Heat resilient city Flooding Heatstress Drought Heatstres - PDF document

High Resolution Thermal Stress mapping In Africa: Introduction Decision Maps for Urban Planning in Johannesburg Science All presentations and papers download: https://www.climatescan.nl/projects/2537/detail practice Floris Boogaard 1,2 Marieke de Groen 5 Gillian Models Maree 6 , Jeroen Kluck 2,4 1 Hanze University of Applied Sciences Groningen, Zernikeplein 7, P.O. Box 30030, 9700 RM Verification Groningen, The Netherlands engagement 2 Tauw bv, PoBox 133, 7400 AC Deventer, The Netherlands 4 Amsterdam University of Applied Sciences, Weesperzijde 190, 1097 DZ Amsterdam, The Netherlands 5 AquaLinks Research and Implementation, Johannesburg, South AfricaGauteng 6 City Region Observatory (GCRO) Corresponding author: Floris@noorderruimte.nl Education Local stakeholders dr.ir. F. (Floris) Boogaard PhD Professor Spatial Transformations Hanze University of Applied Sciences Groningen (The Netherlands) Floris@noorderruimte.nl Combined solutions for Content Challenges in urban climate 1. Introduction 2. Challenges 3. Tools: climatemaps 1.Heatstressmaps 1.The Netherlands 2.Asia Floodings waterquality Heatstress 3.Africa 4. Next steps – Solutions and more info – Find us, working together? Drought Airquality Other factors… Urban Climate models Heat resilient city Flooding • Heatstress • Drought • Heatstres Johannesburg Damage (cost) • Subsidence • Pollution • Waterquality • (im)mobility • Opinion (social • - Heatmaps, heatgoal media) - Heatmeasures …. etc • - Heat design guidlines Amsterdam University of 5 6 Applied Sciences 1

Dutch approach: climate adaptation National climate adaptation (municipality <2020) The practical use heatstressmaps in Holland: example Fryslan Utrecht/Nijmegen International Four Days Marches Nijmegen The International Four Day Marches results of heat stress on district level for urban planners to prioritize the implementation of climate adaptation measures Nijmegen is the largest multiple day The quick-scan GIS-based thermal stress maps give a quick insight in possible thermal stress locations in a city. marching event in the world. It is organised The maps give an estimate of the maximum PET (physiological equivalent temperature) during a heat wave. every year in Nijmegen, Netherlands in mid-July as a means of promoting sport and exercise. Participants walk 30, 40 or 50 kilometers daily depending on their age and gender, and, on completion, receive a royally approved medal (Vierdaagsekruis). The participants are mostly civilians, but there are also a few thousand military participants. 9 several type of maps - Ground use (building, paved, unpaved, material, water) - DEM, Elevation map showing buildings and trees (shadow) - Air photographs (greenery) - General climate effects (eg western wind) The maps show either differences in the air temperature PET Boogaard F, Fliervoet J., Doutsen K., Lasonder J. Veeneman K., Hoornstra P., Flood and heatstress modelling for climate adaptation, results of ‘Stressttest Fryslân’ , RRAU (Resilient Responsible Architecture and Urbanism), Groningen, 10-12 April 2018. International: The need for INXCES Urban planners: Multi-layer-models INnovations for eXtreme Climatic EventS Groningen INXCES is a result of COST, the partners are: Technical University of Civil Engineering of Bucharest (UTCB-CCIAS) the Norwegian University of Science and Technology (NTNU) University of Applied Sciences Groningen (HUAS) Lulea University of Technology (LTU) the Geological Survey of Norway (NGU) relevant workpackages: * technological innovations and tools * Dissimination and Outreach • Twitter: INovationXCES • Facebook: INovationXCES • Research Gate: INXCES 11 2

Africa: Why Johannesburg? Focus area Asia: use of heatstressmaps for climate change adaptation Focus areas: Climate change adaptation governance • Share best practices Water scarcity Floods and stormwater Heat waves, human and environmental health Informal settlements and urbanisation Infrastructure A large African city within the Gauteng City Region in which heat stress is already ‘officially’ acknowledged as one of the six focus areas for climate change adaptation (Climate Change Adaptation Framework (draft 2018, Prof. Coleen Vogel et al.) 20-6-2018 Kenniscentrum NoorderRuimte bureau NoorderRuimte Heatstress Tainan (Taiwan) Heatstress map in Ayutthaya (Thailand) Why Johannesburg? Variety Needs for heat stress map: ‘green, health, planning’ Already the greatest man made forest in the world …. But not in the high density areas or the new • Climate Change Adaptation manager: “We need developments… information to inform our tree planting programme” • Researcher: “Clinics in poor areas have higher number of illnesses during hot periods. Is this influenced by city fabric?” • Large commercial developer: “We are building a new city, are we adding to heat stress?” Photo credit: Johny Miler, Unequal Scenes (Bloubosrand / Kya Sands) Momentum: Rapid urbanization / densification, and busy with: • You? Busy with Open Space Planning plans , Busy with Stormwater Design Manual, Starting with Green Infrastructure Strategy First results First results: scenarios 2017-2050, AIR-PET 3

Next steps: Verification Johannesburg Weather data installed (TAHMO) automatic weather stations • Vericiation of the map: Challenge Urban floods “heatscans, city climatescans and social media” Hittestress • From analyse to act: “Climatescan, ‘climate in our street’, engagement with urban waterquality mirco polutants stakeholders. • ….. Example of engagement and urban waterquality marco polutants plastic waste verification Verification of the map: “heatscans, city climatescans and From map to Solutions social media” Challenge Method Urban floods Mapping floodings and Cityscan for climate adaptation infiltration capacity measurements with The wicked problem scan: example Rotterdam infiltrometertest The City Climate Scan methodology: to measure, map, scan and assess different parameters that provide insight into the vulnerability of urban areas Hittestress Dynamic and static measurements of and neighborhoods. temperature on several surfaces in the urban dense area with heatcameras and sensors urban waterquality mirco polutants apps and teststrips and underwaterdrones with camera’s and sensors urban waterquality marco polutants; ‘square method’ the type and plastic waste amount of plastic waste is determeined at 1m 2 6/20/2018 Conclusions, next steps • Combined climate GIS maps (heat stress and urban flooding) indicate vulnerable locations to the effects of climate change. infiltration in low lying Holland • Maps are quick-scan tools for urban planners who need to make early decisions. • Measures to prevent flooding and to reduce urban heat can Internationaal, citizen science often be combined and carried out at the same time. • In the European and Asian cities the tools have been proven useful and the maps will be applied in the African process with verification and engagement of stakeholders. • Challenges and further developments: mapping other climate related issues in dense urban areas e.g. Africa. swales: >100 Permeable pavement • Work on this together? >50 www.climatescan.nl 4

All papers on: https://www.climatescan.nl/projects/2537/detail THANK YOU… 更多信息？ 问题与交流 Floris Boogaard, Jeroen Kluck, Marieke de Groen, High Resolution Thermal Stress mapping In Africa: Decision Maps th for Urban Planning in Johannesburg, Adaptation Futures 2018 Dialogues for solutions, 5 international climate change adaptation conference, Cape Town 18-21 June 2018 dr.ir. F (Floris) Boogaard PhD Boogaard F., Vojinovic Z., Yu-Cheng C., Kluck J. Lin T., High resolution decision maps for urban planning: a professor spatial transformations: combined analysis of urban flooding and thermal stress potential in Asia and Europe, ICSEWR, Melaka. Floris@noorderruimte.nl Malaysia December 2016. Boogaard F, Chen Y, Kluck J., Yang S., van der Meulen L., Lin T, The integration of storm water flooding and thermal +31651556826 stress potential in Tainan (Taiwan) and Groningen (Netherlands), Lyon NOVATECH 2016. www.climatescan.nl . Boogaard F, Fliervoet J., Doutsen K., Lasonder J. Veeneman K., Hoornstra P ., Flood and heatstress modelling for climate adaptation, results of ‘Stressttest Fryslân’ , RRAU (Resilient Responsible Architecture and Urbanism), 20-6-2018 Kenniscentrum NoorderRuimte bureau twitter.com/Climate_Scan Groningen, 10-12 April 2018. NoorderRuimte 5