How var iable is the fe e dstoc k fr om de gr ade d tr e e s - PowerPoint PPT Presentation

How var iable is the fe e dstoc k fr om de gr ade d tr e e s and mill r e sidue s for bioe ne r gy pr oduc tion? Julie Ba rre tte Po stdo c to ra l fe llo w, NRCAN a nd L a va l Unive rsity Va nc o uve r, 8July 2016

Re se a rc he rs invo lve d  E ve lyne T hiffa ult, L a va l Unive rsity  Ale xis Ac him, L a va l Unive rsity  Ma riya Ma rino va , Po lyte c hniq ue Mo ntré a l  F ra nç o is Sa int-Pie rre , L a va l Unive rsity  Da vid Pa ré , NRCAN-CF S  Suza nne We tze l, NRCAN-CWF C  I sa b e lle Duc he sne , NRCAN-CWF C  Sa lly K rig stin, Unive rsity o f T o ro nto

De g ra de d tre e s, wha t do the y lo o k like ? F ung us a tta c ke d tre e s

Co mpa re d with no rma l tre e s !

De g ra de d tre e s, wha t do the y lo o k like ? F ire -kille d tre e s Spruc e b udwo rm-kille d tre e s

Ho w impo rta nt a re the y a c c ro ss Ca na da ? Millions m 3 Possibility Harvest Ratio Newfoundland P.E.I Nova-Scotia New- Brunswick Quebec Ontario Manitoba Saskatchewan Alberta British-Columbia F o re st allo wab le c ut me ans, harve st and ratio o f harve st o ve r the allo wab le c ut b y Canadian pro vinc e b e twe e n 1990 and 2003 (MF F P, 2015)

Wha t do e s the wo o d lo o k like ?

Co nc e rns  The effect of wood degradation on the quality of wood from degraded trees for the production of bioenergy, biofuels and bioproducts is not well known.

T he ma trix Column_name Column_Description PROJECT Project name PLOT_CODE Plot number in the field NO_TREE Tree number SPECIES Tree species HUNTER Tree degradation status (please refer to the sheet named Hunter) DECAY_Perc Percentage of decay within disc area at 1.3m high in the tree (measured from ImageJ software) DBH_Tree Tree diameter at breast height (which refers to 1.3m high) measured in cm pH pH Ash Percentage of ash MC Wood powder's moisture content expressed in percentage on a wet basis HHV Higher heating value (dry) (MJ/kg) LHV Lower heating value (dry) (MJ/kg) C Carbon content expressed in percentage N Nitrogen content expressed in percentage S Sulfur content expressed in percentage Trials -samples P Phosphorus concentration (g/kg) K Potassium concentration (g/kg) Ca Calcium concentration (g/kg) Mg Magnesium concentration (g/kg) Living Dead Mn Manganese concentration (g/kg) Cu Copper concentration (g/kg) Zn Zn concentration (g/kg) Al Aluminium concentration (g/kg) Fe Iron concentration (g/kg) Mo Molybdenum concentration (g/kg) B Boron concentration (g/kg) Sr Strontium concentration (g/kg) Extractives Percentage of extractives Living Dying New Old Old Holocellulose Percentage of holocellulose dead dead Dead (more decomposed) Lignin Percentage of lignin Cellulose Percentage of cellulose Adapted from Hunter 1990 Hemicellulose Percentage of hemicellulose

Va ria tio n in a sh c o nte nts: de g ra de d ha rdwo o ds Sugar maple Ye llow bir c h Ash c onte nt (% ) Ash c onte nt (% ) 1.1 0.6 0.25 0.4 Mill re sidue s F ung us a tta c ke d Mill re sidue s F ung us a tta c ke d

Va ria tio n in a sh c o nte nts: fire - kille d tre e s a nd spruc e b udwo rm-kille d tre e s Jac k pine Blac k spr uc e Ash c onte nt (% ) Ash c onte nt (% ) 0.26 0.20 0.31 0.27 Mill re sidue s F ire -kille d tre e s Mill re sidue s F ire -kille d tre e s Blasam fir Ash c onte nt (% ) 0.43 0.34 Mill re sidue s Spruc e b udwo rm- kille d tre e s

Va ria tio n in c a lo rific va lue s: de g ra de d ha rdwo o ds Ye llow bir c h Sugar maple Calor ific value (MJ/ kg) Calor ific value (MJ/ kg) 18.9 19.2 18.6 18.8 Mill re sidue s F ung us a tta c ke d Mill re sidue s F ung us a tta c ke d

Va ria tio n in c a lo rific va lue s: fire - kille d a nd spruc e b udwo rm-kille d tre e s Blac k spr uc e Jac k pine Calor ific value Calor ific value (MJ/ kg) (MJ/ kg) 20.14 18.98 20.12 18.95 Mill re sidue s F ire -kille d tre e s Mill re sidue s F ire -kille d tre e s Balsam fir Calor ific value (MJ/ kg) 20.19 20.14 Mill re sidue s Spruc e b udwo rm- kille d tre e s

Va ria tio n in pH: fire -kille d a nd spruc e b udwo rm-kille d tre e s Blac k spr uc e Jac k pine pH pH 4.93 4.87 4.15 4.56 Mill re sidue s F ire -kille d tre e s Mill re sidue s F ire -kille d tre e s Balsam fir pH 5.41 5.13 Mill re sidue s Spruc e b udwo rm-kille d tre e s

Va ria tio n in lig nin c o nte nt : fire -kille d tre e s Jac k pine Blac k spr uc e L ignin (% ) L ignin (% ) 26.71 27.99 27.62 24.93 Mill re sidue s F ire -kille d tre e s Mill re sidue s F ire -kille d tre e s

T he ma trix sho uld he lp e va lua te the wo o d pe lle t pro duc tio n po te ntia l fro m de g ra de d tre e s. E xample :Wood pe lle t spe c ific ations Paramè tre s E Np lus-A1 Diame tre (D), (mm) 6-8 3.15-40 L e ngth, (mm) ≥ 600 Wood de nsity – we t basis, (kg/ m 3 ) ≥ 97.5 Durability, (% ) ≤ 10 Moisture c onte nt –we t basis, (% ) ≤ 0.7 Ash, (% ) ≤ 1 F ine s, (% ) ≥ 16.51 L ow he ating value , (MJ/ kg) ≤ 0.3 N, (% ) ≤ 0.05 S, (% ) ≤ 0.02 Cl, (% ) - Additive s, (% )

T he ma trix sho uld he lp e va lua te b io c he mic a l c o nve rsio n po te ntia l fro m de g ra de d tre e s. E xa mple : Auto no mo us b io re fine ry in Aspe n Plus

T he ma trix sho uld he lp e va lua te b io the rma l c o nve rsio n po te ntia l fro m de g ra de d tre e s.

T ha nk yo u! Co nta c ts: julie .b a rre tte @ c a na da .c a , e ve lyne .thiffa ult@ sb f.ula va l.c a