Har Wai Mun Har Wai Mun Eco Friendly Campaign (3rd June 2009) Eco Friendly Campaign (3rd June 2009) Universiti Tunku Tunku Abdul Abdul Rahman Rahman (UTAR) (UTAR) Universiti
Background: The Changes Background: The Changes Polluted Polluted Clean Clean
Background: The Changes Background: The Changes Lost Lost Have Have
Background: The Changes Background: The Changes “ “Do Not Throw Rubbish Do Not Throw Rubbish” ” Syndrome Syndrome Irresponsible people ignoring notices about throwing rubbish [ The Star , Saturday January 3, 2009] Place: Section 2 of Taman Kajang Utama in Kajang, Selangor
Environmental Philosophy Environmental Philosophy World / international Earth Hour (March 28 th , 2009) awareness events imply World Environment Day great worries on (June 5, 2009) environment Philosophy of evolution has been developed since the 1970s by Humanist Ecology and by the neo-darwinian school. Its purpose is the long-term evolution of the complex living being in its universal environment, analyzed through its Human cultural expression.
Environmental Philosophy Environmental Philosophy Environmental ethics is the discipline that studies the moral relationship of human beings to, and also the value and moral status of, the environment and its nonhuman contents. 1960s: “Population time bomb” and a serious environmental crisis >> historical roots of the environmental crisis Rachel Carson's Silent Spring (1963) >> Commercial farming practices aimed at maximizing crop yields and profits are capable of impacting simultaneously on environmental and public health. Paul Ehrlich, published The Population Bomb (1968), warning that the growth of human population threatened the viability of planetary life-support systems.
Environmental Philosophy Environmental Philosophy Lynn White Jr. (1967) >> the main strands of Judeo- Christian thinking had encouraged the overexploitation of nature by maintaining the superiority of humans over all other forms of life on earth, and by depicting all of nature as created for the use of humans. Genesis 1:27-8 states: “God created man in his own image, in the image of God created he him; male and female created he them. And God blessed them, and God said unto them, Be fruitful, and multiply, and replenish the earth, and subdue it: and have dominion over fish of the sea, and over fowl of the air, and over every living thing that moveth upon the earth.” Dennis Meadows’s Limits to Growth (1972): We affirm finally that any deliberate attempt to reach a rational and enduring state of equilibrium by planned measures, rather than by chance or catastrophe, must ultimately be founded on a basic change of values and goals at individual, national and world levels.
Social Contract, Human and Environment Social Contract, Human and Environment “Social contract” is a philosophy thinking of Rousseau. >> human exchange their individual natural right for civil right >> collective welfare (general will) is higher than sum of individual welfare >> foundation thinking to democracy system “Social contract”: Application to analysis of relationship between human and environment (include animal world). >> human have “contract” with environment to live together
Social Contract Social Contract The Contract: >> human and environment as “citizen” of the world give up their individual natural right for a better world >> domestic and international “government” to protect both human and environment >> ensuring general welfare is better than sum of all individual >> human broke this “contract”, victimizing the environment >> environment reacted in protest
Social Contract Social Contract The Solution: The Solution: When contract is broken: (i) individual violated the law that protect the general will >> legislation (law) will punish him for being unfair to others (ii) government violated the social contract >> citizen will punish them through electoral system (people power) Legislation and people power are the key to solve environmental problem that resulted from human violated the contract.
Social Contract Social Contract Greed vs. Ethic Domestic & International pressure National agenda Greedy capitalist Punishment by law Irresponsible Individual Punishment by law Education, awareness campaign Unavoidable/ unintentional damage Fear vs. Enforcement
Social Contract Social Contract People power pressure Domestic & International pressure National agenda Greedy capitalist Punishment by law Irresponsible Individual Punishment by law Education, awareness campaign Unavoidable/ unintentional damage Fear vs. Enforcement
Human has responsibility to the environment. Human has responsibility to the environment. Unable to fulfill our responsibility will do more Unable to fulfill our responsibility will do more harm than benefit. harm than benefit. Do not destroy our only Do not destroy our only place to live. place to live. Save the world, preserve Save the world, preserve the environment! the environment!
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