  south toward monitoring site b. Pinelake Dr. looking south toward monitoring site

Overview of the Pinelake Drive Monitoring Site Figure 5-9 Monitoring Site Pinelake Drive Site

Figure 5-10 Overview of the West Crystal Drive-East Monitoring Site W. Crystal Dr. (East) Site  Drainage basin characteristics a. Drainage basin characteristics a. Drainage basin characteristics Monitoring Site Monitoring  Site Runoff monitoring site

Figure 5-11 Overview of the West Crystal Drive-West Monitoring Site Figure 5-11 W. Crystal Dr. (West) Site .  Drainage basin characteristics a. Drainage basin characteristics a. Drainage basin characteristics Monitoring Site Monitoring Site  Runoff monitoring site b. Runoff monitoring site

Figure 5-12 Number of Samples Collected at Each Monitoring Site Brightview (2) W. Crystal Dr. - East (2) W. Crystal Dr. - West (3) Pinelake Dr. (3) Lakeview Dr. - East (3) Lakeview Dr. - West (2)

Number of Samples Collected at Each Monitoring Site Site Parameter Units Brightview Lakeview Lakeview Pinelake West Crystal West Crystal Drive Drive-E Drive-W Drive-E Drive-W pH s.u. 6.66 6.25 5.67 5.80 5.65 5.90 Alkalinity mg/l 53.8 38.4 5.8 13.2 7.4 12.2 Spec. Conductivity mmho/cm 194 274 25 38 22 40 NH 3 -N mg/l 136 212 52 94 68 65 NO x -N mg/l 24 43 96 133 123 104 Diss. Organic N mg/l 113 433 125 167 114 134 Particulate N mg/l 739 367 125 265 562 372 Total N mg/l 1,046 1,147 403 692 872 774 SRP mg/l 10 25 44 66 72 78 Diss. Organic P mg/l 4 10 9 5 8 10 Particulate P mg/l 113 57 18 73 114 42 Total P mg/l 133 106 72 150 194 180 Turbidity NTU 17.8 2.9 4.3 9.1 11.5 6.0 Color Pt-Co 23 75 20 30 29 37 TSS mg/l 22.0 16.9 10.0 25.3 76.6 36.3

1800 1800 1600 1600 1400 1400 1200 1200 800 600 Isopleths of Mean Total 800 1000 Nitrogen Values in 1000 1400 1200 800 1000 1000 Groundwater Seepage 800 1400 Entering the East 1400 1000 800 1200 600 Crystal Chain-of-Lakes 800 600 600 800 400 from September 2010- 600 800 March 2012 1000 600 1200 1400 1600 800 Legend 1000 1800 Seepage Sites 1200 Total N Contours 1000 1000 800 Total N (µg/l) 600 High : 2000 400 Low : 300 600 300 0 600 1,200 1,800 2,400 Feet

50 60 90 70 80 70 60 50 60 50 40 40 30 20 10 Isopleths of Mean Total 20 30 Phosphorus Values in 10 10 Groundwater Seepage 10 Entering the East 10 Crystal Chain-of-Lakes 10 from September 2010- 20 March 2012 30 40 Legend 20 10 Seepage Sites 0 30 Total P Contours 20 20 Total P (µg/l) 10 High : 100 0 Low : 0 600 300 0 600 1,200 1,800 2,400 Feet

500 400 600 700 800 900 900 800 1000 500 600 400 400 500 600 800 900 700 500 500 400 300 Isopleths of Mean 400 500 600 Nitrogen Influx from 200 300 200 Groundwater Seepage 200 200 200 Entering the East 300 200 Crystal Chain-of-Lakes 200 200 100 from September 2010- 200 March 2012 300 Legend 400 200 100 Seepage Sites 300 Total N Flux Contours 400 TN Flux (µg/m^2-day) 100 High : 1100 Low : 0 600 300 0 600 1,200 1,800 2,400 Feet

15 10 20 25 30 35 40 25 20 20 15 15 15 10 15 10 20 10 10 Isopleths of Mean 15 Phosphorus Influx from Groundwater Seepage Entering the East Crystal Chain-of-Lakes 5 from September 2010- March 2012 5 10 Legend Seepage Sites 0 Total P Flux Contours TP Flux (µg/m^2-day) High : 50 0 Low : 0 600 300 0 600 1,200 1,800 2,400 Feet

Internal P Recycling - Large diameter core samples collected in each of the 4 lakes - Core samples incubated under aerobic and anoxic conditions - Samples collected periodically and analyzed for P

Locations for Collection of Large Diameter Sediment Core Samples in East Crystal Lake

Locations for Collection of Large Diameter Sediment Core Samples in Belair, Amory, and Deforest Lakes

Schematic of Sediment Incubation Apparatus

Estimated Mean Annual Mass Loadings and Losses of Total Nitrogen, Total Phosphorus, and TSS to East Crystal Lake Total N Total P TSS Parameter Source kg/yr % kg/yr % kg/yr % Bulk Precipitation 376 14 29.8 37 8,438 81 Runoff 31.3 1 4.4 5 636 6 Overland Flow 84.1 3 11.3 14 1,317 13 Inputs Groundwater Seepage 29.1 1 0.5 1 0 0 Belair Inflow 7.1 < 1 0.1 < 1 22 < 1 Internal Recycling 2,188 81 34.7 43 0 0 Total: 2,715 100 80.8 100 10,413 100 Sediments 2,715 100 80.8 100 10,413 100 Losses Total: 2,715 100 80.8 100 10,413 100

Estimated Mean Annual Mass Loadings and Losses of Total Nitrogen, Total Phosphorus, and TSS to Belair Lake Total N Total P TSS Parameter Source kg/yr % kg/yr % kg/yr % Bulk Precipitation 96.0 15 7.6 15 2,158 50 Runoff 49.2 8 7.3 14 933 22 Overland Flow 57.0 9 7.3 14 1,205 28 Inputs Groundwater Seepage 15.7 2 0.4 1 0 0 Internal Recycling 425 66 28.9 56 0 0 Total: 643 100 51.5 100 4,296 50 Outflow to East Crystal 7.1 1 0.1 < 1 22 1 Outflow to Deforest 30.9 5 0.6 1 97 2 Losses Sediments 605 94 50.8 99 4,177 97 Total: 643 100 51.5 100 4,296 100

Estimated Mean Annual Mass Loadings and Losses of Total Nitrogen, Total Phosphorus, and TSS to Amory Lake Total N Total P TSS Parameter Source kg/yr % kg/yr % kg/yr % Bulk Precipitation 35.6 8 2.8 6 799 19 Runoff 9.8 2 10.6 23 2,179 51 Overland Flow 28.7 7 6.2 13 1,263 30 Inputs Groundwater Seepage 7.7 2 0.2 < 1 0 0 Internal Recycling 359 81 27.0 58 0 0 Total: 440 100 46.9 100 4,242 100 Outflow to Deforest 71.0 12 2.1 4 104 2 Losses Sediments 369 88 44.8 96 4,138 98 Total: 440 100 46.9 100 4,242 100

Estimated Mean Annual Mass Loadings and Losses of Total Nitrogen, Total Phosphorus, and TSS to Deforest Lake Total N Total P TSS Parameter Source kg/yr % kg/yr % kg/yr % Bulk Precipitation 47.8 13 3.8 10 1,075 41 Runoff 41.4 11 5.1 14 904 34 Overland Flow 12.5 4 2.1 6 437 17 Belair Inflow 30.9 8 0.6 2 97 4 Inputs Amory Inflow 71.0 20 2.1 6 104 4 Groundwater Seepage 15.2 4 0.6 2 0 0 Internal Recycling 148 40 22.0 60 0 0 Total: 367 100 36.3 100 2,617 100 Canal Outflow 140 38 4.1 11 481 18 Losses Sediments 227 62 32.2 89 2,136 82 Total: 367 100 36.3 100 2,617 100

Comparison of Areal Nutrient Loadings to the East Crystal Chain-of-Lakes Mass Loading Areal Loading Area (kg/yr) (g/m 2 -yr) Lake (acres) Total N Total P Total N Total P East Crystal 92.8 2,715 80.8 7.2 0.22 Belair 23.73 643 51.5 6.7 0.54 Amory 8.79 440 46.9 12.4 1.32 Deforest 11.82 367 36.3 7.7 0.76 Permissible loading levels (Vollenweider, 1968) for lakes up to 15 m deep: 1. Phosphorus: a. Permissible: <0.1 g/m 2 -yr b. Dangerous: >0.2 g/m 2 -yr 2. Nitrogen: a. Permissible: <1.5 g/m 2 -yr b. Dangerous: >3.0 g/m 2 -yr

Summary of Mean Annual Percentages of Phosphorus Loadings to the East Crystal Chain-of-Lakes Percentage of Annual Total Phosphorus Loadings (%) Source East Belair Amory Deforest Crystal Lake Lake Lake Lake Bulk Precipitation 37 15 6 11 Runoff 5 14 23 14 Overland Flow 14 14 13 6 Groundwater Seepage 1 1 < 1 2 Interconnected Lake Inflow < 1 -- -- 6 Internal Recycling 43 56 58 61 TOTAL: 100 100 100 100

Management Philosophy The East Crystal Chain-of-Lakes are primarily P limited lakes and P loadings must be controlled to improve water quality Management of P loadings should emphasize significant inputs Smaller inputs should be managed as opportunities arise

1. Stormwater Management Stormwater runoff contributions of Total P to the East Crystal Chain- of-Lakes: Total P Load Percent of Total Lake (kg/yr) Loading (%) East Crystal 4.4 5 Belair 7.3 14 Amory 10.6 23 Deforest 5.1 14 With the exception of Amory, runoff contributes a relatively small percentage of the annual TP loadings to the Chain Stormwater management projects would be most appropriate for Amory Stormwater management for the remaining lakes may be feasible if the cost is low

µ Deforest Amory Lake Lake Belair Lake Overview of Existing Stormwater Treatment Systems and Right-of-Way in the East Crystal East Chain-of-Lakes Basin Crystal Lake Legend Basin Boundaries Lakes Dry Pond Wet Pond Stormwater Treatment Areas Dry Pond Wet Pond Dual Pond Right of Way 1,000 500 0 1,000 2,000 3,000 Feet

Typical Drainage Patterns on the East Side of the East Crystal Chain-of-Lakes Roadway drainage conditions in the Amory Basin Roadway drainage conditions in the Amory Basin Roadway drainage conditions in the Amory basin Roadway drainage conditions in the Amory basin Roadway drainage conditions in the Amory basin Roadway drainage conditions in the Amory basin Roadway drainage conditions in the East Crystal Roadway drainage conditions in the East Crystal Roadway drainage conditions in the East Crystal Roadway drainage conditions in the East Crystal Basin Roadway drainage conditions in the East Crystal Roadway drainage conditions in the East Crystal Basin basin basin basin basin

µ Deforest Lake Amory Lake Belair Lake Overview of Right-of-Way Areas in the East Crystal Chain-of-Lakes Basin with No Current East Lake Drainage Systems Crystal Legend Basin Boundaries Lakes Potential Swale RW 1,000 500 0 1,000 2,000 Feet

Roadway Length Lake / Basin Street Name (ft) Crystal Drive 432 Amory Amory – Total: 432 Caspian Court 41 Crystal Drive 830 Belair Crystal View 280 Roadway Areas Belair – Total: 1,152 Without Stormwater Crystal Drive 134 Forrest Drive 912 Conveyance Homewood Drive 730 Lake Blvd. 663 Systems Deforest Orange Drive 614 Sunset Drive 1,362 Vinewood Drive 1,135 Deforest – Total: 5,550 First Street 956 Second Street 1,487 Abbott Avenue 885 Alma Avenue 1,123 Country Club Road 726 Crystal Drive 923 East Crystal Crystal View 2,198 Floyd Avenue 1,257 Frederick Avenue 1,074 Goodheart Avenue 992 Grand Bend Avenue 634 Linda Lane 1,610 East Crystal – Total: 13,866 TOTAL: 21,000

Schematic of Proposed Swale System for a 50-ft Right-of- Way Section

Estimated Construction Costs for Recommended Roadside Swale Systems in the East Crystal Chain-of-Lakes Basin Length of Assumed Total Roadway Construction Construction Lake Without Swales Cost Cost (ft) ($/ft) ($) Amory 432 15 6,480 Belair 1,152 15 17,280 Deforest 5,550 15 83,250 East Crystal 13,866 15 207,990 Total: 21,000 $ 315,000